Apple walile ukuzivula iPhone umoni ukunceda FBI

technology market ititan Apple Modern uyaqhubeka yokuzilungiselela ilungelo lakhe sokwala FBI yefowuni ukuvula enye abagrogrisi inoxanduva kubulawe mass eCalifornia Disemba kunyaka ophelileyo.

Imeko namhlanje

Ekuqaleni kuka December 2015 kwisixeko California of San Bernardino yaba yintlekele. Couple wadubula abasebenzi Centre Uncedo kubantu abakhubazekileyo. Wabulala abantu abali-14, elinye 22 wenzakele kakhulu. Amadela baba US abemi imvelaphi Arabhu.

arhente FBI bababamba umfuziselo iPhone 5c, omnye ngemipu, kodwa abanako zonakalisa ukuziphendulela zaba mthetho. Apple inika ukhuseleko eyodwa izixhobo zabo, kwaye inkampani ayikho nako ukuzivula kubo ukhuseleko. Ukongeza, emva ulawulo ezininzi lungile ikhowudi yofikelelo, ulwazi eendaba zitshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo.

I-FBI ifuna Apple ukwenza uluhlu lomnqweno yimfumba firmware ivumela ukhuseleko okhoyo. I-FBI libiza le nkqubo 'umnyango emva "kwisixhobo. Xa Federal Bureau of Investigation Kangangokuba kukho umyalelo wenkundla efuna inkampani ukuthobela-arhente. CEO Apple uyala ukusebenzisana, echaza ukuba lo firmware wayeza ukuthintela kweshumi umsebenzi omnye eyenzwe ehlabathini lweenkqubo zokusebenza.

mpikiswano

Esi sihloko iye yabangela impikiswano jikelele. Party nganye iya kubonelela iingxoxo isigqibo egameni layo, kodwa akukho bani uvuma ukulalanisa.

I-FBI unethemba lokuba ngokukhulula ifowuni, baya kuba ukufikelela ulwazi olungaphezulu imikhondo ukufumana ize ubulungisa omnye abagrogrisi ababandakanyekayo kule ntlekele.

wempikiswano inkampani

Apple kaThixo, ke, uthi ukuba indalo kwenkqubo ezinjalo kuvumela izakheko karhulumente ukuba ukufikelela nayiphi na imveliso, ngaphandle kwemvume abanini. Ngaphezu koko, kanye ubukho ithuba 'umnyango emva "yenza iimveliso Apple asesichengeni nje kuphela ii-arhente zikarhulumente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho, kodwa abantu basemzini kunye nemibutho.

Ezandleni zaphuli firmware unokuba isixhobo lokufikelela kulwazi yabucala ezixabisekileyo, kuba namhlanje ukukhunjulwa phones, amacwecwe, iikhompyutha kwakunye nezinye izixhobo inkampani inika ulwazi kuphela zobuqu kodwa indalo ngobuchule, ngokunjalo akhawunti zebhanki kunye neenombolo ikhadi lebhanki letyala kunye neekhowudi.

Apple ahlangabezana nje kuphela igama lakhe, yaye ndiyathemba ukuba linikeza kubasebenzisi kunye nabathengi, kodwa malunga kuchasene nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kunokwenzeka. Akwenzeki ukuqinisekisa ukuba firmware iya kuba semthethweni kuphela isixhobo esetyenziswa eUnited States.

Yintoni FBI?

I-Federal Bureau of Investigation liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wafumana nokunikelwa kwiingcaphephe ezizimeleyo kunye imigewu ukuba zizame le terrorist yefowuni. Kubonakala ngathi le sigqibo kufuneka eze omabini amacala impixano, kodwa hayi elula kangaka.

ziingcali FBI okanye abaqeqeshiweyo baqesha ngexesha kusiko yefowuni okanye ezama ukuba kuthintelwe inkqubo yalo ukhuseleko kukwazi ukuba 'reverse "ukudala uluhlu lomnqweno yimfumba firmware okanye inkqubo engaqondanga ngokungqongqo ngumthetho, kwaye kunokubangela ecaleni dollar-multi billion.

iOS indawo amandla

amava exesha elidlulileyo abonise, inkqubo ukhuseleko samiliselwa ngokungaphelelanga akanakuyityeshela yi "ngumncedisi personal" elakhelwe kwinkqubo - Siri. Kulula ngokwaneleyo, kodwa oko akuthethi ukunika ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo le data. Indiva lo khuselo izakuvumela FBI ufikelelo abafowunelwa kunye nemifanekiso.

Ifowuni Ungazama ukuzivula ngamandla ezingenangqondo, ukuchola lokugqitha ngeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa kunokuba yingozi - kukho umngcipheko wokulahla yonke data, nokuba FBI esingakwaziyo ukuzihlawula. I-Arhente kufuneka ukuba asindise lonke ulwazi kuba kwaziwa njani luncedo uphando inokuba nayiphi element.

Ukuba FBI wakwazi ukukhuphela ulwazi original kwifowuni, uze uqiniseke ngokupheleleyo ingqibelelo kunye nokhuseleko yayo (kule meko akunakwenzeka), ngoko kuphela kuya kuba lula ukuba isicelo amandla ndisisilo uyamxhaxha kwifowuni. Kodwa Bureau bakhetha ukuba bathathe imingcipheko.

Kutheni Apple FBI?

Ngenxa izibonelelo zikhululekile ukubakhona FBI ngokwayo ecela umbuzo: Ingaba eli Qumrhu angabi nako ukukhusela ufikelelo kulwazi okuyimfihlo? Zonke ezi anamandla, iingcali kunye mali enkulu ... Ngoko ke ukuba amasebe karhulumente kufuneka uncedo umenzi? Inene FBI uyakwazi kukhuphela i data ekwi khowudi kwaye uzame lokucazulula ezabo.

Kukwabalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba umgangatho iOS lofihlo algorithm - AES-256 - omnye esinye nesi sisetyenziswa kwi-Arhente yoKhuseleko yeSizwe. Nangona kunjalo, i ikhowudi yofikelelo lukhethiwe ukukhusela umnini, wangena ifomati non-ezifundekayo ngaphandle zokucazulula data uya kuthabatha isixa esikhulu semali kunye nexesha. Le yeyona sizathu siphambili sokuba FBI uzama ukubeka uxanduva kokudalwa 'umnyango emva "ku Apple.

Ukongeza, emva kumanyundululu ngeenxa zonke iinkqubo zikarhulumente esweni uluntu liya buza: Ingaba unalo ilungelo oluzenzekelayo-arhente zikarhulumente zokungena kwinkcukachaza zabucala. Ngoko ke, lo mbutho urhulumente lula ukuzikhulula ngoxanduva ezingeyomfuneko kunye nenkunkuma olungeyomfuneko, wathi nje ukuba inkampani kumenzi ukudala firmware kuyimfuneko, nangona ukwala ngokuqinileyo ye nkampani ngokwayo.

Apple kaThixo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukoyika ekudaleni umzekelo owawuza kuvumela naziphi na ii-arhente zokunyanzelisa umthetho kunye norhulumente elizayo lokucela ukuba anikezele ngeenkonzo ezifana ngokusekelwe umyalelo wenkundla efanayo.