I-West Siberian Plain: ngemvelo, imozulu, kunye nolunye ulwazi

I-West Siberian Plain yenye kumathafa enkulu yehlabathi. Ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi ngayo ifike amabini kunye newaka nesiqingatha ngeekhilomitha ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma - ngaphantsi kancinane amawaka amabini. imida yayo yemvelo; ngasemntla - elwandle Arctic Ocean, emzantsi - Kazakh iinduli eliphantsi ukuya ngasentshona - kunye elingasempumalanga Urals - i Yenisei. indawo Plain ngumgama oziikhilomitha kancinane ngaphantsi kwezigidi ezintathu square.

Kukho iidipozithi ezininzi yezimbiwa ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa ke eyona nto ibalulekileyo kubo hydrocarbon. I-West Siberian Plain - i-oyile negesi ngokuzala mmandla inkulu Russian Federation kunye nenye nje enkulu ehlabathini.

A indawo enkulu, kwaye ukufana ehlobene isiqabu na isizathu sokuba West Siberian Plain iquka inani elikhulu yendalo kunye nemimandla zemozulu, kwabelwa ecacileyo ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi. Kwiindawo kufutshane Arctic Ocean, uhlobo lubalaseleyo landscape - kumathafa kunye nemigxobhozo enkulu. Ukuya ngasezantsi elimi ngayo iyatshintsha. Tundra emathafeni imiselelwe ziziqithi imithi ezincinane, ukuya ngasezantsi - hlathi, ezibandakanya imithi coniferous, ise ibhanti ngakumbi kumazantsi kwamahlathi avuthulukayo. Malunga yesihlanu-amahlanu engumzekelo amahlathi sobisi emathafeni, namasimi, kwamahlathi nomda Kazakhstan iphantse apho, ngaphandle imimandla amathafa empumalanga.

Ngeminyaka yenkulungwane lokugqibela West Siberian Plain yathotyelwa enamandla impembelelo anthropogenic. Impembelelo kuyaqhubeka unanamhla. Oku kungenxa ekuqaleni zophuhliso ngobuninzi iidipozithi hydrocarbon. Kodwa ngoku iindawo enkulu ngaphandle iidiphozithi ezizizembiwa kuhlala zasendle, ngathi kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo.

iimeko zendalo , nkqu ngama efanayo apha wahlukile kancinci. Oku kungenxa yokuba imozulu okungenanto eSiberia West elandelwayo exhomekeke ubukho umqobo yendalo (phambene) ukukhusela emimoyeni asentshona efudumeleyo, ilele kummandla utshintsho ukusuka ngokulinganisela kwimozulu elizwekazi ukuba kakhulu yezwekazi. Ke ukuba umahluko phakathi ezikhoyo obushushu ehlotyeni nasebusika kwiingingqi ezikufutshane ukuya Urals, wabonisa okwanamhlanje ibhanki lasekhohlo Yenisei River - lo mmandla apho kukho epheleleyo imozulu kabukhali yezwekazi.

umahluko ukuphakama omkhulu ayikho apha, kodwa kukho induli encinci, nezihlambo kunye nemigxobhozo, leyo bazizityebi ingakumbi West Siberian Plain. Inkululeko kubonakala ukuba yakhiwa izakhi (Vasyugan plain Kulundinskaya ranina, Baraba nelezihlambo, njalo njalo), zikhuphisane enye kwenye - enye ngezantsi. Kwaye kuphela emantla nasentshonalanga zaseSiberia akhiwe - ubude ephakeme khilomitha ezisithoba, indawo eliphezulu apho wasinda ngaphaya seemitha ezimakhulu mathathu.

Ngokwahlukeneyo, kufuneka athi malunga imilambo Zasebhofolo Siberian Plain. Phantse wonke ummandla OB isitya uphethe nemingenela eziyintloko Irtysh. Inxalenye mpuma inxalenye kwintili Yenisei River isitya. imithombo yamanzi indawo enikiweyo eninzi. Kodwa ngenxa yohlobo tyaba komlambo kunye nokungabikho umahluko ukuphakama izityalo umbane enkulu phezu kwalo kukho encinane, ngaphandle naseNovosibirsk, ibekwe efikelela kuyo. Nangona amandla omkhulu, ukwakhiwa izityalo lombane kwi ezisezantsi OB naseNovosibirsk ayinakwenzeka, njengokuba kulo mzekelo, iya kukhukuliswa indawo enkulu.