German Truck "Opel Blitz": imbali kunye neempawu

"Opel Blitz" - mhlawumbi ukuba omnye iilori ethandwa yeSibini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi. Lo matshini yaziwa, kuba enobunzima. Sasisazi kwemoto kunye USSR. Kwabakho a version drive-wheel ezine. Kodwa malunga alimazanga ngaphantsi, nangona ngomnye weyona iilori eziphuhlileyo ixesha.

I iilori yokuqala "Opel Blitz", efunyenwe ngohlobo neembasa, Kakade ke, yavus 'umdla wokwenene zonke. Imoto akazange umdla kuphela ngenxa yokuba, de kuye ekupheleni kuka-1941 zonke neembasa afunyenwe nomkhosi, wakhangela ezinqabileyo kakhulu - amajoni ubukhulu becala ngexesha kokurhoxa wabanika izithuthi zabo kunye nabanye abaphikisi izixhobo. Ukuveliswa ushishino German jikelele ukuba ingothusa - ogqibeleleyo kakhulu ngakumbi imishini. Iimoto ezifana drive-wheel ezine "Blitz" kwi USSR kwaye ayikho kwaphela.

umbani

History of the Truck isiJamani "Opel Blitz" yaye inxalenye enye nxaxheba enkulu emfazweni yaqala ngaphezu ngoxolo. Imoto waqala ukwakha ngonyaka 30. Inkampani "Opel", apho kunyaka ophelileyo laba impahla 'Motors Jikelele ", laqalisa uthotho imifuziselo izigadla kunye payload weetoni omnye. I "akwazile", ukudala lo matshini, uqikelele ukuba Reichswehr - ngoko ke umkhosi waseJamani ayahlukanga mhlawumbi ngenkani okanye inkxaso eziphathekayo. Germany ngokukhawuleza kwakufuneka efikelelekayo, ngaxeshanye ethembekileyo elide kule lori.

nezithuthi ezikhulu zezorhwebo kwaye ngoku manqaphanqapha ebizwa ngamagama elifanelekileyo. Kuloo minyaka, le ndlela yenza entsha. Ingakumbi ukuba "Umbane" (oko kukuthi ngentetho evakalayo njenge "Blitz"), ziza kukhawulelana imoto lemidlalo elikhulu okanye jet mbono. Kodwa imoto "Opel Blitz (Lightning)" kwakunzima seluxolweni. Kodwa ngo-1935 le meko iye yatshintsha njengoko amaxesha etshintsha kodwa nangenxa automaker German. Yaba kulo nyaka e Brandenburg wagqiba ukwakha-mveliso yale mihla, apho kwacetywa ukuvelisa iilori kuphela. Ngoku Reich aba matshini zifuna kangangoko kunokwenzeka. I zigxininisa elorini iitoni ukuya ku-3. Lowo weza ehlabathini kwi 37.

Iimpawu kunye neMimiselo

Imoto ngelo xesha lajongwa abafezekileyo. Ndlwana, eyenzelwe abantu abathathu, wakhangela kakhulu nice. Njengoko injini-itankana ezintandathu, amaJamani wasebenzisa iyunithi ilitha-3.6, esalinikwayo 75 hp Kanye iyunithi efanayo xa efakwe imodeli abakhweli flagship brand waseJamani.

Esi sibini Kongezelelwa injini kwisantya ezintlanu-transmission manual olunye-plate bamba owomileyo. Lo matshini kufakwa absorbers umothuko hydraulic. Kwinqanaba umendo "Opel-Blitz" kunye onjalo inxalenye kungaba kukhawuleziswa kwi-90 km / h, ukuba isantya esiphezulu kakhulu ngelo xesha. amafutha aphakathi ukusuka kwiilitha-25 ukuya ku-36 100 km.

Le modeli ngoko zithandwa kakhulu kwi Wehrmacht. Nangona kunjalo, kunye imoto monoprivodnom ukuba kuyimfuneko kakhulu yaye zonke-wheel drive lori. ungenelelo Military kunye namaphulo sele kuqhutyelwa kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi - bona bonke ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho apho umkhosi waya Reich, indlela hayi ebusweni. Inguqulelo osisiseko ngasemva-wheel umthwalo-kwisikhundla 3.3 tonnes izele nobunzima 5800 kg. Engu zalo 37 ukuya 44. Lo matshini waba wamavili ka-3600 mm kunye ubunzima ekunciphiseni elorini yi 2500 kg. Vehicle mayixhotyiswe itanki yamafutha olunye iilitha 82. Le lori Kwakhona lonke ithuba bemlandela erhuqwayo anobunzima ezimbini.

40, libambisene nenguqulo monoprivodnom baqalisa ukuvelisa imodeli bonke-wheel drive. Apha, isantya-ezimbini ibhokisi transfer efakiweyo ukongeza usulelo isantya ezintlanu.

injini

Iyunithi amandla ngamaqashiso 75 enjini kwi ngumqulu 3.6 iilitha. Le injini sele ifakiwe kwi ngemoto "Admiral", yaye ke eqhelekileyo ukuba inkampani. Le torque liphezulu injini siboniswe 3120 Rev / min. ukusebenza injini ungqamene eSoviet ZIS-5, kodwa amaJamani yayisele ezincinane volume-aluminiyam crankcase, intloko cylinder eyenziwe elingqukuva yentsimbi.

le ratio injini ucinezelo waba "umkhweli" kakuhle. Kuba ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo mafutha kufuneka asele amafutha umgangatho kuphela. Oku kushenxisa ngokupheleleyo ithuba usebenzisa amafutha zifakwe kwi-East.

Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ngoJanuwari 1942, "Opel" baqala ukuphuhlisa injini ukulungiswa kunye ucinezelo ratio asezantsi. Ezi nguqu ubazisele unciphiso ngamandla ukuya ku 68 enjini. isantya esiphezulu yehle ku-80 km / h. Lo matshini saba reserve kakuhle weloli mayixhotyiswe itanki yamafutha seelitha 92.

Ngenxa langoku amafutha okongezelelweyo: imoto waqala ukuba zidle ukuya iilitha 30 mgwaqo ophezulu ezikumgangatho malunga Iilitha ezingama-40 xa iimeko off-endleleni.

indawo yediskhi wheel-Four

Iingcali-mbali ishishini leemoto German ngexesha lemfazwe, ababesithi drive Wehrmacht-wheel "Opel Blitz" (ezenzelwe kunyaka 38th) akadalwanga iimfuno zomkhosi. Ndiyakholwa ukuba kunzima kakhulu. Vehicle ngaphezu kuyimfuneko kunye Wehrmacht kunye SS. In Reich waba izicwangciso ezinkulu. Kwaye ngubani, ukuba inkampani, "Opel", ukuba bayile kwaye ukwakha umatshini enjalo. Base kuthelekiswa imodeli monoprivodnom ndandimfutshane kancinci. ilori Standard uba isiseko ka-3600 mm. Ngemva elorini ne motor ubuyiselwe umva. Clearance washiya efanayo njengoko kwakunjalo. Kuyinto ulingana ngemilimitha 225. Kuba truck-enendawo ayikho kakhulu. Amavili angasemva zifakelwe. Ngenxa ilori imoto ezilungileyo yanyukela degrees 40.

Kwinkqubo transmission, njengoko sele sibonile, siba songeze ibhokisi transfer. ratio yayo ngu-1: 1,93. Ngelo xesha yenze usuke kumqolo ongentla ze iigiyeri asezantsi abanokuba etyhalela - udinga nje ukuba usebenzise ukucudisa double clutch. Kwabo minyaka, esi sakhiwo bekusoloko lwepaki.

wheel drive-Four - i nokwanda kunye namathuba engakumbi ezindleleni. Kodwa ezi eziluncedo ziyaphunyezwa imibingelelo eninzi. Ngenxa yoko, ukwanda okugqiba kwabafundi, kunye nalo eyonyukileyo kunye amafutha. On data yokundwendwela Truck "Opel Blitz" Kwafuneka ukuba zidle ukuya iilitha ezingama-40. Amafutha asele intshukumo apho kungekho ndlela. Kodwa ke kufuneka ke ukuba, waya apho amajoni aseJamani kwi aba matshini, amafutha wayengekho ebalulekileyo. isantya esiphezulu wemoto osemendweni yi-85 km / h.

Iimvavanyo zibonise ukuba truck modeli alwa kakuhle imisebenzi yayo. Ngoko ke, ngo-1940, imoto ezizakusebenza manqaku. Iimvavanyo yokuqala isabelo yesithuthi yorhwebo ukukhanya kuye kwenzeka kwi-41 kunyaka th. Lo matshini lwavavanywa eAfrika - ngeelori ethengelwe inkonzo angaphathi Rommel kaThixo.

Ukuswela nobunzima

Wheel drive version of "Opel Blitz" (jonga ifoto kweli nqaku), sifumana ngcono kakhulu blitzkrieg ezicwangcisiweyo. War for eJamani, nokuba ihlabathi liphela ibuye ibe yintlekele wamagazi enkulu. Yeva abantu kuphela, kodwa iteknoloji, yaye kuquka iimoto. Vumela zimoto aseJamani efezekileyo, kodwa aba ekwindla ka-1941 sele ngokoqobo egxile eludakeni Russian. kuneqabaka Winter iinjini Russian kuvavanywa ukuze bonke wayeka ukuqala. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, bonke-wheel drive German Truck "Opel Blitz" liye ngokuthe ngcembe i intsilelo.

kokulungiswa

"Blitz" lisetyenziswa phantse zonke zolwakhiwo omkhosi waseJamani. Babazisa imithwalo, ethwele izixhobo, elihamba ithuthwa.

Truck chassis efakwe ezahlukeneyo imifuziselo lwemizimba ngomthi kunye nentsimbi ngeeplanga eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo, neentente elinabasebenzi, izitulo kunye nezinye izixhobo. Ngenxa zokuguqulwa ezahlukeneyo wadala eqongeni. Model "Opel Blitz" yajika ubhetyebhetye kakhulu.

Truck ukuthutha ababuleweyo

Le nkampani isiJamani "lu" ezifakwe kwi ilori elirhangqiweyo isidumbu yococeko apho ukuthutha ababuleweyo wazimisa entsimini yokusebenza kunye elabhoratri. Le nkampani kwakhona ivelisa iilori jikelele nomlilo. Umfuziselo Isiseko Impompo imoto isetyenziswa, yakhiwe eqongeni ngasemva-drive. Ngokwesiseko bonke-wheel itanki drive umlilo zadalwa.

ibhasi W39

Oku mhlawumbi ukuguqulwa kakhulu ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Yakhe onokuyibona efotweni ngezantsi. Yenzelwe ngebhasi umkhosi, beza nabo bonke-metal umzimba. Ngaphakathi kuyo ekula 30-32 umntu. Iveliswe aba matshini 39 ukuya '44. Umfuziselo ibiya ukuthutha amagosa iinjongo nesempilweni.

Ezi iibhasi bahlala kwikomkhulu, ushicilelo. Le lori singakhula isantya kuyafana imodeli base. amafutha kweelitha ubuncinane ngamashumi amathathu nganye km ezilikhulu.

Ukulungisa i "ababekwiPark"

Nge 42 '44 yakhululwa malunga namawaka amane nesiqingatha-umkhondo truck-iitrektara ngokwesiseko "Opel" polnopriovdnogo isisu semoto. Enye iimodeli onokuyibona efotweni ngezantsi. Xa ukulungisa yokusebenzisa iinjini okulula. Le mvume Kwathengwa phambi imfazwe. Truck exhotyiswe obuxhasayo disc izileyi namaculo inkqubo litshintsha isantya ujikelezo.

Yaba enye izithuthi kakhulu yimpumelelo. Lo mfuziselo okwaziyo ukuthatha indawo phakathi iimveliso efanayo "Ford" yaye "Klöckner-Deutz". ubunzima imoto phantse namawaka amathandathu eekhilogram, no-100 km kuyimfuneko iilitha 50 amafutha ngayo. Isantya apho wakwazi ekukhawuleziseni ilori, ukuba akukho iikhilomitha ngaphezulu kwama-38 ngeyure nganye (ngenxa ubunzima ephakamileyo unladen).

Namhlanje ungathenga "Opel Blitz (ababekwiPark)" 1:35. Le ukuhla model echanekileyo. Kuya kuba umdla kwabo banomdla kwimbali yomkhosi ngomatshini. Ngokwesiseko kwisisu semoto wadala kunye nezinye uguqulelo kancinane, kunjalo - ezi ezona ziphambili, kwaye edumileyo.

"Blitz" emva kwemfazwe

Ngexesha lasehlotyeni ngo-1944, emva kokuba bombing olunzulu,-mveliso emibini "Opel" inciphisiwe. Ukuveliswa kwezi iilori makongezelwe elinye ixesha kwi "Daimler-Benz". Emva kwemfazwe zonke izixhobo wasiwa eSoviet Union, yaye "Opel" kunye baseMelika ngokutsha imveliso yaye waqhubeka ukuvelisa ezi iilori.

Emva iya kukhululwa "Opel Bedford-Blitz" iminyaka embalwa, nto leyo eya kuba iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa kunye nezixhobo. Kodwa elo lelinye ibali.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke ndicinge ukuba ngembali Truck "Opel Blitz". IsiJamani "Lightning" - i-analogue of "lori" Gorky kaThixo. Kodwa izixhobo zethu eSoviet waba singapheli kakhulu ngakumbi. Truck "akwazile" wala ukuqala phezulu kuneqabaka kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuba bahlale "ngesisu" ngenxa kugqitywe 22-sentimitha. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le matshini ingabonwa kuphela xa umboniso museum okanye iipateni ukwehla ngokuqokelela zabucala.