AFP ngexesha lokukhulelwa. test AFP

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) - protein foetal isibindi yokwandisa kunye namalungu emathunjini yosana olungekazalwa, leyo ngokwesiqhelo khona igazi neencindi fluid abafazi abakhulelweyo. amanqanaba aphezulu okanye asezantsi AFP esinxulunyaniswa abaneziphene ezithile, ezifana Edwards syndrome, Down syndrome, anencephaly, yomqolo eyayimenza njalo njalo. Ukuze ukuchonga ezinxaxhileyo kunokwenzeka kuphuhliso olungekazalwa uya kuwucikida AFP.

Yintoni na uvavanyo AFP?

Kweli thuba ukusuka 15 ukuya kwiveki yama-20 zokukhulelwa, abafazi abaninzi abakhulelweyo acetyiswayo ukwenza diagnosis ezihlaselayo siswini, nto leyo edla kunika ngombane. Enye yezona ndlela kakhulu ingozi yokuba musa ukuba i lalwano yangaphakathi, ngaba uvavanyo AFP, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba AFP ngexesha lokukhulelwa egazini sikanina. Thabatha igazi yegazi ze umama zithunyelwe kwindlwana yophando lwenzululwazi ukuze uhlalutyo. Isiphumo kukuba, njengokuba umthetho, iyaziwa emva kweeveki 1-2, nezithelekiswa ubudala umama imvelaphi yobuhlanga bakhe, ukuhlola amathuba ukuphazamiseka genetic ezinokwenzeka.

Izalathi inembe zolu vavanyo unika 16 ukuya ku-18 ngeveki. Ngenxa yokuba i-AFP ngexesha lokukhulelwa uyasijika amazinga ingqalelo ukuba iziphumo zophando inokuthenjwa kufuna umhla ngqo kwesisu. Noko ke, simele sikhumbule ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo akukho sifo, kodwa kubonisa kuphela idinga uxilongo ukubona malformations iziphene kwi olungekazalwa.

Ngubani Kucetyiswa uvavanyo AFP?

Kakade ke, kungakuhle ukuba bonke abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kwaqhutywa uphando efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, kunyanzelekile ukuba AFP ngexesha ukhulelwe kufuneka sizimisele ukuba amabhinqa:

• banembali yosapho yokuzalwa;
• ezindala ngaphezu kweminyaka 35;
• bathatha amayeza okanye iziyobisi ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa;
• nesifo seswekile.

Ukuba AFP i eziphakamileyo, oko kusenokubonisa ukuba umntwana okhulayo uye ityhubhu isiphako umbefu ezifana ndinespina bifida okanye anencephaly, sezintso ezingaqhelekanga womchamo kunye nezinye kwasekuzalweni. Inqanaba eliphezulu AFP kwakhona cebisa iziphene esophageal naso. Noko ke, oyena nobangela uqhelekileyo kumanqanaba AFP ephakamileyo na ukuthandana engachananga yokukhulelwa.

Ukuba AFP ngexesha ukhulelwe ukuba lingako kwaye kukho engaqhelekanga imigangatho hCG kunye estriol, oku kubonisa ukuba le mveku abe abazizidalwa ngokukhula, trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome), trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) okanye ezinye iintlobo ukungaqheleki chromosomal.

Iziphumo uvavanyo AFP

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba uvavanyo AFP - ayikho uvavanyo diagnostic, uphawula kuphela ukuba impilo yosana usengozini. Kwimeko amanqanaba ezingaqhelekanga kumagama-fetoprotein kufuna uvavanyo eyongezelelweyo ukuxilongwa. A ndlela ngakumbi kukuba ukubamba uvavanyo yesibini AFP okanye 3D-ultrasound. Ukuba retesting uqinisekisa ukuba i- AFP ngexesha lokukhulelwa (normal AFP ibalwe njengomsebenzi ubudala sokukhulelwa) zabaxwa okanye understated eyabelwe iinkqubo ezonakalisayo ngakumbi ezifana amniocentesis.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba alpha-fetoprotein singàphunyezwa kubo bonke abasetyhini abakhulelweyo, kwezinye iimeko kuyimfuneko. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ukongeza ukungaphatheki ukuzoba igazi, akukho ubungozi okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinxulunyaniswa ekuqalisweni kwayo. Olu vavanyo oqhelekileyo nje ukuba singabandakanyi i lalwano lwangaphakathi, kwaye ke ngoko musani kube yingozi unina okanye umntwana. Ukuba uvavanyo njengesifundo, lo mfazi yena ukufuna ekuphatheni yayo (ngaphandle kokuba, kakade, wayekholelwa ukuba ibe luncedo kuba yena nosana lwakhe), ukuqinisekisa eliqhelekileyo yokukhulelwa.