Chernobyl Museum (Kyïv, ln eHorebhe 1.): ncomo umboniso Modern

Chernobyl wayesaziwa emva kwabakho ingozi embi kwi iChernobyl amandla enyukliya. Isizukulwana esidala ukhumbula ngosuku TV bahlabe umyalezo umkhosi nguMongameli USSR M. S. Gorbacheva ukuba ngoAprili 26, kanye 110 km ukusuka eKiev, kwakukho esinzulu intlekele eyenziwe ngumntu kushishino ngamandla enyukliya, apho kamva kwabulawa amawaka abantu kwaye iye yaba umthombo imisebe zindawo enkulu 200 metres. m. km. Imiphumo yale ntlekele isekhona Ukraine nje kuphela, kodwa ummandla osecaleni eRashiya kunye Belarus.

Chernobyl Museum e Kiev

Ukuba abantu ungazilibali iingozi ukuba ukufihla amandla enyukliya, ngo-1992 yavulwa eChernobyl Museum. Kiev abelwe phantsi kwawo zokwakha indawo isikhululo umlilo ka 1100 macala onke. m. Ngelo xesha langoku kwinkcazelo Museum luquka iikopi ezingaphezulu kwama-7000, ubalisa iziganeko ngobo busuku, xa kwenzeke ingozi, nemiphumo yentlekele. A nomvakalelo womoya onamandla kwiindwendwe yenza indlela ekhokelela kwiiholo le Museum. Oku eziqhotyoshelwe imiqondiso ayifulele amagama kwiilali needolophu zayekwa emva ntlekele. Ngokunxulumene neengozi ezivela Ukraine unyamalele kwiilali 76 nemizi.

Endleleni yi umthi apile ukuba zincothulwe. Olu luphawu yebhayibhile yobomi, ukwazi okulungileyo nokubi. Apha endleleni ezilusali-apile ebomvu, nto leyo ebonisa impumelelo kunye novuyo. Kubonakala ukuba ubomi amawaka amaninzi abantu zatshintsha ngephanyazo. Abantu bashiya amakhaya abo amasimi nemiyezo yimimango ukhula, amawaka eehektare zomhlaba ziye zonakaliswa. Road ukuya kwiiholo le myuziyam sesona indlela eya iChernobyl amandla enyukliya.

Ukucaciswa lolondolozo lwembali

Chernobyl Museum (Kiev) kudale mboniso, ezenza kube lula ukuqonda iziphumo iziphumo etshabalalisayo out-of-atom phantsi kolawulo. Indlela ikhokelela iindwendwe etempileni embindini egumbini. Kubalulekile ke iconostasis, iinkalo eziliqela savela Ascension Church ngubani na kwindawo exclusion. Akasekude iconostasis kukho isikhephe, ebonisa eTyeyeni kaNowa, uhlala esibanekile amakhandlela njengomfuziselo kwimitha ezilahlekileyo ulonwabo koomama kunye nomntwana. Ityeya kusoloko ezininzi zokudlala shiya abantwana ngethuba bekutyelelo myuziyam. Amangeno kule iconostasis lwasemanzini nocingo oluhlabayo ne-orenji Shamrock - uphawu radiation linyukile.

Embindini igumbi ukusungulwa diorama owenza ebonisa ukuba yintoni phambi kokuba ingozi eChernobyl, ixesha xa kukho ingozi kwi iChernobyl amandla enyukliya, yaye ekhangeleka ngathi isikhululo ngeli xesha. Emehlweni abatyeleli kuza mzuzu uqhushumbo ukutshatyalaliswa zesikhululo, emva koko ivela kwi sarcophagus.

Isilingi kweholo yenziwe ngohlobo kwimephu yehlabathi. Kwakhe izibane ezidanyazayo zonke izityalo enyukliya onke amazwekazi. Iholo umgangatho ipleyiti baneembono ekukhuseleni zebhayoloji, ekufuneka ibe kwi reactor engundoqo.

Iifoto neevidiyo ze nentlekele Chernobyl

Chernobyl Museum National asinikezwanga kuphela exposure mveliso wombane. Apha uyakwazi ukubona video ezithathwa ngaphambili indlela kwakukho udubulo eziliqela, apho abasebenzi ezimbini zezityalo wafa ngokukhawuleza lo mlilo, njengoko abantu ababesele esixekweni, yaye njani zokucima umlilo kwi iChernobyl amandla enyukliya. Phakathi kwezi zinto, ungabona imifanekiso emangcwabeni izixhobo zomkhosi, wathabatha inxaxheba likaxakeka.

kukho amaxwebhu kunye ingabonisa iifoto kunye neemephu 'iyimfihlo "kwi imiboniso kulo myuziyam. Ukongeza, kukho ababonise izinto liquidators ingozi, icons ezixabisekileyo ngezandla nayo ukusuka kwindawo exclusion, iisampuli iisuti zokuzikhusela, apho emkhosini kunye abacimi Sizibandakanye zokucima umlilo kwisikhululo. Ukuqwalasela ingqiqo kunye nohlobo eziphathekayo eChernobyl Museum (Kiev) akukho analogue ehlabathini.

baphume abantu

Phakathi iifoto kunye neevidiyo zingafunyanwa obungamaxwebhu nobude ukufudusa abantu abo bangazazanga isikali ngesiganeko wayethembe ukuba abuyele umzi emva kweentsuku ezi-3. Akukho namnye kubo sinokucinga ukuba akukho kuphinda abone isixeko lokuzalwa kwakhe, kwaye kwindawo entsha kuya kufuneka ukuqala ubomi yonke kwakhona.

Baphume abantu laphehlelelwa ngo-Aprili 27, xa kungekho namnye wayesazi malunga nentlekele ehlabathini. Ngo Pripyat emzini apho ayehlala abasebenzi eChernobyl kwafika iibhasi 1225. oololiwe ezimbini diesel sele zingenisiwe kwisikhululo sikaloliwe. bashiya isixeko iiyure ezintathu ngaphezulu kwama-50 amawaka abantu. Iibhasi beza abantu ezahlukeneyo kwizithili Kiev. Enye kwezo ndawo kwakukho ummandla Kontraktova, kufutshane apho myuziyam ivuliwe. Kude kube sekupheleni kuka-1986 malunga eChernobyl udale ummandla okungayi ngekhilomitha-30. Ukusuka apho ethatyathwe bonke abemi kwaye ngaphezu kwama-60 amawaka iintloko imfuyo.

Zokucima station umlilo

Emva kokuba ngozi, akukho nanye izazinzulu ababa ukuqikelela ekuhambeni iziganeko. Iingcali babemoyika-dubulo yesibini kwezinye izinto, ngoko kwagqitywa ukuphosa elidangazela umlilo reactor boron isanti kunye nezinye izinto, nto leyo kucima basabela yenyukliya. Ukwenza oku ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo umdla Air Division, wayexakeke ekurhoxisweni amabutho Afghanistan.

Ukuze kwakhona umthwalo ngqo kwi-reactor, kwakudingeka ukuba ukubhabha kwindawo iyenzeka ngaphezu reactor, nto leyo ubushushu yokutsha ligqithe 1000 ° C. Ngenxa yoku, ntaka ezininzi wawa emhlabeni, yaye omnye pilot wabulawa ngokuba liphiko. omnye kuphela ntaka lingena reactor evuthayo kunye nqanawa, kodwa oko yahlala iyimfihlo iminyaka emininzi.

Indlela ukucoca uphahla

Le kumaphepha amaninzi ngokubulawa kwale ukutshona ngozi ezinxulumene ukucocwa uphahla izicwili grafayithi, wazithwala ukusuka reactor. Ngokutsho kweengcali kwaba malunga 300 neetoni. Eyokuqala inxaxheba emsebenzini abasebenzi isityalo umlilo kweso sixeko. Kamva, kwafakwa yi conscripts. ividiyo iikhamera olufakwe phezu kwendlu, apho amajoni abonisa oko iziqwenga kufuneka asuse kwindawo yokuqala.

Bonke walumkisa ngengozi, ngoko uphahla kuphela ukuthumela amavolontiya. Ukukhusela amajoni kwimitha wavelisa isikrweqe ilothe, ukuyigubungela umntla, intamo, kunye namanye amalungu abalulekileyo kubo. Ithamo radiation iphezulu kangangokuba ezibe ziphezu kophahla ayikho ngaphezu komzuzu, emva koko basiwa kwindawo ecocekileyo. Amagosa wangqina ukuba abantwana anikezelwe 1,000 engange, yaye ngoko nangoko kudluliselwa myezo.

Ukwakhiwa sarcophagus phezu iChernobyl amandla enyukliya

Ukunciphisa le imvelaphi radiation, kwagqitywa ekubeni kwakha phezu reactor sarcophagus liqhuma. Wonke umsebenzi kwenziwa ziingcali kunye namava kunye imithombo imitha evela zokufihla ngokukhethekileyo ngokwaneleyo.

Ukulungiselela le njongo, i-ROV. metal zothintelo eziqokelelwe kwindawo ecocekileyo ukuya endaweni milenge enzima-umsebenzi. Abantu abo kwiindawo ezininzi eziyingozi, ukubonelela ukhuselo ezizodwa, ngoko akukho namnye kubo bafumana ithamo radiation ngaphezu ixabiso obuvumelekileyo.

Ukwakhiwa sarcophagus lwaqhutywa kwi projekthi eyenziwe zizazinzulu iLeningrad. Ukuqinisekisa phambili umsebenzi, kufutshane iChernobyl 4 njengekonkile izakhiwo izityalo kwakhiwa. Ngomhla kummandla wesikhululo ndikwazi izithuthi ukuba unyamezelwano okhethekileyo, ngoko iimoto kwaziswa impahla kwindawo ethile, emva koko zilayishwe izithuthi asebenza kuloo ndawo yengozi. Zonke ezi ziganeko uxoxwa kulo myuziyam.

Memory Book e Museum of Chernobyl

IChernobyl amandla enyukliya - iinyembezi intlungu Ukraine. Abantu baye bavuma mngeni atom olungalawulwayo, luzinikele incwadi imemori. Oku wenza amagama malunga 5000.

Memory Book - inkqubo retrieval elektroniki, nto leyo eye ukufikelela zonke undwendwe. Ithunyelwe ngeposi amagama iifoto zonke liquidators yengozi, kukho ulwazi malunga uhlobo dose radiation oko ngamnye kubo hlobo luni lomsebenzi eziqhubeka kwindawo yentlekele. Iifoto abantu azisekho phakathi kwabaphilayo, ziphawulwe ngokuthi kwisangqa emthubi-emnyama. Ezinye imifanekiso phantsi iphiko ingelosi emhlophe. Le ifoto abantwana abazalwa emva kwengozi kwaye ngoku nzima, imiphumo radiation okubangelwa sesi sifo.

International Museum of the ixabiso

Chernobyl Museum (eKiev), ushiya akekho ngabandayo. Waziwa kakuhle ngaphandle Ukraine. Amaxesha amaninzi abasebenzi lwembali kwango imiboniso amazwe. Emva koko apha waqala ukufumana izimvo ezininzi kwakunye nemiboniso ezintsha.

On the orientation zeentanda-bulumko aziwayo bathethe zosasazo ezininzi zasemzini. Le myuziyam watyelelwa abathunywa abangaphezulu kwe-80 amazwe, kwakunye neentloko karhulumente kunye norhulumente evela ehlabathini lonke. Kukho ehambela iZizwe eziManyeneyo Mission, elikhokelwa nguNobhala Jikelele umbutho, uMongameli OSCE, kwakunye njengoMongameli European Commission. Bonke kuqatshelwe ukuba myuziyam idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuleni ngokomoya woMntu.

Ngenxa umsebenzi owenziweyo yi myuziyam, i-Congress US sele liqalise inkqubo yokuphucula impilo yabantwana Chernobyl. Inkqubo 5 lamaziko empilo Ukrainian-American kwiindawo ezininzi bachatshazelwa yi ingozi yayakhiwe eUkraine. Ukuze akwazi ukufumanisa isifo lengqula zaxilongwa ngaphezulu kwe 116 amawaka abantwana. Kwakhona isebenza inkqubo Ukrainian-Cuba "Abantwana eChernobyl", apho malunga 18.000 abantwana oncologic, amathambo kunye nezinye izifo badlula kwisimo eCuba.

Indlela ukuya Museum

Namhlanje, nabani na tyelela iChernobyl Museum e Kiev. Bambize kuqala. EHorebhe, d. 1. ivuliwe ukusuka 10.00 kusasa ukuya 18,00 pm yonke imihla ngaphandle ngeCawa. Kulula ukuya. Okulandelayo kuye, tram nombolo 13, 14 no-19 stop, kwakunye nenombolo ibhasi 62. Eyona ndlela elula ukufika kuyo kwindlela engaphantsi. Kufuneka uye kwisikhululo "indawo Kontraktova."

Abebetyelele imyuziyam kunika uluvo lokuba yintoni iintlekele kunokwenzeka eluntwini ngenxa yeziphoso kunokwenzeka ngamandla enyukliya, ngoko, abafundi kunye abafundi nje kuphela, kodwa kwamagunya embi ukuba Museum of eChernobyl (Kiev). Ixabiso itikiti kuthathwa yokomfuziselo. Kuba abafundi ngu 5 UAH ukuba abadala -. 10 USD. Service of abathunywa angaphandle kunye itoliki kufuneka ahlawule 100 UAH. yokungena kule myuziyam ukhululekile ukuba abasebenzi likaxakeka.