Iiklasi kwi Blake: indawo nemingxuma, zokuhlela kunye nonyango yidityaniso

Kutheni bathi yidityaniso? Kuyinto kuphela xa uqala sisifo elula eyaziwa bonke. Ukuze oogqirha bamazinyo, kukho umahluko of ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo, yaye ngamnye kubo kufuna indlela yayo ngokukhethekileyo unyango.

Yidityaniso yahlukile

Yidityaniso - isifo uqhelekileyo kwisisu ngomlomo, ukuphuhlisa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo amazinyo kuba ezahlukeneyo kunye nomfanekiso bezonyango inkqubo. Ukuze kube lula unyango, ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwe-nokulungiselela izinyo yaye isetyenziselwa uphawu iindidi eziphathekayo lokuhlela yidityaniso. Ngoko ke ama iiklasi Blake, ubunzulu kokoyiswa, inqanaba lomsebenzi yenkqubo wentshabalalo, bubukho iingxaki, uhlobo lonyango kunye nendawo sisilonda.

Ethandwa kakhulu ulwahlulohlulo olucetywayo ngo-1986 yaseMerika wamazinyo George. Black. Injongo yayo yaba systematization kwemigaqo unyango iintlobo nesimo yidityaniso izinyo.

Iiklasi ku Blake

Black ichonge iiklasi ezintlanu ukuya ukunika phezu komhlaba, oko kukuthi, kuxhomekeka apho ibekwe kwisisu carious:

1. ehlola kwasendaweni (iintanda misinga kwi wayesebenzisa occlusal komhlaba), libe sisigingqi imihlathi kunye premolars (imihlathi ezinkulu nezincinane), canines kunye siphume.
2. Oko kwabuchaphazela ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu imiphezulu - uya kubanjiswa le medial kunye distal (yidityaniso ngaphambili kwi amazinyo) okanye occlusion (ukuhlafuna nokusika imiphezulu) imihlathi kunye premolars.
3. Ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kwi inxalenye medial kwaye distal le canines kunye siphume.
4. Kwasendaweni iyafana naleyo kwiklasi wesithathu, kunye engile entrained yenxalenye isithsaba okanye ukugawula umphezulu.
5. Komgodi ithatha inxalenye wesibeleko naliphi iqela amazinyo.

abamnyama bamaBakala nokumisa zonke embodiments zonke nemingxuma kunokwenzeka, ngamnye kubo inika unyango eyahlukileyo, indlela izinyo yokulungiselela kumguli ufake uphawu.

Iklasi yokuqala abamnyama

Ifunyanwa kwisisu carious ngaleyo ndlela kwande umngcipheko ngokwaphula itywina ngohlangothi uxinzelelo oluphezulu kuyo ngexesha ukuhlafuna. Xa kulungiselelwa izinyo luquka amanyathelo ngaphandle ngozi. Oku kwenzeka ngokunciphisa wayesebenzisa Wotho, uzaleke umaleko yatyeba impahla ligcwale. Xa usebenzisa zizonke kunye enganyangekiyo ngamachiza ukuba isicelo ngaxeshanye emazantsi kwisisu wayo, njengoko shrinkage iya ngqo ukuya yintlama. Ukuba usebenzisa izinto ukukhanya-kophilisiweyo, oko akumiselweyo ungasuki zikhabane. Shrinkage kulo mzekelo ziya mayibhekiswe kumthombo polymerization. Ingaphandle kufuneka ulale ukusuka ezantsi phakathi ukuya ekupheleni lweHo-, ilitha kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa iindonga ecaleni, yaye emva - aa Incopho kumphezulu ihlafuna. Ngenxa yoko, ingangeni tight ifunyanwa em- ngetywina.

Amanqanaba agcwalise nemingxuma kwiklasi yokuqala

Izenzo ezinjalo kufuneka kuthathwe ugqirha wamazinyo ukuze ndiphilise kwiBakala 1 Blake:

• anesthetize (sebenzisa gel kumzimba okanye kwisipreyi lidocaine) ,
• nokulungiselela izinyo (ukulungiselela ibandakanya yokomba inxenye enzulu carious kwithishyu nzima)
• ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba ukunyanzelisa indlela gasket ubushushu (ukuthintela ukungakhuseleki labalandeli ukuya yintlama kunye ukuluma yayo)
• pickle acid kunye siwabeka, ndiwatshise lweHo-,
• lineminyaka amathe,
• isicelo ngokuyimfuneko primer (for dentin)
• Faka ngcina (lib phakathi ilungu ezihlolwayo kunye nelaphu izinyo okanye primer)
• umaleko nangeencwadi uphose umaleko ukubamba ephilisa yayo,
• kuhlengahlengiswa ukuba imilo olufunayo, ukuvelisa kokugqiba nezokucoca,
• ukwenza ilitha (enganyangekiyo final).

Udidi lwesibini abamnyama

Ukuba iingxaki zalo beBanga 2 Black lubonisa kunyango ngayo iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili - ukudala abafowunelwa olomeleleyo phakathi kwamazinyo kunye nokubonelela ukulungele Ukufudumala ye labalandeli ukuya elunxwemeni kwisisu engundoqo. Amaxesha amaninzi inkqubo ukutywina nzima imbonakalo amatywina kwikona ukwanekwa, ukunqongophala lokudibana phakathi kwamazinyo okanye imathiriyeli kunye ukuqanda. Ukuthintela oku, sebenzisa i matrix obhityileyo ukuba izinyo kwenziwa lisisiqalo (kangangoko kunokwenzeka) usebenzisa izixhobo zomthi. Ekubangeleni isizalo isithuba interdental kunye nesinqumka esisigxina, ngoko utyebile ngamanzi. Uqhekeko fuku kunyusa izinyo. Le ndlela xa ezizalisa ukuphepha ukwanekwa kwendawo kwegqabi ukuwavala, nto leyo ibangele ukudumba iintsini. Ashinyeneyo izinto kufanelekile ukuba kwisisu inika ukusetyenziswa iglu - Umatshini ngokwayo kuba labalandeli ukuba ngokuqinileyo ezinxulumene kuphela lwawo, kodwa dentin.

Amanqanaba ukugcwalisa ukuqanda bodidi lwesibini

yi kwiiklasi abamnyama unyango zifana, kodwa elowo kubo kufuna bokuqonda ezikhethekileyo kokugcwaliswa. Nanga amanyathelo ngenxa iklasi yesibini:

• Ukubulawa,
• ukulungiselela,
• ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukulungiswa iintsini,
• Ukufakelwa isizalo kunye nokuqaliswa nesinqumka ngomthi okanye umnikazi,
• ukuba ihamba ngaphandle amazinyo kuyimfuneko,
• ahlawuliswe spacer ubushushu (ukuba kuyimfuneko)
• ekwenzeni inkqubo ngasekhohlo, ukuhlamba acid omisa
  komgodi
• bodwa izinyo evela ematheni,
• isicelo primer kanye ngcina,
• xa kuyimfuneko - buyisela ekupheleni lwawo (ukuba zikhona),
• ahlawuliswe kweemaleko ahlanganisiweyo,
• Ukususa isizalo nesinqumka,
• ulawulo interproximal contact,
• ukulungiswa, wokucoca,
• entanjeni Gweb.

Iiklasi yesithathu neyesine

Apha, indima ephambili ngoku udlalwa nge kukhethwe umbala izixhobo nokuzaliswa, ngenxa yokuba kule meko ukubola kwamazinyo yenzelwe kwi amazinyo ngaphambili. Ngenxa inani ezahlukeneyo elubala dentin kunye lwawo, unyango kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa oyintlanganisela imibala ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Okudingayo ukuba izinyo kwabonakala eyohlobo olulodwa, kwaye itywina akazange khangela njenge isiziba. Ukwenza isiphumo ezininzi zendalo, sebenzisa abelungu umbandela ukuxelisa dentin, kwaye phantse elubala - lokuphinda lo lwawo. Inguqu ayizange ibonakale, Wotho lo lwawo ehlanganiswa 2-3 mm. Kubalulekile ukuba umsebenzi omhle kangaka ukwenza wamazinyo elungileyo ngubani na ukufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo ingcaciso yale izinyo. Kukho degrees ezintathu zayo: ngaphaya (ngokuqhelekileyo tyheli, ngaphaya edge nokuba ukusika), ngaphaya (izithunzi ezikhanyayo etyheli-ndiyingwevu, ukusika ngaphaya edge), i gaba ngaphaya kakhulu (nombala, ummandla elubala sesithathu izinyo.

Amanqanaba ngokugcwalisa ukuqanda 3 kunye neeklasi 4

Ukuze uyitywine iiklasi kwesesithathu nakwesesine nemingxuma abamnyama, kugqirha wamazinyo mabazalise le manyathelo alandelayo:

• ekucoceni kumphezulu uqweqwe,
• limisele umthunzi izinyo,
• anesthetize,
• nokulungisa izinyo ukumkhulula zomzimba owosulelekileyo
• ukubeka imisonto isimangalo okanye isizalo eliduna, xa luyimfuneko (abachaphazelekayo gingival imajini)
• isicelo zokwambathisa yethemba,
• ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukubuyisela iikhonto kwamazinyo,
• siwabeka asidi kwaye yome lweHo-,
• angamvaleli amathe,
• Faka primer (ozikhethelayo) kunye nento yokuncamathelisa
• plobiruyuschy ukubeka kunokudala eziphathekayo,
• Ukususwa matrix kunye zixhobo, ukuba kuyimfuneko,
• lungisa komfula, ubumbe izinyo,
• ukugaya likhazimliswe,
• entanjeni Gweb.

grade Fifth abamnyama

Kulo mzekelo, ukubaluleka iphambili ukuzalana iintsini, ukuqanda. Kunye amanxeba anzulu ngenxa yokuvalwa ungqameko olungezantsi iintsini, ukopha naye, kugqirha wamazinyo elungileyo kwangoko ugqiba ukuba nokulungisa eludinini gingival. Emva izakhi elifanelekileyo intlaka iintsuku ezimbalwa, iwise kuzaliswa okwethutyana ukuphelisa ubunzima ngakumbi xa ufaka rhoqo. grade Fifth kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa izinto ezihlolwayo kunye compomers (edityanisiweyo-ionomer ukubunjwa). ZifunwaEzokugqibela zidweliselwe zisetyenziselwa izilonda ezibalulekileyo kunye inxalenye ebalulekileyo lethu elikhulu. Kwiimeko apho imbonakalo kubuhle kubalulekile (okanye ukusilela kuchaphazela kuphela lwawo), esebenzisa zisasilela ukukhanya-enganyangekiyo ekhethekileyo umbala.

Amanyathelo zokugcwalisa nemingxuma kwiklasi yesihlanu

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ukuphatha yidityaniso grade sesihlanu:

• nihlamba umphandle izinyo evela uqweqwe,
• ukumisela emthunzini,
• bachithe Ukubulawa
• ukwenza asike, ukhupha izicwili olumanzi
• imajini echanekileyo gingival, ukuba kuyimfuneko,
• faka intambo isimangalo,
• inyanzelise gasket usambathisa, xa kukho imfuneko,
• siwabeka acid, eyomileyo,
• lineminyaka amathe,
• Faka primer kanye ngcina,
• izinto ukupakisha, ilitha,
• ukugaya likhazimliswe,
• entanjeni Gweb.

grade lesithandathu

Wamazinyo odumileyo American, ogama lakhe ulwahlulohlulo elikhankanywayo, Kukho iiklasi ezintlanu ukuqanda. Kangangexesha elide, inkqubo wakhe kusetyenziswa ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni. Kodwa kamva kwi nyathelo leeklasi Health yi Black World Umbutho unenzondelelo iinguqu ezingephi - oko Kongezelelwa wesithandathu. Uchaza zalapha ekhaya kwabo yidityaniso xa usiko lwe siphume naphezu kweenduli amazinyo ngomva.