Ibhulorho ngaphesheya Amur River: ifoto, ubude, ukwakhiwa

Ibhulorho ngaphesheya Amur River kufuphi nesixeko Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Kukho amathuba iimoto ezimbini nabangatshatanga-umkhondo wendlela. Zikaloliwe waqalisa ukusebenza ngo-1975, yaye ngowe-1981 sele wabonakala kuhola wendlela. Siphela kwebhulorho kwisixeko iyavuma.

simangaliswe engineering

Ibhulorho ngaphesheya Amur River iyavuma yakhiwa kwisithuba ukususela 1913 ukuya kwiminyaka 1916-th. Yena babenendlela enye. umbhali yale projekthi ibalelwa LD Proskuryakov. Kwacetywa ukubeka isebenza kaloliwe.

Yanda iindlela yamajoni ehamba enye ezimbini zabahambi leyo ziyaxhaswa console, okanye ngamavili nge endleleni. Ibhulorho ixhasa uhlobo elinethoba intermediate, wakha abanye usebenzisa caissons eveze ukuya kubunzulu leemitha 19.2. Abasithoba kubo enziwa usebenzisa intsimbi, kwaye abanye - ngakumbi eziphathekayo kunye neenkuni.

Izakhiwo asifumani kufutshane kodonga lasekhohlo athathe emilise arch kwaye ziyafumaneka zokukhwela. UMyili hingeless arch waba G. P. Peredery owayibumbayo imveliso yabo ufakelo lwesamente. Izakhiwo encotsheni ubume ezi ntsimbi zilapha phezulu kunye zokulinganisa kumkhombe. Belt top ngokumila ezizekelisayo. LeZiseko wabeka strong, izibonda ngakwimida inyengane kwenziwa.

Ulwakhiwo kule Komsomolsk-on-Amur

Ukwakhiwa kwebhulorho enqumla Amur River kwacetywa ngexesha kusakhiwa lali Komsomolsk-on-Amur ngo-1932, xa kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa emideni ezimbini emlanjeni elizayo izimvu-Amur zokurhafisa.

Iprojekthi yophuhliso wathabatha Lengiprotransmost - iziko ukuba yaphakanyiswa kuwo, kubandakanywa lunee ezintathu ukwakhiwa yokuwela. Ngokutsho komnye wabo, oko ingabekwa phakathi komzi phantsi kusakhiwa, le yesibini neyesithathu - in dash yakhe ngezantsi.

Ngelo xesha, kude kube ibhulorho ngaphesheya Amur na uye wasebenza, abemi kwakufuneka ukusebenzisa phenyane. Xa umsebenzi ekuqaleni zikaloliwe iyavuma SovGavan, baqala ukusebenzisa udidi Uloliwe iphenyane. Winter waba ngqo iyonakala kulengqele udale indlela yexeshana.

Ngowe-1961, umsebenzi laqalisa uhlobo emlanjeni icebreaker, owayesebenza ebusika kunye ekwindla. Kunye kwakunokwenzeka baqhubeke ixesha navigation. Noko ke, eli nxuwa zisalufuna utshintsho kunye nophuhliso.

Ukususela amagama kwisenzo

Emva kulibaziseka kakhulu, ngowe-1969 saqalisa ukwakha ibhulorho enqumla Amur koMlambo. lokwakha zagqitywa ngo-1974. Into yokugqibela yaba yenye yeentsika ezisithoba apho ibhulorho yaqhutywa. Last isakhiwo Uhlobo elifutshane lusekiwe September 26, 1975-th.

Uvulo esinyanisekileyo kuba into une ibaluleke kakhulu aluncedo kubo bonke abasebenzisi bayo. Kwenza utshintsho yomendo yentsimbi. Ngosuku lokuqala, xa waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe le ngongoma kuwo Wakhwela kuloliwe ethwele abakhweli. Yaphela apha emsebenzini neziye, ezazisetyenziswa kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu ngaphambili.

Xa eyila umthwalo yasasazwa ngomhla kaloliwe kwakujongwa kunye neendlela ngezimoto ngaphakathi iinkcukacha lwamabakala akhoyo kunye nemigangatho zokwakha. Ukwakhiwa yona ibhulorho phesheya Amur River zaye ukusungulwa imikhosi Mostotryad Komsomolsk ezinxulumene ukuthembela "Mostostroy-8."

zobuchwepheshe advanced

Kwenza undoqo kwezakhiwo ufakelo lwesamente ezixhasa kwindoda ezenza indlela yomanyano oololiwe neemoto iileyini ezimbini. Indawo elungiselelwe enkalweni kwezithuthi, phezu kwizibiyeli. Bona zibekwe ecaleni asezantsi ukuba ngamazinga ngezipani w / d.

Lidla isakhiwo elikhulu yi ibhulorho ngapha Amur. Ubude bayo ngu 1.4 amawaka. zokulinganisa, ukuphakama ngaphezu kolwandle kweemitha ezingama-24.

Xa ukwakhiwa kwenzekayo apha phakathi 1970 no 1971, i-yokuqala unique ngexesha kule ndlela yiSoviet wokudala izibonda busetyenzisiwe. Le lolona phawu balusebenzisayo lwemihlathi, emi phezu kwesiseko ngakumbi amaqokobhe ngekhonkrithi ukuba ububanzi of-3 m. Le ndlela bafunda kuphuhliso K. Silin, kunye kuphela umahluko ngaphandle caisson lesiseko, ngokuqhelekileyo asetyenziswe ekwakheni izinto ukuba nokugqama, eyazalisa Trans-eSiberia .

Yiankile kubunzulu lolusu lisisiseko, wasebenzisa zokomba uhlobo jet-kumbhobho, ezenza kwakhona yaba amava eyodwa umsebenzi ofanayo kunye ematyeni.

Lo msebenzi wawuquka iyunithi eyodwa asetyenziswe kusombiwa - RTB-600. It iqulathe imibhobho ezintathu apho sisixhobo ijikelezwe kwaye kutshabalalisa engxondorheni. Kubonakala ngathi kukho amasuntswana cone.

luphila

Xa inwebu shi kwaye zafikelela ofunekayo, izaliswe umxube eziphathekayo nge kumbhobho ihamba nkqo. Emva koko uya ngokusebenzisa imibutho umbutho iibhulorho ngakumbi, wasebenzisa sheet Bawafumba uhlobo, kuye ezaqhotyoshelwa nokuxhasa izakhiwo. iqokobhe nganye ifikelele 3 ubukhulu leemitha. Inani lilonke lweziqalelo yi iiyunithi 304.

Iziseko monolithic kusebenza njengezixhobo nokuxhasa. izinto esiPhakathi abe Nyengane zibheke sisinge mntanam. Yaba icebreaker kunye usiko, kube nkqo. La maphepha thina wasebenzisa lenyengane, nto leyo geni Trikratninskom Kiesovskom kunye iikwari.

Otherness

i izithuthi Akubalulekanga nje, kodwa into qhinga yasemkhosini nga ngokuba ibhulorho enqumla Amur koMlambo. Photo ngamandla ayo ukubonakalisa ngokupheleleyo loyilo nokuqina.

Kumacala omabini ucingo kukho ucingo, emgceni xa isibini lemiqolo ezinde zokhuseleko kunye komhlaba. Ngabaqambi kufuneka kuqhutywa beebhayisikile nabahambi ngeenyawo. On ekhohlo uyakwazi ukubona inxalenye apho ke usebenze kanzima. Xa iinjongo zoqeqesho phambi kokuba kusetyenziswe umfuziselo elincinane yenguqu. Ukuba uvula ibhulorho ngelo xesha, ingakumbi xa umoya onamandla, kusuke kuvakale ngathi wakhuph design. Oku kungenxa ubude bayo.

Zombini imizila - iyavuma kunye Komsomolsk-on-Amur - abahlukileyo zentlelo ixesha labo. Zingakotshwa ngokuba iindlela kungekuphela phakathi kweenxweme ezimbini, kodwa ke inguqu ukusuka ngaphambili ukuya elizayo kwinzululwazi.