"Desu": ntoni eli gama lithetha ntoni? Phi yaye kutheni kusetyenziswa?

Japanese - oku yi tangle umdla nezintsonkothileyo zabalinganiswa, imithetho wasemzini, iintetho iyinto attachments olungafanelekanga. Kodwa xa ukuqala sichitha noseko lwalo njengoko kucaca ukuba umntu ngaphandle enye into. Kwaye kufuneka afunde yonke into ukuze, ukunikela ingqalelo yebo iinkcukacha eyona ingabalulekanga. Ngo-Japanese, ezininzi izivakalisi declarative kuqukunjelwa isimaphambili "desu". Ntoni eli gama kuthetha yaye kutheni isetyenziswa njalo? Zama ukuqonda.

isenzi

Ngoko ke, yintoni "desu" in Japanese? Kuguqulelo ngokoqobo, eli gama lithetha "ukuba". Lidla ngokusezingqondweni, omnye ukuze ubuze isizathu sokuba igama elithi "desu" livela phantse zonke izindululo? Isibakala sokuba izenzi Japanese abanalo iimilo kunye namanani. Inkoliso yabo ibekwa ekupheleni kwesivakalisi kwaye ukuguqulela igama elinye "desu" - "ukuba".

Ukwenza kucace, ukususa umzekelo encinane.

. あ れ わ 新 幹線 で す (Ingaba wa shinkansen desu) - Ukuba ukuguqulela eli binzana ngokoqobo, ufumana into efana: ". Lelo uloliwe" Ngowe-Japanese Indies, kuya kuba waqonda njenge "Lo Train".

Enyanisweni, "desu" akuthethi nto. Le console unika izenzi umthunzi ngentlonelo cala. Kwaye kuba nomqondo ka Akufuni Japanese kuthathwa ukuba ikhonkco iphambili, ngoko eli indlela yokuthetha ixhaphake kakhulu kubomi bemihla ngemihla.

umbuzo

Ntoni "desu", ngoku ibonakale ncono. Noko ke, le isenzi uye iinketho ezimbalwa yokutya. Abo abafundisa Japanese, nabo abo basanda waqalisa ukufunda izisekelo ukuze kuqatshelwe ukuba emva "desu," badla amasuntswana. Ezi amasuntswana zibizwa ngokuba "gobi" kwaye banoxanduva kwikhusi ngokweemvakalelo isivakalisi.

Enye i "ka" the uthandwayo amasuntswana. Ukuba kubonakala emva "desu", esi sivakalisi umbuzo. Ecacileyo, sinikela imizekelo embalwa:

1. あ れ わ 新 幹線 で す か? Kulo mzekelo yokuqala, eli binzana kwavela affirmative, kodwa emva kokuba kongezwe amasuntswana "ka" ijikwe ibe isivakalisi zogxininiso - (Ingaba wa shinkansen desu ka?): "Lo uloliwe?".
2. ど な た で す か? (? Donata desu ka) - Omnye umzekelo inguqulelo wokoqobo iyalila: "Ngubani na apho?". Oku isimelabizo zogxininiso, nesetyenziswa xa kufikwa umntu, ibonwa nje umbuzo: ". Ngubani na lo guy" Olo intetho esoloko isetyenziswa ngentlonelo incoko, esesikweni. Kuba zihlandlo olufana noluqhutywa ngokusesikweni ukuba bathi: だ れ で す か? (Dare desu ka?). Umongo lo mbandela uhlala enye, ukutshintsha kuphela isidanga yobuntu.

Ngaloo ndlela, "desu" (Oko kukuthi "ukuba") ukuze ungabonakali kuphela ibali, kodwa isigwebo zogxininiso. Kodwa ke kukho ezimbini "gobi" amasuntswana, leyo inokufunyanwa ngokubambisana "desu".

"Yo" kunye "ne"

Ukufunda izinto zokufunda ulwimi Japanese kwabasaqalayo, ungenza rhoqo ukufumana ukuhlanganiswa "desu ne". livela kwi ngamabinzana ezifana:

• . わ, 畳 の 部屋 で す ね (Wa, tatami akukho heya desu ne.) - eguqulelwe isigwebo izandi elula ngokwaneleyo: ". Eli gumbi kunye amakhuko tatami" Kodwa qaphelani isimaphambili "wa" isindululo sokuqala, nto leyo ethetha uyayoliswa okanye othandwayo into awayibonayo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhlanganiswa 'desu ne "- kuthetha ukuba umntu lowo bayazithanda egumbini tatami, andiqondi ukuba omnye umntu ofana iimvakalelo zakhe.

olu hlobo intetho esoloko ngokudibana xa bethetha ngokuhambela Japanese. Zonke iindwendwe eJapan, kubonakala kukho izinto ezintsha, kwaye nangenxa kwabantu bomthonyama - le meko imihla. Kwakhona Isebenza kwelinye icala, ukuba yaseJapan ukuza kwilizwe langaphandle kwaye uthetha nomntu ngolwimi lwabo lweenkobe, ungenza rhoqo ukufumana ukuhlanganiswa "desu ne".

Enye yamasuntswana efumaneka emva "desu" (Oko kukuthi "ukuba"), ufundwe "yo". Ngenxa yoko, kungcono ninikane "desu yo". Le ababili isetyenziswa incoko xa umntu efuna ukuba ukwabelana ngolwazi ezintsha malunga ethile. Ukuba thelekisa nolwimi Russian, ukuhlanganiswa 'desu yo' lisetyenziswa ngendlela elithi "endleleni". Esetyenziswa ukuxelela ulwazi malunga apho isithethi uyazi, kodwa akazi umthombo. Umzekelo, isithethi sinokuthi le restaurant ofudumeleyo yaye apho emnandi okuphekiweyo. Ke ukuba umntu wokuqala iyeva ipropati, emva kokuba isicelo uqinisekise ukuba ibinzana elithi "desu yo."

Hayi "desu" wenza

Abo abafundisa Japanese, ufanele wazi ukuba "desu" (Oko kukuthi "ukuba") ze sho ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa ekunciphiseni izikhamiso kwi imveliso ufumane igama elithi "weeNgcombolo ezintlantlu". Oko kukuthi, xa ukubhala igama kwaye iya kuqulatha amagama amabini "de» (で) kunye 'su »(す), kodwa izakufundwa njenge" weeNgcombolo ezintlantlu ".

Ngenxa yokuba abantu yathandwa inkcubeko Eastern, akudli evenkileni ezaneleyo ulwazi, oluninzi abasebenzisi Internet umhlola ukuba yokubiza amagama.

Ukuba okanye hayi ukuba

Ngoko ke, ngeli xesha sele yayingeyonxalenye "desu" oko kuthetha ntoni "ukuba". Kodwa kuthekani ukuba ntoni xa kufuneka ''. "Ukuze ube okanye hayi ukuba" - amazwi indlela Shakespeare lo mba kunokuba luncedo kakhulu.

Igama elithi "desu" luhlobo ezingalunganga "de wa arimasen" elithetha "ayikho" eguqulelwe ngokoqobo. Umzekelo:

• . 山田 さ ん は 学生 で は あ り ま せ ん - Xa inguqulelo epheleleyo zisiba kuba (Yamada-san wa gakusei de wa arimasen.): ". Yamada-san, akukho umfundi" Oko kukuthi, umphulaphuli ufumana ulwazi Yamada-san ayikho ngumfundi eyunivesithi.

Igama elithi "desu" othandwa kakhulu. Oku kunokubonwa anime kunye raw yokuqala, uve dabberov sokubambela ilizwi okanye ukukhumbula emva ukubukela iividiyo. Kodwa enoba yintoni na ixabiso nayiphi na eqhotyoshelwe elithi "desu" - nto nje yamasuntswana intetho. An Togu le ndawana ekupheleni kwesivakalisi. Kwaye kuphela ngenxa yokuba lo mfanekiso kunokuba lula kakhulu ukufikelela ukuqonda kwincoko, ngenxa yokuba "desu 'inokuba" kuba "okanye" ukuba ", ukubuza, ukuvakalisa iimvakalelo kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi olongezelelweyo.