Examination kwamangqina kunye nexhoba

Le ngemibuzo ingqina yaye ixhoba incoko procedural, ngexesha apho umphandi ifumana zonke iinkcukacha zayo umdla malunga iimeko zolwaphulo-mthetho, ngoko nokhupho lonke ulwazi kwingxelo lokuqhubeka ngokuyisebenzisa oko njengobungqina ityala umrhanelwa. Aba bantu kuthiwa ukungqina kuphela ajenda ekufuneka kudluliselwa kubo buqu okanye data afunyenwe ngabemi ngokusebenzisa ulawulo kwindawo yomsebenzi okanye isifundo.

ingqina

Wabiza bagqugula elandelwayo umphandi kuphela kwi-ajenda, lobeka izizathu apho abantu bamele beze, kunye neziphumo zokungaphumeleli yakhe ukuba ivele. Ingqina ngumntu oyaziyo naziphi na iimeko ityala phantsi kophando. Phambi ummi uya kungqina, ufanele walumkisa malunga uxanduva ulwazi bobuxoki.

Iimviwo kwamangqina ongeke uhlale ngaphezu kweeyure ezine, ngoko ke kufuneka wenze ikhefu kangangeyure. Emva koko, umphandi uya kuba nako ukuqhubeka ukuqhubeka incoko nendoda. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ezi bantu uhlolisiso akakwazi kuhlala ngaphezu kweeyure ezisibhozo ngosuku.

Ngemibuzo amangqina lungenziwa phambi umdlali okhuselayo, kwaye ngaphandle uncedo okulungisa. Ukongeza, abantu abaye ayifikanga ukuba uneminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu ziya bancinwa kuphela xa kukho abazali okanye ootitshala babo. Igqwetha kulo mzekelo nga lokucebisa ukunceda ukuba uphendule ngokuchanekileyo imibuzo yomphandi.

Uviwo kwamangqina abangazange uwagqibile amashumi elinesine, kufuneka kubeka kwenziwa phambi utitshala. Ukongeza, ezi abantu Abalumkiswa malunga uxanduva ubungqina bobuxoki.

Emva kokuba iimviwo wamangqina igqityiwe, kufuneka balujongisise ngenyameko iphepha ngalinye protocol, wandula ke wayiphakamisa utyikityo lwakho.

Enkundleni,

Kulo mzekelo, i ngemibuzo ingqina akusayi kuba incoko, kuba kuya kufuneka baphendule ngokungqongqo imibuzo ebuzwa nxaxheba eziliqela. Emva koko, ukufundwa data ebhalwe umbhalo we zetyala. Ngaphambi kokuba umntu uqala ukuphendula imibuzo, oko livuselelwe malunga uxanduva ulwazi bobuxoki. Emva koko osayina kunye kuNobhala.

Le ngemibuzo ubungqina enkundleni iqala kwelinye icala inkqubo, ngokoko athe wacelwa ukuba ubungqina. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko kwenziwa emva ixhoba sele uphendulile yonke imibuzo yegqwetha kunye nomtshutshisi.

Le ngemibuzo lingqina kwetyala kufuneka kuqhutywa ngendlela yokuba abanye beza le njongo abemi musa ukuva ubungqina bakhe. Ngoko ke wabiza kwelo gumbi enye kwenye, yaye abanye ngokulinda epasejini.

isicelo

Kunokuba luncedo zombini kwinqanaba yophando lokuqala kunye enkundleni ukubonisa zimsulwa umtyholwa, okanye ngolunye uhlobo. Kulo mzekelo, oko kuchazwe zombini ngomlomo nangokubhala. Kwimeko yesibini, isicelo esinjalo kufuneka senziwe protocol.

Ukuze kugqitywa kwingxelo ngolu hlobo.

_____________ Igama emzimbeni (yinkundla okanye ATS)

post _________________

ummeli _______________

omele _____________

Isicelo awayencinwa lingqina

Le _________ (igama emzimbeni) inombolo yetyala ____ ___________ ummi ngezityholo lokwenza zolwaphulo _______ inqaku le-Code Criminal. Iimeko ukuze sihambelane uphando kunye kwetyala ukukhusela __________ umntu ukuqinisekisa ubungqina __________. Ndicela ukubuza ukuba kubiza i-ajenda.

Igqwetha __________ (umhla, isiginitsha).

Kwimeko apho ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu isicelo ancinwe ubungqina akayi kwaneliswa kunye negosa lowo kujongwe, kunokwenzeka ukuba isibheno kwala enkundleni kunye namanye amagunya eziphezulu.

isisulu

Ixhoba kule meko iya kuba ngumntu zenyama lubangelwe yi ukubandezeleka emzimbeni nasengqondweni le nolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwe naye. Ngokutsho ngokwemimiselo yomthetho, umphandi sigqibe kuphela ukuba umntu lowo ubunzima ngenxa neenjongo zomgaqo umrhanelwa, yaye ukungqina oku kuphela unelungelo enkundleni. Ukongeza, njengenxalenye naliphi na inqanaba ngummi owenzakeleyo usenokufaka ibango lembuyekezo umonakalo yokuziphatha kuye ngoxa elinde ukuba kugqitywe ngawo ityala ngokuyimfuneko.

Ixhoba ebizwa ngokuba ngemibuzo ajenda kuphela, apho umhla kunye nexesha, ngokunjalo kufuneka eze kuvela phambi umphandi nje lowo. Olu xwebhu inikwa umntu irisithi ebonisa komhla wokufunyanwa kwalo. Kwimeko yokuba ixhoba wayengekho ekhaya, i-ajenda iyafumaneka ukuba naliphi na ilungu omdala entsapho yakhe. Kwakhona, eli xwebhu idluliselwe ixhoba ngokusebenzisa ulawulo kwindawo yomsebenzi okanye isifundo.

Ukuba ungummi ayikwazi ukuba isizathu esivakalayo ukuza umphandi, kufuneka wazise ngalo, kungenjalo kube ngaphansi lokuvalelwa. Lo mgaqo mnye uya kusetyenziswa umntu abize ancinwe njengengqina kweli tyala.

Imfuneko incoko yenkqubo kunye ixhoba kunxulumene kakhulu yokuba uphando iye yakwazi kwixesha elizayo sithembele ngokunika ubungqina bakhe nokusebenzisa njengoko ubungqina nxamnye umtyholwa. Kunye nonobangela efanayo injongo ukuba azokubuzwa njengoko lingqina ngummi ngubani okanye ungabachazela arhente zokunyanzelisa umthetho malunga nolwaphulo ogqibeleleyo.

oma-

Le ngemibuzo lingqina kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho, nto leyo ethe bengekafiki kwiminyaka eli-18 kufuneka zenziwe kuphela xa kukho utitshala. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ukhe awafumana ntshikilelo kakhulu emphefumlweni xa siqhubana umphandi. Lo mgaqo mnye uyasebenza amaxhoba ezincinane. Kulo mzekelo kulo ngemibuzo ibe nabameli zomthetho langoku.

Xa incoko enye zenkqubo uneempawu zawo:

- abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16 ayikwazi kuba nabutyala ngokunika inkcazelo ebubuxoki;

- uphando kwi Hearing lixoxwe ngaphaya komkhusane ezivaliweyo.

oda

Phambi kokuba imibuzo kwamangqina enkundleni inkundla lisusa ezinye kwinkqubo, kwaye balindele umnxeba yabo epasejini. Joint ngokunika ubungqina amangqina kule meko akuvumelekanga. Ezi nketho kuphela iimeko apho idatha ukwazisa abemi wamema enkundleni, kukho umahluko omkhulu. Ngoko ke ukuze bachithe ungquzulwano kwaye ufumanise ukuba yeyiphi kubo uxela inyaniso.

Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise ebuza lingqina kwityala lolwaphulo kwintlanganiso, ijaji icela uxwebhu esiqinisekisa ukuba ngubani lo mntu, uze ke nokutshekishwa ulwazi kunye namazwi akhe. Emva koko a imiqondiso ummi nekuNobhala nokulungiselela uxanduva Criminal kumyalezo isilumkiso kwinkqubo yolwazi olungeyonyaniso.

Emva kwako konke okusemthethweni zithotyelwe, iqala bebuzana amangqina. Code of Criminal Procedure ukwathi igosa elongameleyo kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kuloo mntu ithile na ummangalelwa, asiyiyo yokugqibela isihlobo sakhe. Ngenxa kulo mzekelo, ngummi anokuyisebenzisa weSiqendu 51 loMgaqo-siseko kunye nenkunkuma ukungqina.

UNobhala uya ukurekhoda zonke iinkcukacha kule ngxelo. Process, amaqela ukubuza imibuzo nayo, uqala umtshutshisi, ukuba amangqina omenyiweyo ubungqina ukukhusela nexhoba. Emva koko buza imibuzo lejaji nomgwebi.

iinkonzo zokhuseleko

ingqina ngalinye usebenzise iinkonzo nomkhuseli onamava, ukuze ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi ngokuchanileyo ukungqina, mazingabhidaniswa kwimiba umphandi. Kungenxa yoko le nto umntu wokuqala lifumana ngokusisulu nee-arhente zokunyanzelisa umthetho, inokuba Edidekile, ukongeza, akazi indlela aziphathe ngayo ingxoxo yenkqubo ngayiphi imibuzo yomphandi kufuneka ukunika iimpendulo ezichanekileyo ngokupheleleyo iimeko zolwaphulo-mthetho.

Igqwetha ngexesha ngemibuzo ingqina banandiphe onke nomkhuseli amalungelo, unako ukucebisa umxhasi wakhe ukwenza izimvo ezibhaliweyo, ekufuneka kubeka ziqukwe protocol. Ukongeza, kunye imvume umphandi, ummi unelungelo lokubuza imibuzo ukucacisa zonke iimeko ityala phantsi kophando.

Igqwetha uza kuchazela ubungqina amalungelo akhe, kuquka uxanduva belele ngokunika ubungqina eyinyaniso kwimeko, uya kuyilungisa naye ngokwengqondo phambi ngemibuzo.

Ukongeza, i-Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo Ubonelela ngokucacileyo ukuba inxaxheba ummeli ngexesha iingxoxo yenkqubo kunye okuzibonela, ngaphandle kokuba, kakade, bafuna uncedo lwakhe. Ukuziqhelisa, oko kwenzeka kakhulu kunene, kuba iinkonzo igqwetha imali eninzi kakhulu, yaye hayi bonke ubungqina abanokufikelela kuzo, ingakumbi xa kukho imfuneko ethile.

indawo

Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuba ngemibuzo ingqina kuphela ajenda kunye nebhunga karhulumente uziphatha zonke uphando. Ngenxa yokuba ummeli inkqubo zokunyanzeliswa komthetho azifane inika ingxoxo wenkqubo kunye nabantu abangaphandle kwe-ofisi yakhe. Ngexesha ngemibuzo, kubalulekile ukuba akukho kwababemi wayengekho, kwaye kufuneka abone ukuba onke amazwi athethwa zabhalwa kwimizuzu.

Emva abaphandi wachaza ubungqina, ubacacisela kuye onke amalungelo kunye nemisebenzi ezo ukunika ingcaciso eyinyaniso ityala kuphela xa sikhokelo umthetho, yaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, sebenzisa into. 51 loMgaqo-siseko.

Imibuzo ebuzwa umntu yeenkqubo yedwa, ngaphandle kwabanye ngoku, ukuba kukho abantu kule ofisi, ngoko ke kufuneka baphume ngexesha lendaba. Emva ukulandela ukugqiba lokuncinwa unika ingxelo ezalisiweyo ukuba zifundwe ubungqina, obeka ngakwisiginitsha yakhe ukuba ndaqhelana naye.

ixesha

Imibuzo we ubungqina umphandi ayikwazi kuba ngaphezu kweeyure ezine. Emva koko kufuneka wenze nekhefu ukuphumla kunye nokutya, ngoko ungaqhubeka. Xa zizonke, lo ngemibuzo ongeke uhlale ngaphezu kweeyure ezisibhozo ngosuku. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ityala ngokwaneleyo enkulu phantsi kophando kwaye ufuna ukuchazelwa kwiinkalo ezithile, umphandi uya kumema ukuba amangqina obekwa ukuze angqine ngosuku olulandelayo.

Biza irhafu

Ngelishwa, akukho amagosa zokunyanzelisa umthetho kuphela ukuqhuba ingxoxo yenkqubo kunye namangqina kweli tyala. Abanalo ilungelo elifanayo njengoko wabahloli werhafu. Kulo mzekelo, ifowuni nkqubo ndawo mayicaciswe gca.

Inye kuphela kucacile ukuba ubungqina yokubuza irhafu kufuna phambi kwakhe. Ngoko ke, lo ummi uyamenywa ukuba kwingxoxo yeenkqubo ezo zidumbu, kulindeleke ukuba afike kule dilesi ichaziweyo, kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuchaza iimeko eziyimfuneko kusaphandwa amatyala.

I-ajenda yale ubungqina kulo mzekelo zinganikezelwa buqu okanye sithunyelwe ngeposi ebhalisiweyo. Kulo non-ukuvela kwikota echazwe kwi irhafu ngaphandle kwesizathu elungileyo, oko unokohlwaywa okuhle kwisixa ziliwaka engange.

Inkqubo yoviwo kwengqina eyenziwa apha ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

- ummi yokuqala uyazi amalungelo kunye neemfanelo, lo gama kuthatha ithuba Inqaku 51 loMgaqo-siseko kunye abafuni ukungqina, kodwa kuphela xa kokwabo kudidi lwabantu echazwe emyalelweni;

- Ingxelo ngemibuzo igcwaliswe naliphi na igosa, hayi kuphela umhloli, abasoloko usebenza lweshishini ezithile okanye umbutho;

- Emva kokugqiba amaxwebhu ebonisa zonke iinkcukacha kunye nendawo ngeengxoxo procedural, umntu ebuzwa ngayo uyazazi iimeko mthetho, nto leyo kufuneka zibhalwe ephepheni.

Xa igqityiwe uphando, ngummi kufuneka uqinisekise lonke ulwazi olunikiweyo kunye mqondiso.

Ngubani na ube lingqina

Kulo mzekelo, wonke ummi ngubani owaziyo nantoni na malunga zenkohlakalo, unelungelo ukuya emapoliseni kwaye ingxelo ngayo. Kungenxa yoko le nto ingqina ibe kuphela umntu ongelilo isalamane umtyholwa, kwakunye ongumnini ulwazi, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphandeni ityala.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba lokuxoka phantsi kwesifungo bukhatshwa sisohlwayo, phantsi komthetho, ngoko kufuneka ukuba ingxelo kuphela inkcazelo eyinyaniso. Lo mthetho ayisebenzi kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16 ubudala. Kodwa ke oku akuthethi ukuba unako ezonakalisa umntu omsulwa.

ajenda

Ngamnye ummi umnxeba ukuze ancinwe njengengqina kwetyala kufuneka yenzelwe ngokufanelekileyo. Kungenjalo, bekuya kuba mthethweni. Nangona kunjalo, akukho imiphumo enjalo ezingezo-Ukuya akuyi kuba.

Le nto ndiyibhalayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

ummi _________________

Wawuhlala khona _________________

ajenda

Ngokungqinelana neSiqendu 188 CPC, kufuneka uze umphandi, i-ATS ________ ______________ ukuze angqine kwi case number ___________ njengengqina.

Ekubeni kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela okanye enye isazisi.

Kwimeko non-imbonakalo kwixesha elikhankanyiweyo ngaphandle kwesizathu elungileyo, uya kuba phantsi lokuvalelwa, ngokungqinelana ne Art. 113 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo.

Umphandi ___________ (umhla, isiginitsha).

ngumba

Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa kusenziwa, bahlangana kungeyonto ayenza rhoqo. Nangona inkcazo ixesha yimbonakalo kwengqina okanye ixhoba kwiingxoxo procedural, ezi ngongoma zilandelayo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo:

- ukufowunela ubungqina kungcono kwenziwa ngexesha elimlungeleyo ukuseka kumfowunelwa ngokwasengqondweni kunye naye, nto leyo eya kuba kubalulekile ukuba umsebenzi onemveliso kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukusombulula ulwaphulo-mthetho;

- akukho mfuneko ukumema umntu xa umphandi uxakeke gqitha, ngoko musa ukumenza ulinde ngemibuzo elide epasejini, uyadinwa kwaye ayikwazi kunikela xa ephendula imibuzo ebuzwa;

- akukho mfuneko ukubiza amangqina ngamini-nye, ukuze akwazi ukunxibelelana nabanye.

Eyokuqala usoloko kuyimfuneko ukuba udliwano abo awunamdla kwisiphumo ityala kwaye ingxelo ulwazi olugqityiweyo malunga izibakala ezaziwa kubo kwimeko. Kwakhona, umphandi kufuneka ukuvala amathuba okukhona kunye ngummi umtyholwa, ukuba uthe ngokubanzi phantsi endlini.

isigaba

Examination kwamangqina kunye nexhoba iquka iingongoma ezimbalwa zokuqala. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba iqulathe izigaba ezithathu:

- yokulungisa;

- ibali free ngayo. kwenzeka ntoni na;

- iimpendulo zale mibuzo.

Phambi yokuphumeza incoko procedural, umphandi kufuneka acacise lonke ulwazi malunga iminyaka yomntu, indawo yomsebenzi okanye isifundo, imfundo, uze emva koko ukuvakalisa amalungelo neemfanelo zabo. Unxibelelwano kufuneka athathe indawo ngelizwi eliphantsi. Ngaloo ummeli we-arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho kufuneka ngokusondele kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba yonke ingcaciso eyimfuneko umntu ngemibuzo. sentlalo Ngaloo kuye qha nasengqondweni, nto leyo yinto ebalulekileyo umsebenzi olungileyo kunye namangqina kunye namaxhoba.

Emva kokuba incoko lokuqala kunye ngummi, kuyimfuneko ukuba bamvumele ukuba axelele malunga iimeko ezaziwayo malunga nolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngelo xesha, musa ukubuza imibuzo emininzi kakhulu kwaye ichanekile ngokwalo. Kungenjalo, loo mntu ziza kuvalwa kwakhona ukunika ingcaciso engaphelelanga kwityala eli.

Ukuba ibali umntu wanika umphandi, waza wanika protocol, ngoko emveni ukuba ungakwazi ukuqala ukubuza imibuzo kwengqina okanye ixhoba, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuba ke ukuthetha kwaye na ngokwayo obala nabaphandi. Yokufundwa kubangele ukuba lukhangelwe, ngoko kufuneka ukhankanye zonke iinkcukacha kunye nemithombo yazo.

Phambi kokuba ubuza umbuzo olandelayo, umphandi kufuneka ufumane umntu, oko wacelwa ukuba uyayiqonda. Ngenxa yokuba xa umntu ayiqonde kakuhle ulwazi kwaziswa kuye, yena akayi kuba nako ukunika iimpendulo ezichanekileyo. Kwakhona, musa sukela ngummi kunye iimpendulo zale mibuzo, uze unike ithuba lokuba ukukhumbula nokuhlalutya zonke iziganeko.