Elk fly - parasite ikruqula

Ekupheleni ihlobo emahlathini eSiberia central Russia ubonakala elk izifaka ukubhabha (iifoto izinambuzane thaca kweli nqaku). Ukongezelela kwilizwe lethu isekhona ekhaya ukuya emantla China, eMntla Melika kunye yaseScandinavia. Inani lweentshulube ixhomekeke kwinani nezamaxhamakazi, elk.

Elk ukubhabha, tick amaxhama, iielk yentwala, ixhama yentwala - yonke enye kwaye izinambuzane efanayo elilelethu usapho Hippoboscidae. umzimba Trehmillimetrovoe ngokumila atshabalalisa kwaye wambu nezigqubuthelo zamafu bulishica ukukhanya-mdaka. Phezu kwentloko yakhe nezitya zokutshiza ezinzulu ibekwe zeepali, ezo phantse na ezivelileyo ngaphezu komhlaba. Elk uye amehlo impukane enkulu kuqulethe 2.5 facets tysyach. Amehlo akhe ¼ ka umzimba uphela ngaphandle entlokweni yabo iimpukane kukho 3 Amehlo ezilula. Mouthparts ye isinambuzane ibhekisa kudidi nokugqobhoza-ukukhotha kwaye isakhiwo efanayo iimpukane khala, ekuthiwa okweempukane izinzile. Imazi yentwala deer ezi amaphiko exineneyo eselubala inani elincinane emithanjeni, ubude zabo ukusuka 5.5 ukuya ku-6 mm. Ngomhla emacaleni esifubeni imilenze obuluqilima kwamathanga ubukhulu kunye neenzipho yezi zinto. Elk fly linikwa isisu elastic ukuba xa esitya uyakwazi kwandisa ubukhulu.

Olu hlobo ectoparasites yezinambuzane iphathelene kruglozhiznennym. Ngamanye amazwi, elk impukane feeds kuphela igazi ukuba uvelisa izilwanyana ezinegazi elishushu. Abanini yibona ezingundoqo zalo izilwanyana uphuphu-ayabulala. Le nebhadi, nelinqa, ixhama, nezamaxhamakazi, elk. Ukongeza, iimpukane-bloodsucker esetyenziswa ngempumelelo iinkomo ekhaya, zasendle zehagu, amabhere, iimpungutye, izinja, iimbila, iigusha njalo njalo. Ukuba kukho inani eliphezulu sisidleleli, ixhama iyabhabha olunywe okubeka umntu, kwaye kufuneka kuqatshelwe - kakhulu buhlungu. Kwisayithi ye unomntana le reddens eluswini, kukho ngeqhina tight, leyo ibekelelwe iintsuku ezingama-20.

Kutheni kuthiwa iintwala elk okanye amangolwane? Nangona ubukho amaphiko aphuhliswe kakuhle, izinambuzane kubhabha pretty kakubi kunye imigama emifutshane. Wings kubo, enyanisweni, kufuneka aphaphazele aye linjengevumba izilwanyana ezinegazi elishushu. Ke kaloku kamsinya nje ukufikelela usukelo lwabo, bathi ngoko nangoko elahliweyo. ukuphila kwabo yonke elizayo sele kamnandi phezu umzimba host-umnikezeli. Bona zirhubuluza uboya bakhe, ibalume ngesikhumba iqale ukutya igazi. Ngoko, kwakukho uthelekiso kunye iintwala eqhelekileyo nezinambuzane.

Emva kokuba isibini leeveki keds ebomini babuzolile eza kufikisa, baqalise ukubamba ngababini, imazi nenkunzi. Emva kokukhulelwa, emva kweentsuku ezili-16, imazi uzala imibungu kuqala. Qaphela ukuba uzala, njengoko olu hlobo sinambuzane ibhekisela ukuhlala-ngokuzala, okanye mandithi - kuklorodyaschim. A basetyhini umzimba iphuhlisa qanda Iokuqala, ngoko lo mbungu. Ukukhanya kufikile trehmillimetrovye prepupal kwakhiwa. Bathi iiyure ezimbalwa ijike ibe puparia (puparium), ezihlawulelwayo kwiqokobhe nzima ukuba liwele emhlabeni. Oku kwenzeka ukususela ngo-Oktobha ukuya kuMatshi. Kule meko, i nguphunguphungu uya kuba kude Agasti, kwaye ke kukho iza elk ezintsha iimpukane. I (malunga ezintandathu kweenyanga) Ixesha ababhinqileyo ebomini bakhe ukuze ungalibali ukuya ku-30 puparia ezinjalo.

Izilwanyana, ezi zilwanyana kuzisa inkxalabo enkulu, ekubeni omnye umntu ukuze bachithe amakhulu ukuhlala. Kwaye oku kukhokelela zokuncipha isilwanyana, kungenzeka kokulibazisa ukukhula abaselula. Ngelishwa, ezigxotha olusebenzayo nalo sinambuzane ayifumanekanga. Ukuze uzikhusele buluma kuye, kuyimfuneko xa onyuka ehlathini ukuze anyamekele iingubo zabo. Cuffs kwi enemikhono kufuneka uvumelane snugly emzimbeni, ibhulukhwe engcono ngokuzalisa kweekawusi, kwaye kufuneka ukuba umnqwazi phezu kwentloko yakhe. Emva kokuba uhambe, ngokucophelela iingubo zakho uze uyikhuphe zokuzimela izinambuzane.