Emphysema: ntoni na nokuba inyangwa njani?

Ukuba ubuza nawuphi na umnini idiploma lwezonyango: "Emphysema - ntoni na," - uya kukuchazela ukuba iyeza eli gama libhekisela emininzi izifo zemiphunga non-ngqo. Isigulana ne ekufumaniseni airspaces inimba bronchioles yemiphunga nezengekho nodonga alveolar kuguquka.

izinto kunokwenzeka

Ukuze ukuba bakulungele ngokupheleleyo, kungekuphela nje ukwazi ukuba yintoni na emphysema. Yintoni na, sele kufunyenwe. Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba kutheni ibonakala. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, zonke izinto engabangela uphuhliso emphysema, zingahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini. Eyokuqala ibandakanya microcirculation lwezidumbu, iziphumo ezibi kwezinto ezinobungozi umoya, kwakunye intswelo azalwa ngayo α-antitrypsin. Ayavumelana yinto eyodwa: zonke ezi zinto sinalo ingalo yemiphunga nokunciphisa kwimo yazo. Oku koko kukhokelela kwinto yokuba umntu iphuhlise emphysema ehlasela ephambili. Yintoni na? Uphefumla lula ngokwahlukana lahlengahlengiswa ngokupheleleyo. ukumelana inyumoniya kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukwanda koxinzelelo kwi alveoli ngexesha ingumphunga nganye. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba permeability inyumoniya kule kunokwenzeka kuba yiyo ezaphukileyo. Ukuba akukho waphawula utshintsho ukudumba, bronchi kunye bronchioles abekho phantsi kokuphazamiseka. Njengonobangela wesibini kunokwenzeka loogqirha emphysema kubiza ezingapheliyo bronchitis obstructive. Esi sifo kudala iimeko ezifanele umntu ziye lesibini (aka - alveolar) emphysema.

incazelo

Kulo mzekelo, izigulane uxinzelelo intrathoracic kabukhali kuyancipha ngexesha zingumphunga. Ukolula sayo inyumoniya kukhokelela komoya umda ukuba sibi. I-alveoli anaba kakhulu ngenxa yokuba ibambezele umoya ephefumlelweyo. Konke oku kukhokelela kukuba iindonga mezhalveolnye kancane kutshatyalaliswa. Ukuba isigulane sibhekiswe i-X-ray, emphysema uya kubonakala phezu ukufukuka uphawu alveoli zifo.

ekuxilongweni

Kuphantsi kweziphi izizathu uyakwazi ukubona emphysema? Nalu uluhlu ngokukhawuleza: i alveoli yesigulana eqinileyo, inabe umlomo wabo; hypertrophied iinyanda kwemisipha egudileyo, imicu elastic ke ayinakolulwa; iindonga bronchioles nokuphefumla nje ukubhitya kakhulu kunokuba kumele; inani emithanjeni ngokuphawulekayo ngezantsi eqhelekileyo.

symptomatology

Emphysema ivela kakhulu eliqaqambileyo. izigulane ezininzi ezikhala ukuphelelwa kakhulu ngumphefumlo - ekuqaleni oko kwenzeka ngexesha umthambo, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe uqalisa pester umntu rhoqo, naxa behamba. emphysema Secondary luphawulwa gas igazi kakuhle. Ngokwangaphandle, ichaphazela imeko Isifuba: imilo kufana umphanda, i ariya ngasentla kwe collarbone uPienaar kakhulu.

Outlook

Ngoko uyazi impendulo yalo mbuzo: "? Emphysema - yintoni" Kumele kuqatshelwe ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba azisinyangi isifo: amayeza yanamhlanje ayithethi ukuba ubugcisa sokubuyisela alveoli kutshatyalaliswa. Unyango sibhekiswe ngokuyintloko Eneneni, ukususa iimpawu ezingemnandi kunye nokugcina inqanaba eqhelekileyo oxygenation. Ukuze wenze oku, bronchodilators baqeshwa kunye nonyango ioksijini rhoqo.