Autoclaved ikhonkrithi ovundileyo: imveliso, imihlaba isicelo, ingakumbi izinto

Olu hlobo ngekhonkrithi aneentunja ixesha elide na uludwe izinto zokwakha yokuqala. Ngoko ke, ukuthi ukwenza yokwenza mveliso ezininzi kunye neenkampani. Ngophuhliso lweThekhinoloji kwafunyanwa autoclaved ngekhonkrithi ovundileyo e iimilo ezahlukeneyo, ubukhulu kunye nemibala.

Autoclaved ikhonkrithi ovundileyo iqulathe amacandelo amathathu aphambili:

• isamente;
• Isanti zwi;
• arhente efutha.

isakhiwo

It zindlu a Pore ubungakanani ukuya ngemilimitha ezintathu. Oku kugqalwa uhlobo ngekhonkrithi yeselula. Itotali kwingxubevange concrete - weluka isiseko, lokufaka kunye namanzi. ikhonkrithi ovundileyo kungenziwa zihlelwa uhlobo Umatshini kwi isiseko, kungaba:

• isamente;
• lime;
• SLAG;
• gazogips.

nokwanda ePhakamileyo autoclaved eziphathekayo ovundileyo ngokusekelwe isamente ngekalika.

Ukuze kufikelelwe isakhiwo aneentunja ngekonkriti kudala yokusabela imichiza, apho igesi uyakhululwa. Ukudala inkqubo enjalo usebenzisa umgubo aluminiyam okanye paste. Ukuba ufuna ukunika iipropati izinto ezikhethekileyo, izinto ezongezelelweyo yaziswa nokubunjwa kwayo.

kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa

Fumana autoclaved ikhonkrithi ovundileyo kunokuba ngale ndlela: umxube kunokuba ibhityile eziphathekayo igalelwe ezibolile ngokukhethekileyo umthamo isiqingatha. Noko ke, umthwalo yokungqubana usebenza kuyo. Ngenxa yoko kukho ukhetho nobushushu yi-slaking. Iqondo lobushushu esisodwa inyuswe ukuya degrees 80.

Emva koko indlela kwekalika nge-aluminiyam, apho mpilo savela. Ngenxa kule ngobuninzi eziphathekayo liphuma ukuya elunxwemeni ifomu. Ingcinezelo njengoko ukunyuka kweqondo lobushushu. Phantsi yempembelelo ezi Liqinisa eziguquguqukayo zesamente, pores ngaloo bahlale, yaye ngaphakathi kuwo umoya endaweni hydrogen. Ngaloo ibunjiwe isakhiwo eziphathekayo, apho pores abahlala ukuya ku-80 umthamo ekhulwini. Kuchaphazela porosity ekhulwini ngokutshintsha isixa powder aluminiyam.

kweeyure ezimbini kamva eqina ubunzima zisuswe esisodwa nokuvelisa ukunciphisa ziqwempu ukuya kubukhulu. Ke iibhloko ezigqityiweyo zithunyelwa emva esisodwa, apho kuya kubakho yokuqaqadeka ngokupheleleyo kuphela emva kweeyure ezili-12. Xa kufuneka le meko lobushushu alithe gangqa degrees 190 noxinzelelo ka 1.2 MPA.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, isixa eziphathekayo isamente ayikho ngaphezu kwe-20%, kwaye basoloko Portland isamente. Umthamo omkhulu esisodwa eziphathekayo ovundileyo ibandakanya zwi isanti (malunga nama-60%). Ikalika kwakunye isamente, engekho ngaphezulu kwe-20%. Umxholo aluminium kunokuba ngaphantsi kwe pesenti enye.

Kubavelisi AAC kumashishini zabo ukuphumeza ukuba kwengcinezelo lobushushu eli candelo lwenziwe ngezimbiwa okhethekileyo - tobermorite. Kungenxa kule nkcazelo Ukwakheka na amandla eliphezulu kwaye ayikho phantsi shrinkage. Omnye umba obalulekileyo iimeko zenza kukuba lifinyele ixesha yemveliso, nto leyo evumela ukuvelisa iibhetshi zamaphepha ezinkulu.

Umjikelo wemveliso

Inembe isakhiwo inkqubo imveliso ixhomekeke apho kuhlobo ngekhonkrithi yeselula yenziwe. iinkqubo Common zezi:

• ukulungiselela inani elifunekayo inamacandelo;
• ekulungiseleleni umxube kunye nokwazisa kwindawo gasifier;
• eyothi jeli;
• ukususwa umxube ukuzibhubhisa;
• ukubamba ixesha.

zobukhulu

Njengazo naziphi na izinto zokwakha, ikhonkrithi uye emgangathweni. Ubukhulu iibhloko ezinjalo okuninzi izitena ngaphezulu. Zonke ezinxulumene mass ezincinane. Iibhloko zokwakha ziziinkalo:

• ubude - 625 mm;
• ububanzi ezisukela 100 ukuya 400 mm;
• ukuphakama - ukusuka mm 200 ukuya 250.

Ngokwendalo, ubukhulu ukwanda asinokwazi ukuyicazulula nokukhawulezisa yamendu azo yofakelo. A incinane ubunzima babo ayithethi kuthi umqobo ukuze asebenze manual.

Imveliso AAC umntu inzuzo enkulu kwaye luhlobo iibhloko. Baye imilo efanelekileyo, iimbombo kunye nokuphela kwegqabi iflethi kunye kakuhle. Block nobukhulu, kwanokuba ekuhambeni kwexesha, musa ukutshintsha. Nkqu amaqela iibhloko ezahlukeneyo na izinga lweempazamo minor - mm 1.5 kuphela. Kuba iibhloko ze liphantsi, le parameter babe 3 mm, kodwa kuthelekiswa yonke unit ukubonisa ayinamsebenzi.

izakhiwo

Autoclaved eziphathekayo ovundileyo enobunzima ephantsi kwi etsholo phezulu - yeyona nkalo ibalulekileyo ezintle izinto ezinjalo. lamandla ayo ethile ayikho ngaphezu kwe-700 kg / m³. Kwakhona, ngenxa indlela imveliso ye esisodwa amandla compressive ukunyuka kakhulu - up to 50 kg / cm².

Ukuba utshintsha porosity of eziphathekayo, oko kunokukhokelela utshintsho conductivity thermal namandla. Xa ukwandisa amandla ayo lifinyele, kodwa kwandisa iipropati zokwambathisa ezikhoyo. Ukwehla kule salathisi kukhokelela nomkhwezeli.

iziphumo utshintsho porosity kwinto yokuba eziphathekayo baziindidi ezintathu eziphambili:

1. ukwahlukanisa emhlabeni. le udidi loxinano lwento 400 kg / m³. umsebenzi Wakhe - ukuya kwiindawo ezibandayo, kodwa ukwakhiwa kwayo kufuneka zakhiwe phantsi.
2. Kwesakhiwo. Le ovundileyo ukwangowona mmandla unomthamo omkhulu - 700 kg / m³. Faka sinako ukwakha izakhiwo ezinemigangatho okanye izakhiwo ethwele izakhiwo. Xa kusetyenziswe izakhiwo zokuhlala kuyimfuneko ukuba agubungele umaleko eyongezelelweyo usambathisa.
3. ukugcina ubushushu Constructional kunye thermal. Oku ovundileyo ne ukuthini ingxinano (500 kg / m³) isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kuba uye amandla elungileyo kunye ezaneleyo kunye usambathisa nobushushu.

Ukungafani kwimveliso

Uhlobo zokukhokhela ngekhonkrithi ovundileyo ezibini: ngendlela esisodwa, kwaye ngaphandle kwayo. Kukho lubuyisela non-autoclaved ovundileyo kunye autoclaved. Wazi njani umahluko?

Zombini ezi ntlobo babe imveliso isakhiwo esifanayo - ngokwahlula igesi yi yokusabela imichiza. Kodwa ke icebo bohluke kuzo ngokupheleleyo. Indlela iibhloko lukhuni, unika umahluko kwi iimpawu eziphathekayo yeselula.

Non-autoclaved ikhonkrithi ovundileyo kumafa waso ipesenti enkulu ePortland lwesamente. Lo mxube lavunyelwa ukuba yome ngendlela yemvelo, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa oveni ezikhethekileyo - esisodwa. Olu hlobo ngekhonkrithi yeselula na iindleko ubuncinane kwimveliso. Ke iimpahla zazo, ukuba ungaphantsi kakhulu eziphathekayo ovundileyo, afunyenwe eziko.

Khupha izixa ezikhulu zezi yunithi ungakwazi kuphela isityalo enkulu autoclaved eziphathekayo ovundileyo, ngoxa iibhloko alephuze amagwebu ingaveliselwa noba oyinkampani encinane.

buhle

uyazinza mbini ikuvumela ngokubekwa iibhloko kwi isisombululo kunye ubukhulu nobuncinane (malunga ne-3 mm). Le inzuzo inika iqondo eliphezulu lokukhuselwa ukusuka kubushushu yangaphandle. Ekubeni amaziko ngodaka unezinga elisezantsi ekwambathiseni ubushushu, kuya kuba ubala plus kuphela. Ngenxa yokuba ekupheleni kunye neekona imbonakalo egudileyo wamatye iya kuba nengqondo.

Enye iadvanteji ibe ukuthotyelwa kwayo nayiphi na izixhobo zokwakha. Iibhloko AAC ayikwazi planing, ukusika, ukubhola kunye lokoluka. Inokubuyiselwa lula ziqinisiwe kwi jija okanye isando isikhonkwane.

Ukwakha indlu le nto

Kuba umntu lowo uza kuphela ukwakha indlu, indlela yokukhetha izinto ziya kuba ukuthembeka, uqinile, imilandu eziphilayo kunye nentuthuzelo. Xa iimeko iingxaki zoqoqosho ngaphandle criteria ukubaluleka kunye nokusebenza. Zonke iimpawu ngasentla ziya naleyo izinto ezifana autoclaved eziphathekayo ovundileyo.

Eli litye yokufakelwa, kodwa wenziwa ukusuka izithako zemvelo. Le microclimate yendlu kuyafana kwindlu eyenziwe ngomthi. Zonke ngenxa yokuba isakhiwo iibloko misindo, oku kuvumela ulwakhiwo "nokuphefumla."

Nangona isakhiwo aneentunja, hygroscopic (ukufuma yokufunxa) kweli kumqolo yesiqhelo. ipesenti yawo ngaphezulu kwe-5%. Ukuba uthelekisa lo mzobo kunye neenkuni hygroscopic, apho kuya kubakho pesenti izihlandlo eziliqela ngaphezulu. Ukufudumeza indlu ngekhonkrithi ovundileyo kulula kunolo isitena. Oku kuya konga kakhulu amandla.

Udonga ububanzi le ngekhonkrithi ovundileyo yi block omnye kuphela, oku kuya kuba kwanele usambathisa. Nakuba ukuba izitena umaleko ozikhethelayo olongezelelweyo. Ngoko, iindleko donga bekuya kuba ncinci.

Ukufuma abatshayayo ngekonkriti ovundileyo ayikwazi ukuba ukhokelele ekubeni kusekwe sande okanye umngundo. Xa zindlu ngaphandle ukubola yokubola inkqubo. Innovative ubugcisa uvumele ukunciphisa Ebubanzini bodonga, ngaphandle ukunciphisa amandla abo. Ukuze kulakhela indlu autoclaved ngekhonkrithi ovundileyo kuluncedo kuba amandla amancinane. Ukuze ukuphatha ibandla kodonga ungakwazi noba abo basandula kuqalisa.

ukhuseleko lomlilo

Enye inzuzo kwezinto ayanceda ukhuseleko zaso ngokupheleleyo. Iindonga mpondo zenziwe ngekhonkrithi autoclaved ovundileyo akukho ngumsindo naxa usethubeni lokuba emlilweni. Ekubeni akakwazi yokuwatshisa, kwaye izinto eziyingozi ayikwazi anikezele. Ukwakhiwa indlu kuya kwenziwa ngokwemiqathango asezantsi kakhulu kunaleyo ukuba lichithwe ezinye iintlobo zezixhobo.

ingqokelela iibhloko

Yenza kube shushu ufakelo ludonga iibhloko ngekhonkrithi ovundileyo okanye usebenzisa ngodaka nesamente-isanti, kodwa mnye engcono iglu okhethekileyo. Ungenza isicelo umaleko obhityileyo eza kuphelisa kwo ezibandayo. I Umqolo wokuqala iibhloko ukuba zibekwe kwindawo oxwesileyo kakuhle. Abalwazi amaziko loo imveliso phantsi idrafti. umqolo wokuqala iibhloko kunye window ezisezantsi iindawo ukuxhasa unyanzeliso webs kufuneka.

Ukuhombisa iindonga

Kakuhle ezenziwe eludongeni ovundileyo eziphathekayo ayifuni udaka nokuyifeza ngeninako. Umphezulu engaphandle akukho mfuneko nakugqiba, kodwa ukunika nenkangeleko entle ukwenza kube lula. Xa iibhloko yemozulu embi nga bathele kwaye ukufunxa ukufuma, kodwa akukho iisentimitha ngaphezu ezimbini. Ukuze uphephe oku, kufuneka wenze kakuhle uphahla Plum kunye ezo, kunye nokuqinisekisa isiciko ukhuseleko.

Xa kukhethwa esiphelweni ngaphandle kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kufuneka kwakhona ibe akubonakali okwelitye ovundileyo. Enemifanekiso uya kukhangela singumsebenzi umoya sibonakala elungileyo naziphi na izinto ezikhoyo. Ungasebenzisa, umzekelo, esisodwa eziphathekayo ovundileyo, yokwenene abasebenzisi apho kuphela ezintle. Amalungu zibonisa ukuba unako ukugqiba yonke ngaphandle pre-unyango yeendonga wezasekhaya.

Kokugqiba izakhiwo ukuvelisa kunokuba ngqo kwi iibhloko. Iindonga Pre-udaka akuthethi kuthi, kokukhona kuya kuba ukuwavala ngokwaneleyo elula. Xa iimeko nokufuma ophezulu kufuneka kuvelisa umqobo umphunga.