Ibonisa iziqwenga-moya (bangabonwa)

Ukukwazi ukubonisa kakuhle iimilo ezahlukeneyo kwi-moya sheet, ngelaphu, kunye nayiphi na enye lwandle kulapho ngokwaneleyo sisakhono ebalulekileyo. Yaye ngaphezu kwako konke, kubalulekile ukuba abantu kwezobugcisa: ngabapeyinti, abakroli, abazobi, nabayili (izithuba ngaphakathi izakhiwo kunye nokusingqongileyo bokwakha) kunye namadoda kwinzululwazi: zezibalo, yemvelo, abayili kunye nabasunguli.

Kodwa le ndoda kude kwezi ndawo ukufunda wokubona zibonisa ihlabathi elisingqongileyo nayo kubaluleke kangakanani. Oku kunceda kakhulu nzulu ukuqonda yonke yokusebenza kwalo. Ukuba ngaba awunayo iingcamango ngokwaneleyo malunga nendlela yokwenza oko ngokuchanekileyo, ngoko ke kakhulu mhlawumbi akuyi kuba uyilo olugqwesileyo, umfanekiso okanye umzobo nayiphi na injongo. Oko kukuthi, obu buchule kubalulekile zombini ngenxa imisebenzi elula, ngemihla kwaye ukuba, ukubaluleka jikelele ehlabathini.

A incinane

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo abantu baye bazama ezibonisa oko akubona ngeenxa zonke: abanye abantu, ezinye uhlobo lwesakhiwo eyayingekaphuhli baloo maxesha, ihlabathi emangalisayo ezintle izityalo kunye nezilwanyana, neentaba, nezinto nje, izinto zasekhaya. Oko ke ihlabathi lonke ukwahluka kwalo nobuhle.

Kodwa ke abazange babe nofifi malunga nendlela kunokwenzeka ukwenza ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ngokuchanekileyo ukubonisa izinto ezahlukeneyo angalinganiyo kwi indiza engokoqobo ngenene, ephila. Kwakukho umntu ulwazi olufanelekileyo ingakumbi izakhono ezizodwa, ngaphandle, mhlawumbi, le nto esisiseko.

Ukuthetha imithombo ngaphambili ukuba umzobo yokuqala yehlabathi yaba umgca enye kuphela, olwaba ecaleni izithunzi zabantu uphoswe yi ilanga phezu kodonga. Yiloo nto kanye uhlobo ezicetyiswayo, kufuneka aye afune isicombululo ilungelo lo mba kuyo naliphi icala.

Kwaye umbuzo ukuba umntu ziinkathazo ngoko ke ngenxa yesi sizathu: akazange afune ukuba banandiphe nje bayawarhawula ngal ephila, original, ngoko ukuthetha, yaye wazama walithimba into-ntathu-moya. Yaye wakwenza oku ukuze abe nako ngale ndlela okanye ukuhombisa ikhaya lakho okanye indawo engcwele ngenxa yakhe, okanye ukuba athathe iipasile kunye nomfanekiso kunye nesihamba ngayo nayiphi na umgama.

Wew geometry we mzobo

Nantoni na ke uthi, kodwa iminyaka, sele kudlule iinkulungwane, kwaye ngandlela kuphuhliso impucuko, abantu baye bafunda ukubonisa ngokuthe iimilo ezintsonkothileyo iinkalo ezimbini, oko kukuthi, kwi-moya. Ngaphandle ukuchana ntathu kunye olinganise izinto ezichazwe kubonakala ukuba ilingane kakhulu.

Kodwa ke umbuzo kakuhle indlela ukubonisa amanani kwi moya nendlela ziyangqinelana isambuku into yokuqala, ibe nye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngendlela ethile singawusombululi lo mba uye wanceda nenzululwazi entsha ebizwa Geometry. Okanye kunoko, icandelo layo - geometry esichazayo.

Apha ukufunda nje iimilo kunye moya, imigca ethe ngqo kunye amanqaku, kwakunye ulwalamano lwabo omnye komnye - kokubini ezinemilinganiselo emithathu kwaye kwisithuba ezikumila kumacala mabini.

iindlela ukuguqulwa

Into ebalulekileyo lwezobugcisa ukubonisa amanani kumfanekiso moya. Ngapha koko, enyanisweni, nguye yamanyala bezinto ezintathu nangalinganiyo-mbini. Oko kukuthi, isakhiwo ekufuneka ziguqulelwe ngendlela elula, oko kukuthi, into othe ubude, ububanzi, ubude, kufuneka ukuba aguqulelwe-moya.

Nezichazayo geometry msebenzi onjalo "ukuguquka", ngenxa kwezinye iindlela. itotali yawo, kukho malunga ezintandathu. Nazi ke ezintathu eziphambili, kanye ethandwa kakhulu ehlabathini:

• Ethile (xa into umfanekiso icinyiwe kwisithuba);
• kwelivi orthogonal (ezayo ngaxeshanye, apho ray aa-moya);
• elibhalwe ngokumileyo kwelivi (ezayo e ngaxeshanye, apho imiqadi nabavumayo kuthelekiswa moya).

Kwanele kubonakala into imaged ngokucacileyo kwi imbono axonometric (equka orthogonal kunye elibhalwe ngokumileyo). Kodwa ke eyona ecacileyo lokwenyaniso, kuthelekelelwe abe nembono. Kwaye ke iindlela ngentla kakhulu ukusombulula ingxaki yokwenza njani ukubonisa amanani-moya.

nombono

Ethile phakathi kwezinye iindlela umfanekiso kuthatha indawo uzuko. Ngokuba neliso womntu kwekhamera ubona ezithile ngendlela efanayo. Izinto kude mkhanyo, ubukhulu balo khangela ezincinane, yaye ngamanye amaxesha kakhulu ngaphantsi, kunokuba xa zikufutshane.

Umzekelo, thatha umfanekiso wento enamacala esithubeni. Ukuba, eneneni, zonke ezinemiphetho yalo ngaxeshanye omnye komnye, ngoko xa ukhangela le into esekude, kusenokubonakala ngathi ekupheleni idibane (okanye kufuneka idibane) ngaxa linye. Kwaye, yintoni eyona umdla, nje ukuza ndawonye ngaxa omnye abe kwindawo enye itekisi.

Ngenxa iinkosi le Renaissance: Albrecht Dürer, Piero della Francesca, Andrea Mantegna, Leon Battista Alberti, taka uyazi ukuba nembono ngqo enjalo yomgama, ukujonga ukuba izixa-ukuphakama kolundi kunye shwaka amanqaku.

A genius edumileyo - uLeonardo da Vinci - walwela okokuqala ingqikelelo injalo zasemoyeni. Lo mbala tshintsho imibala into, umehluko utshintsho iimpawu zayo (ukuhla njengoko umgama kwento).

kwelivi orthogonal

Orthogonal ebizwa kwelivi parallel, nto leyo mayibhekiswe emgceni, nto leyo xa kuthelekiswa aa-moya. Ngexesha imisele yayo isicelo into imilinganiselo kuhlala ingatshintshanga. Oko kukuthi, injongosenzi uboniswa ngaphandle Bill.

I kulindeleke into-ntathu njengoko kubhaliwe ibolile ngokwendidi ezintathu: ecaleni, ngaphambili ngaphezulu. Kwaye bejonge yonke ngexesha elinye, kunokwenzeka ukuba walala phantsi ingcamango njani into ozijonga umthamo. Imilinganiselo amanani kuhlala zingatshintshi umfanekiso-ntathu, kwaye-mbini.

kwelivi elibhalwe ngokumileyo

Le zibalo nohlulwe zenyathi eziliqela, ezizezi:

• umbono ulwandiso;
• kwelivi dimetric;
• Trimetric.

Xa okuza ulwandiso ubugqwetha zonke 3 amazembe (ubude, ububanzi, ubude). Ie angles phakathi nezamazembe zithathelwa ngababini degrees 120. In dimetric --axis 2 ubugqwetha ngokulinganayo kwaye eyesithathu ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye Trimetric zonke okuza ubugqwetha (ngamanye amazwi, kuzo zonke 3 amazembe) zahlukile.

amanani ukujikeleza

Xa ezijikelezayo unxantathu uhambe i-axis nayiphi na enye imilenze ezimbini besithathu (i hypotenuse) uchaze isimo esitsha, ekuthiwa ikhowuni. Kwaye ukuba ukutshintsha uxande (isikwere) ngenye emacaleni aso, sifumana njengesilinda. Xa kokutshintsha isangqa uya Sphere.

Oku kulandela ukuba moya ejikelezayo ahambe axis, siye bafumane ekuthiwa-figure ujikelezo.

La manani kuba axis. Indlela babheka-moya ixhomekeke ukubekwa kuthelekiswa wabo amehlo ethu. Umzekelo, emacaleni ephezulu nesezantsi lombhobho, enyanisweni, amele oku kulandelayo. Kwaye xa ujonga nabo moya, bakhangeleka ngathi ellipses.

Kodwa lo msebenzi kuba nokuba nzima ngakumbi ukuba ukuqulunqwa amanani lomhlaba apho kokuba yakuthobela moya axis. Kubalulekile ukuba yakhiwe ejikelezayo zamaqumrhu zaye equidistant ukusuka ezimanyeneyo yokugqibela.

A bit ukukhanya nethunzi

Indima ebalulekileyo ekuboniseni iinyama kwi chiaroscuro moya lokudlala. Ngenxa isambuku into kubonisiwe idaliwe hayi kuphela imigca kodwa ukusasazwa eyiyo ukukhanya isithunzi emacaleni aso. Kwaye ke ubukeka gqitha voluminous kwi womgca kumphezulu okuntlandlo-mbini.

Ngenxa yoko ke, amanani kwidispleyi moya, inkcazelo yobukhulu bawo, ndandifeketha na ingakumbi echanekileyo eyalekeneyo kunye namabala amnyama kunokwenzeka ukuphumeza ngenxa iindlela ngasentla. Kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, iye ngokwenene kubonakele iindlela ezisetyenziswa ziingcali ixesha lethu phambili.