Gioachino Rossini kaThixo "Barber waseSeville": Isishwankathelo

Comedy ngu Pierre Beaumarchais 'I Barber waseSeville "yaye" Ukutshata of Figaro ", ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, baba aziwa i-French Revolution, njengoko kwakusebenza kakhulu kwaye ebhaliweyo malunga nesihloko bemini. Ayimangalisi into yokuba, umzekelo, ibali lokuqala kwezi edlalwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo yaba isiseko mdlalo opera ngayo. Ngokukodwa, ngowe-1816 umsebenzi ofanayo esibhaliweyo umqambi Italian Dzhoakkino Rossini. "I Barber waseSeville" in version yakhe ayiphumelelanga ngexesha okomhlaba. Namhlanje, Noko ke, ezinye kwiindawo kulo msebenzi unokuviwa eekonsathi ezininzi kakhulu eyahlekileyo ye emculweni.

Rossini biography de 1816

Ngaphambi kokuchaza indlela opera "I Barber waseSeville" kwathiwa isishwankathelo ezabhalwa ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ngokuba ngubani umbhali wayo. Ngoko ke, Dzhoakkino Rossini wazalwa ngo-1792 kwidolophu Italian ka Pesaro, usapho imvumi kunye player isigodlo. ubuchule bakhe entsimini umculo esafunyanwa ekuseni kakhulu, yaye ngoko nangoko abazali wathumela inkwenkwe ukufunda Bologna.

Okokuqala opera umqambi mfana ( "Lo Mthetho osaYilwayo umtshato," 1810) Wamsa ingqalelo uluntu, kwaye kule minyaka-2 ezayo Rossini akalambathi kwee-odolo. Ngaphezu koko, wabhala imisebenzi "Tancredi" yaye "L'Italiana e Algeri", nolwathi lwalandelwa isimemo ukusebenza ngenxa yemidlalo yeqonga "La Scala".

Imvelaphi "I Barber waseSeville"

Ngowe-1816 Dzhoakkino Rossini basayina isivumelwano kunye yeqonga Arzhentino yamaRoma phantsi apho, eganelwe ubhale opera entsha zomkhosi. Ngokutsho nkqubo okhoyo ngelo xesha, lo mdlalo kwafuneka ukuba mazingeniswe ukwenzela kokwamkelwa kweso censors, kodwa akukho nanye ukhetho ayizange ivume. Xa ixesha phambi zomkhosi kancinane, ingcamango umqambi comedy Beaumarchais kaThixo "I Barber waseSeville," nto leyo waba sele kathathu yaba isiseko ibali ngendlela opera oliliso Italian, bagqiba ekubeni ukuba uye wandibetha umendo, nje ukuba akayaphula ikhontrakthi.

Inkqubo yokudala opera kunye noMphathiswa Prime

Ngokukhawuleza emva kokufumana imvume censors, Rossini waya kusebenza yaye ndayigqiba ngexesha yerekhodi, axabisa malunga zizonke kwiintsuku eziyi-13. Ke ukuba lo mdlalo, ngokutsho apho, imeko opera Sevilla, kunye nexesha - ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-18, oko kwabhalwa ngu ezinjengoCesare Sterbini.

Oku yindlela opera "I Barber waseSeville," nto leyo phantse kwiminyaka engama-200 ikhona kuphunyeziwe amakhulu kweemveliso. Noko ke, umlungiseleli inzala inkulumbuso Rossini waya kakubi kakhulu. Inyaniso yokuba ngo-1782 imveliso kunye ibali elifanayo isikhanyiso ebhaliweyo opera Italian Dzhovanni Paiziello, owaba a lot of abalandeli. Ukubonakala inguqulelo entsha ye-yokugqibela kwabonakala nambeko umntu akhulileyo umninindlu, yaye booed abadlali, enza kwiindawo yi Rossini. Nangona ukungaphumeleli iphambili, ukusebenza kwesibili kwenzeka, yaye kwenziwa ukuba akukho ukucaphukisa umbhali, kunye ubungqondi Paganini. Umphumo waba nje esahlukileyo, kunye nababukeli ancome, nokuba ubambe umngcelele itotshi ukuze kuzukiswe Rossini.

mnyakazo

abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba Rossini kaThixo "Barber waseSeville" kwifomu apho kuyo eyaziwa namhlanje, yahlukile kule yokuqala. Ngokukodwa, endaweni yonke mnyakazo eziqhelekileyo olungaphambi kokuvela mdlalo abalinganiswa kwi ababukeli iphambili wamema Medley bokuhlala zeengoma Spanish intsomi umdaniso, nto leyo lokuphinda emoyeni Seville. Ngaphezu koko, kwabakho ibali umcuphi: phambi komsebenzi yesibini wabonisa ukuba lenqaku yanyamalala. Ke Rossini, ogama ubuvila e-Italy iye yaba ngundaba-mlonyeni, nje rummaged onke amaphepha akhe waza wafumana mnyakazo ebhaliweyo yimveliso engagqitywanga. Yaba yena lowo ukususela ngoko waqala isandi ixesha ngalinye waqala enye show-nokusindlekwa opera "I Barber waseSeville." Ngaphezu koko, uncuthu efanayo kwiiyantlukwano ezahlukeneyo, naphambi ekwakusetyenzwa yi umqambi ngexesha here.

"I Barber waseSeville." Ushwankathe- Act I: I umfanekiso

Indlu ka Dr. Bartolo, Rosina uhlala, leyo xa uqala owayo uthandana Count Almaviva. Ukhuthaza iimvumi, ngoko ke batsho ngentswahla i misindo phantsi efestileni yendlu yakhe. Noko ke, angaqinisekanga yiya balcony, yaye lo mfana wadana. Apha uza Figaro - i humorist wengingqi kunye iinwele, okwaziyo ukubala indlela lilinono odumileyo. Almaviva ungena ukuncokola naye kwaye ucela imali ukumnceda atshate Rosina. Figaro ngovuyo uvuma. Abantu baqala ukwenza isicwangciso, kodwa yena ephuma endlwini Bartolo, lowo wayethetha yedwa, kwaye kuyakudiza injongo yayo ukutshata nangoko yewadi yakhe. Lususwe, kwaye Count, ndeyisekile ukuba le xesha akunto ukuthintela kwakhona ukubona intanda yakhe ahlabele misindo egameni Lindor oculayo. Rosina kuqala esabela kuye kwivaranda, kodwa ke ngesiquphe iqhuba off. Figaro icebisa Almaviva ukutshintsha lijoni uye Bartolo. Kukho igrafu kufuneka bamele ukunxila, ngubani na qiniseka ukuba wathunyelwa ukuba alinde nje kule ndlu.

Isishwankathelo II I ngeso senzo

Iziganeko ezenzeka endlwini Bartolo. Iqala picture II (ndingenza opera "I Barber waseSeville") bendlela Rosina kaThixo, apho yena uyacula malunga uthando lwakhe Leandro. Kuthi ngelo xa afike ekhaya Bartolo kunye kaBasilio kamva - utitshala womculo ntombazana. He chazela ugqirha ukuba ngamarhe Rosina no Almaviva, njengokuba abathandi. Bartolo liyakhathaza kaBasilio uhlabelela bendlela odumileyo malunga lokusinyemba. Kule imeko elilandelayo, Figaro uxelela intombi ngothando Leander ixela ukuba abhale ileta eya kulo mfana. Kubonakala ukuba Rosina sele yenziwe, kwaye ngovuyo iinwele ithatha imisebenzi ngunoposi. Bartolo bonke abarhanelwa kwaye asibeke Woman phantsi yokutshixa kunye isitshixo.

Ivela Almaviva, wazenza mntu wumbi, njengomphumi-mkhosi. Nangona iziqinisekiso oogqirha ukuba endlwini yakhe ekhululekile billeting, Count uyala ukuba emke ngokuzolileyo Rosina kwenza kucace ukuba yena fan Lindor yakhe. Bartolo uzama ngokugxotha "lijoni", ngubani uqala ukwenza engxakini. Ngu kokulwa yomlomo bazibandakanye njengoko kaBasilio, Figaro kunye intombazana. Ingxolo umdla ingqalelo yabalindi wesixeko, kodwa Almaviva akazange abanjwe, njengoko uxelela igama lakhe nesikhundla yegosa.

"I Barber waseSeville": umxholo womfanekiso I Act II

Almaviva ukuba Bartolo kwimo utitshala womculo, okuthiwa weza indawo kaBasilio abagulayo. Ngenxa yoku, libalahlekise "ukunika isifundo" Rosina. duet yabo ayinjalo Bartolo ugqiba ukubonisa umfundi kunye 'utitshala', nto leyo iingoma kunye nendlela ukucula.

Figaro Kufika achebe Bartolo nokunikelwa. Nangona ugqirha uhlala nomntu ubuso lathered, Count uyavumelana Intandokazi yokuphuma. Ngequbuliso kaBasilio, kodwa Figaro, Almaviva kunye Rosina aqalile azixelele ukuba uza waba nomkhuhlane. Earl ilawula ukuba foist le isipaji ngutitshala - yaye yena abuyele ekhaya, "ukuba siphathwe". Bartolo uqala ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wayezama ukukhohlisa, kwaye ukhupha konke kodwa Rosina, nabakhonzazana.

isenzo Iziqulatho II Scene II

Le orchestra udlala Isiqwenga misebenzi ngu Rossini, "Touchstone". Ngaphezu koko, lo opera "I Barber waseSeville" kuyaqhubeka kumgangatho wesibini wendlu ka Bartolo. It eyibhangisa window kwaye egumbini ukungena Count kunye Figaro. Rosina Almaviva ityhila ungubani ntiyiso intombazana de ngoko ingqalelo kuye umculi Lindor. Sikunye Le Figaro, yena eqinisekisa ukuba basinde. Kodwa ndafumanisa ngomzuzu wokugqibela ukuba leri apho abantu abatsha awayesendlwini wanyamalala. Njengokuba kwenzeka kamva, nto Wavuthela Bartolo, obeye izivumelwano.

Apha kuza izivumelwano kunye kaBasilio, Bartolo wabangela ukuba ubhalise umtshato phakathi kwakhe Rosina. Almaviva isicengo, uyaninyanga bobabini bagqibe umtshato phakathi kwakhe intombazana, kodwa wabuyela Bartolo. Le izivumelwano makangqinisise ikhontrakthi lomtshato, kwaye ke kukho ugqirha, kunye nabalindi. Bartolo wamxelela ukuba akukho kutshintshwa, kwaye kwafuneka ukuba ukwamkela nakwizibetho zabo, ingakumbi njengoko Almaviva renounces ikhazi umfazi wakhe. Xa bebonke acule bendlela lokugqibela loxolelaniso.

Ukuveliswa yokuqala "I Barber waseSeville" in Russian

Ukutyhubela ngenkulungwane ye-19, ubugcisa opera eRashiya gqitha ukuthandwa engaqhelekanga. Ngaphezu koko, zemidlalo ezikhethekileyo eyayikho nje kuphela elikomkhulu kodwa kumaphondo. Umzekelo, imveliso yokuqala "I Barber waseSeville" lwaqhutywa ngo-1821 e Odessa kwilizwe lethu. Lo mdlalo waba Italian kwaye yaba yimpumelelo enkulu. Emva konyaka, "The Barber waseSeville", isishwankathelo eyaziwa bonke abathandi opera, wavuswa eSt Petersburg. Ukususela ngelo xesha, yena uhlala kwi nkulu ka inkampani opera yaseItali e North kwikomkhulu, kunye namaxesha ezininzi bendlela Rosina kukaThixo ukuba enze odumileyo Polina Viardo.

"I Barber waseSeville" kwi Mariinsky Theatre

Ngowe-1783 uCatherine II wayalela ukumisela eSt Petersburg Bolshoi Theatre, apho kamva ngokutsha imbeko uKumkanikazi Maria Alexandrovna. Ngo-Oktobha 1882 kwakukho sicinywa lokuqala "I Barber waseSeville." I Mariinsky Ithiyetha uye wabandakanyeka ekwenziweni abadlali okusemandleni alo. Ngoko ke, lo iqela Bartolo eyenziwa yi F. Stravinsky (uyise ka umqambi odumileyo Stravinsky), Almaviva - P. A. Lody, Rosina - M. A. Slavina kunye Figaro - Prianishnikov. "Le Barber waseSeville" Mariinsky Theatre okwesibini ebekwe ngoMatshi 1918, kunye inxaxheba Rostov, Volevach, Karakash, Serebryakov, Losev, Denisov kunye Stepanova. Ukongezelela, kwakukho imidlalo emibini - ngo-1940 no-1958. Ngo-Oktobha 2014, lo iphambili "I Barber waseSeville" kunye I. Selivanov E. Umerov, O. Pudova, Korotich, F. Kuznetsov kunye E. Sommer.

Famous imvumi bendlela Rosina

It nje Kwenzeka ukuba kwiindawo ezininzi ethandwa ababhinqileyo phakathi abathandi umculo weklasiki. Ngokukodwa, phakathi ezininzi eyenziwa rhoqo ziquka ingoma leyo uyacula Rosina ( "I Barber waseSeville" yi Rossini) ekuqaleni lo mfanekiso II Act I). Enye beqonga best kuthathwa Maria Callas, ngubani likwazile ukudlulisa ngokugqibeleleyo engenangqondo le meko. Ngapha koko, umxholo kwiindawo zilandelayo: Rosina akayi engqondweni ukutshata kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ibe ngumkakhe ukuzithoba, kodwa kuphela xa iqabane akayi aphikisane naye. Ukuba uthe akafuni udandatheko nazo yakhe, uthembisa ukuba vixen yokwenene kwaye ukutshintsha ubomi bakhe esihogweni.

Njengoko ngokuba iimvumi Russian le bendlela ukusuka opera "I Barber waseSeville", phakathi kwazo ezi A. V. Nezhdanovu, V. V. Barsovu, V. Firsov. Ukongeza, lo msebenzi udumo enye Divas aqaqambe opera ixesha lethu - Anna Netrebko. Hi ndlela leyi, bendlela Rosina kaThixo wenza njengoko ngumdlali weqonga abaneetalente engenakuphikwa becula n Savinova kwi movie "Buya ngomso." Lo mfanekiso yaba yimpumelelo enkulu, kwaye umlinganiswa ophambili - Frosya Burlakov - ukhumbule yonke into.

Bendlela of Figaro

Rossini kaThixo "Barber waseSeville" (isishwankathelo uchazwe apha ngasentla) yaziwa amaqela anomdla ukuba amazwi zabantu. Ngokomzekelo, omnye ethandwa nguye bendlela ka Figaro. Kubhaliwe ukuba Baritone, kwaye iinwele zakhe avuye ukuqhayisa, ye indispensability yayo kubemi nendumiso elilelakhe, bekhwaza "Bayede, Figaro! Bayede, Bravissimo! "A lot of iingcali umculo weklasiki abakholelwa ukuba lo nguye bendlela negalelo yokuba zonke inqwaba nyaka opera ehlabathini ukubeka umdlalo" I Barber waseSeville. " Figaro kuthwelwe eqongeni abaculi abaninzi abadumileyo. Phakathi kwazo ngeke kubizwa ngokuba Muslim Magomayev, yaye amagcisa amazwe - Italian Baritone omkhulu Titta Ruffo.

namanye amaqela

Omnye umdlalo umdla Uyabahombisa opera "I Barber waseSeville", izimvo leyo yi Fedora Shalyapina wahlala wavuya kakhulu - kaBasilio bobabo. Kwakhona wayecula ezifana bass indumasi Ruggero Raimondi, Laszlo Polgar, Ferruccio Furlanetto kunye uPaolo Montarsolo.

"I Barber waseSeville" - yenye yezona opera kakhulu ngokubenza eyakhayo, ubukholiswa ukuphulaphula kubantu bakude umculo weklasiki.