I-Constellation Hydra: indawo kunye nezinto ezinomdla

Azikho zonke iinkwenkwezi ezinokubonakala ngeso iso. Ezinye imidwebo yasezulwini iquka izibane ezinjalo ezifunekayo, ubuncinci, iibinki kunye neemeko zokujonga kakuhle. Umzekelo omhle yi-Hydra constellation, eyaziwayo kubahlali abaninzi belifa lentshona yelizwe lethu. Iyaziwa ngobukhulu bayo obukhulu kwaye kunzima ukwahlula izikhanyiso ekubunjweni kwayo.

Indawo

I-Hydra ihlala kwindawo enkulu esibhakabhakeni, kodwa ibhekisela kumaqela e-equatorial, kwaye ngoko kunokwenzeka ukuyigcina ngokupheleleyo kuphela kumazantsi aseRashiya. Ukuze ufumane i-constellation, kufuneka ufumane omakhelwane ababonakalayo. Itholakala ngasentla kwimidwebo yasezulwini yeNtombi kunye neNgonyama. Iphuzu eliqaqambileyo likaHydra, inkwenkwezi yeAlfabhe, ifumane kufuphi ne-Regulus (i-Leo Alpha). Umbonakaliso obalaseleyo wesibonakaliso se-zodiac ka-Agasti ubuxoki kumntla we-alpha yomfanekiso ochazwe wasezulwini.

I-constellation yeHydra ibonakala kakuhle ukusuka ngoFebruwari ukuya kuMatshi. Baza kuyancomeka ukuba kukho imozulu ecacileyo kwaye akukho mbane wokufakelwa. Ukuba akunakwenzeka ukufumanisa i-constellation Hydra, isithunzi esivela kwi-Intanethi, kuquka indawo yazo zonke izinto zayo, kuya kunceda ukwazi.

I-behemoth eqhelekileyo

Naphezu kobuthathaka, i-constellation ingowokudala. Kukhankanywe kwikhathalogu yePtolemy, ehlanganiswe kwikhondo yesibini yexesha lethu. Kukho iHydra, nangona kunjalo, kuthiwa "Inyoka yamanzi". Mhlawumbi, idibene nenye yeengcamango malunga nemvelaphi yeenkwenkwezi. Kulo, unkulunkulu ongumGrike uApollo wathumela ingqungquthela yamanzi. Wenza ikhomishini, kodwa kunye nobutshongo obunikela ubomi wayiphakamisa isitya senyoka. Uothixo onomsindo wagxotha bonke abathathi-nxaxheba esibhakabhakeni. Ngoko kwakukho iindidi zeNyoka yamanzi, iCrow kunye ne-Bowl.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, nangona kunjalo, umzekelo wasezulwini uhambelana noLernaean Hydra, oko uHercules ayenayo ngexesha lakhe lesibini. I-monster enkulu eneentloko eziliqela kunye nokuphefumula okunobuthi kwakungapheli. Akuyena wonke umntu owayekwazi ukujamelana nayo. Kwindawo yekhanda elikhuniweyo, ezimbini ezitsha zabonakala ngokukhawuleza. Iqhawe liyakwazi ukunqoba i-monster ngoncedo lwe-Iolaus. Ekukhunjweni koothixo babeka uHydra esibhakabhakeni.

Intliziyo yenyoka

I-Constellation Hydra ine-luminari eyodwa kuphela. Lo yi-Alphafa, i-alpha yomfanekiso wasezulwini. Igama leenkwenkwezi lihunyushwa ngokuthi "lodwa", eliphinde ligxininise ukungabikho kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezikufutshane. Kwakhona, isibane sinamagama amaninzi angaphantsi kwamagama: Intliziyo yeHydra, Intliziyo yeNyoka Enkulu, Inyoka eSebenzi. Ukukhanya kwayo kuqikelelwa kwi-1.98 ubukhulu.

I-Alphadi yinkqubo yesithathu. Icandelo eliphambili liphindwe ngama-40 likhulu kuneLanga ngobukhulu kwaye libhekisela kwiimpawu zokukhanya. Ejikelezileyo ijikeleza inkwenkwezi encinci kabini. I-Alfard isuswa kwi-Sun malunga neminyaka eyi-177 yokukhanya.

Kwiimbali zakudala zesiTshayina, i-Alpha Hydra ibizwa ngokuba yi-Red Bird. Isizathu salokhu akunzima ukufumana - kwanele ukufumana inkwenkwezi esibhakabhakeni. It has tinge ebomvu.

Ukutshatyalaliswa kweWave

Nangona kunjalo, u-Alfardus akagcini nje ehlotshiswe nge-constellation Hydra. Iskimu salo mdwebo wasezulwini kuquka izinto ezinomdla ezininzi. Omnye wabo nguR Hydra, inkwenkwezi eyahlukahlukileyo yohlobo lwe-Mira Kita. Ukusuka eMhlabeni kuhlukaniswe iminyaka engama- 538 . Ukukhanya kungokwimifino ebomvu yeklasi ye-spectral M.

Ukhanyiso olubonakalayo R Hydra luhluka kwi-3.21 ukuya kwi-11.00 ubukhulu. Ixesha apho isibonakaliso sitshintshile ngokukhawuleza malunga neentsuku ezingama-390. I-Hydra iyaziwa ngeendlela ezininzi ngenxa yokuba ngo-2006 i-telescope ye-Spitzer okanye i-orbital yenza umfanekiso wayo kwi-infrared range. Umfanekiso ubonisa ngokucacileyo ukutshitshiswa kwomswakda owenziweyo xa umcimbi we-interstellar ugobhoza njengoko usondela kwisikhanyiso. Umda obhalwe phantsi ufumaneka kumgama weeyunithi eziyi-16.29 zeenkwenkwezi ezivela kwinto. Ubungakanani bokutshatyalaliswa kwe-wave wave, ngokutsho koososayensi, ngu-6.188 a. E. Inkwenkwezi ihamba ngesivinini sama-50 km / s. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwayo, okukhawuleza kunokuba ubunzima bayo, bubangaphezu kwama-400 ngaphezu kweplanethi yethu. Isithokiso esifanayo sale nkcazo safunyanwa ngethuba lokuqala ngombala obomvu .

Nebulae kunye nemiqolo

Yintoni enye "enokuziqhayisa" iqhwa lase Hydra? Iifoto zezinto ezikummandla wazo zibonisa i-nebulae kunye nemiqolo. Ngo-1785, uWilliam Herschel wavula indawo yezemfundo apha, kamva ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Ghost of Jupiter. Le NGPE 3242 ye-nebula. Ingabonwa kwii-telescopes zamatekisi. Ngaphambi kweenkwenkwezi zeenkwenkwezi, ubonakala ngombala omhle ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

I-constellation Hydra iquka iindidi ze-NGC 3923 kunye ne-NGC 3621. Olu hlobo lokugqibela lugqabile ngokwaneleyo ukuba lubonakale kwi-telescope yamatrice.

Amaqela anjalo angabonakaliyo esibhakabhakeni sasebusika, njengoHydra, atyelela ingqalelo kuphela yinkwenkwezi yezinto ezinzulu ezingezizo. Nangona kunjalo, apha, phakathi kwezibane ezikhanyayo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezinomdla ukuhlola. I-Alphadi, iigalaxi ne-nebulae, iinkwenkwezi ezincinane kunye nabancinci abantsundu - i-Hydra eyongeziweyo isisityebi kwiimpawu zezilwanyana eziziwayo kunye namaziko.