Art. RF CCP 150 kunye neenguqu ezintsha kunye nezimvo

In Art. 150 Code of Criminal Procedure inika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha iintlobo uphando lokuqala, kwakunye uluhlu alupheli amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho apho kuyo oluqhutywa uhlobo olunye okanye kwelinye. Umxholo ummiselo iyatshintsha rhoqo, maxa wambi izihlandlo eziliqela ngonyaka. Yintoni na le ngongoma kweli nqaku, nto leyo uphando lokuqala, njengoko usenokuba imilo yaye ziziphi iinjongo zayo - konke oku, bona kamva kweli nqaku.

Uphando lokuqala: ingqiqo

Uninzi Kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, inkundla iqwalasele kwaoko, ngenxa yokuba kufuneka ilungiswe kakuhle. Ukuba umsebenzi yokuqala kwinkqubo aseburhulumenteni elula kakuhle kwindalo yaye kwenziwa kuphela yinkundla, kodwa amaqela, kwikhondo lolwaphulo ezinjalo iziganeko phantsi ziimeko eziliqela. Ukumiselwa ityala kanye rhoqo nzima uhlobo non-izicacele-mthetho ezininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo inkcaso ngakwicala abo bantu banoxanduva nabatyholwayo, njalo njalo. D. Kungenxa yoko le nto umtshutshisi ngokukhawuleza ukuqulunqa iimfuno zabo ngohlobo yayo yokugqibela akakwazi. imfuno engxamisekileyo ukufumana imikhondo zolwaphulo-mthetho ukuze uzicombulule ukuseka umrhanelwa bayifumane, ukuqokelela, uze uhlole ubungqina, kwiimpikiswano ukugqiba umba lowo kubanjwene (umthetho yolwaphulo-mthetho) kunye ekugqibeleni nokuqinisekisa ubukho umtyholwa nasemacaleni. Njengomgaqo, konke oku kufuna ixesha elininzi neenzame. Ngamanye amazwi, kufuneka uphando lokuqala, nto leyo eye iintlobo ezimbini, njengoko kuchaziwe Art. CCP 150. Kuliwa ngamaqumrhu karhulumente ezizodwa onikwe amagunya ezizodwa kunye nezibonelelo. Xa kwetyala lolwaphulo-Russia uphando lokuqala likwimo ephambili kulungiselelwa kwimeko yaphambi kwetyala. Kuphela kwiimeko zolwaphulo-mthetho ezinxulumene izityholo ezithile hayi kuluntu, endaweni ngokulungiselela ukumiselwa kokuxoxwa kwetyala lwenziwa ngoncedo amaxhoba umantyi.

Goals uphenyo lokuqala

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka uye ingqalelo iintlobo uphando lokuqala, ziboniswe Art. CCP 150 kufuneka uhlale phezu iinjongo kunye nemisebenzi akubekileyo phambi kwakhe. Zahlukene njani? Iinjongo - ke, enyanisweni, iziphumo ezilindelekileyo akuvumelekanga ukuba ziphunyelelwe kwimeko ethile, kwaye ingxaki - luxanduva lwabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kule nkqubo efanelekileyo. Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo ngokwemeko ezingacombululekiyo, umenzi wobubi yena ungabanjwa, ubungqina ezingathathwanga njalo njalo. D.

Ngoko ke, phambi kokuba inkqubo uphando lokuqala kuyo nayiphi na imeko na ezi njongo zilandelayo:

• ukusombulula ulwaphulo-mthetho;
• ukubamba umntu unetyala abamsulwa okanye kwimeko yayo yesiqhelo;
• ukubonelela khona buqu enkundleni ummangalelwa;
• ukuyilwa isiseko sobungqina kwi mali ezaneleyo yokuqhutywa komlandu;
• Ukwenza inkundla isigqibo zembuyekezo ulwaphulo-mthetho yokwenzakala, umonakalo.

uphando lokuqala le ngxaki

Ukufezekisa iinjongo ngentla, phambi kokuba imizimba leyo bayaqonda uphando lokuqala (V 150 RF CCP.) Misebenzi ilandelayo:

• search, ukuqokelelwa kunye noviwo kobungqina;
• ngokunika ilungelo yokhuselo ezifumanekayo omrhanelayo kwaye ummangalelwa;
• ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo zonyanzelo (procedural);
• ukupheliswa okanye ukudlulisela ityala enkundleni, okanye ukupheliswa tshutshisa.

Ngomhla iintlobo zophando lokuqala

Naluphi na uhlobo procedural, njengoko iseti zeenqwelwana, iinkqubo, iimeko kunye izikhuselo inomsebenzisi - ukukwazi umahluko. Ngamanye amazwi, oku kwahlulwa ibe amacandelo ahlukeneyo uhlobo leenkqubo mthetho. Ukwahlula angaya ngeendlela ezimbini: bejonge lula okanye ingxaki. Pre-uphando - kukwayinto entle linyathelo eyahlukileyo, kwaye unomzimba yayo yenkqubo. Njengoko kubonakala nqaku Art. 150 RF CCP (kunye notshintsho zamvanje umthombo lokuqala kufuneka ifundwe), oko lingohlula malunga lula - lo mbuzo okanye ingxaki - uphando. Vumela ifomu nganye ngokubanzi.

yombuzo eyonakalisayo

Phantsi uphando kuqala ukuze siqonde eyona epheleleyo, ifomu zonke iinkalo zokuphanda lokuqala iyakwenziwa. Yena kangangoko kunokwenzeka ibonelela ngesiqinisekiso lokumisela iimeko yokwenene mthetho, kwakunye nokufezekisa ubunyani kwamalungelo nxaxheba kwetyala. Kwakhona lo esingundoqo. Uphando lokuqala yenziwa kuzo zonke iimeko zolwaphulo-mthetho, ngaphandle kuphela abo ecaciswe gca apha h. 3 tbsp. 150 Code of Criminal Procedure, kwakunye nezo iqaliswe kutshutshiso labucala.

Ukuze uyibambe egunyazisiweyo abaphandi IKomiti Investigative (SK Russia - kwasekwa isakhiwo olusekelwe phezu umzimba efanayo iOfisi yoMtshutshisi ngo-2011), amapolisa kunye FSB.

ebuza Feature

Uphenyo luhlobo lula yophando (phambi). Oko kwenziwa umphandi okanye ubuzayo kwi kudidi kumatyala olwaphulomthetho apho kungeyomfuneko ukuziphatha kweenkqubo. Kuba ngendlela ecaulweyo yophando (uphando) kunye neemeko umhlaba ingozi encinane izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuthatha indawo embindini kunye zolwaphulo womxhuzulane encinane, uluhlu aluphelelanga apho linikwa kwi nqaku. 150 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Kunye neenguqu esisandula kunokwenzeka imeko yesibini, ngaphambili langoku kwezinga apho ityala ukuba idlulisele yophando. Leyo ke ukuntsonkotha zokuphanda encinane, nto leyo kwakuxhomekeke ekufumanekeni ubungqina. Ngokuphathelele lo mbuzo lwaqhutywa isikakhulu ebizwa ngokuba "disclosure" amatyala olwaphulo mthetho ezimiswe ngokuchaseneyo ngamnye.

Omnye yemiqathango kubalulekile uphando ngempumelelo - oku kulukhetho ekunene ifomu. Ukuveliswa kophando endaweni kwezibonelelo zonke ngezizathu zophando lokuqala kufuneka kuthathwe njengendawo ekrazukileyo ebalulekileyo kwemimiselo i-Criminal Procedure Code, enika ubungqina ngqo kulo mba.

Art. RF CCP 150: imixholo

Eli lungiselelo kwi inxalenye yokuqala ibonisa ukuba uphando lokuqala lungenziwa ngendlela yophando okanye yemibuzo. Le yokugqibela ngokukhethekileyo yenziwe ifomu olufinyeziweyo okanye ngokubanzi.

Circle of kumatyala olwaphulomthetho, apho kufuneka kwenziwe uphando lokuqala, kumiselwa kwinxalenye yesibini ye eqhelekileyo. It ayiqulathanga naluphi na amanqaku ezithile Code Criminal, kunjalo, lubonisa ukuba olu hlobo phando isicelo kuzo zonke iimeko, ngaphandle kwezo zilawulwa yi isahlulo sesithathu.

Ukhankanye ukuba n. 1 hr. 3 tbsp. 150 Code of Criminal Procedure, sinako ukubona ukuba iqulathe njengesalathisi ngqo umthetho, ngazo naziphi na iintlawulo mthetho lomlinganiswa kawonke umbutho uphando. Uluhlu kakhulu elide yaye iquka ingakumbi: esishiya ingozi, nasekusweleni okungekho mthethweni inkululeko (isakhiwo esilula), ukugcinwa Ozidelayo izixhobo (imipu), inkohlakalo izilwanyana, ukonakaliswa kwempahla, etc ...

Ukongezelela, ngokutsho kumhlathi wesibini isahlulo sesithathu bahlolisisa norm Uphando kunokwenzeka kunye nezinye (hayi kucacisiwe ngeeyure. 1) amatyala aphakathi ubunzima encinane ukuba unalo imiyalelo ebhaliweyo yomtshutshisi. Nalo Isisombululo efanayo ngokungqinelana ne-b. 4 nqaku bonke adweliswe Sec. Omnye ityala lolwaphulo badluliselwe uphando lokuqala.

ngayo utshintsho

Utshintsho Art. 150 Code of Criminal Procedure rhoqo. Ukuba ukhangela manani, siyabona ukuba litshintsha okubhaliweyo yemigaqo phantse wonke unyaka. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-2011 iinguqu lwenziwa izihlandlo ezithathu, ngo-2012 - 5, ngo-2015 - 6, ngo-2016 - 6. sokuphuculwa komthetho mthetho, utshintsho kunye nezimvo kubo.

Kunyaka ophelileyo, ulungiso ochaphazelekayo inxalenye yesibini nqaku. Uluhlu amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho apho le yophando kufuneka kwenziwe njalo esongezelelwe imithetho emitsha. Ukutshintsha uMgaqo Criminal, njengoko umthetho, kubandakanya ukuqaliswa ezintsha kwi-Criminal Procedure Code. Xa yokujongana nomthetho, kubalulekile ukugcina umkhondo zonke ezintsha sikulungele.