Alfred Garrievich Shnitke - umqambi buchopho

engakhathali - ngu Alfred Schnittke. Umculo zidalwe nguye, ezinkulu-abasakhasayo elikhulu nelifa layo. Umqambi waba namandla phezu yonke into: opera kunye ballets, imisebenzi okhestra, umculo umboniso, egumbini kunye nemisebenzi eekwayala. Yena uthetha nathi ngolwimi mihla, ukugcina unxibelelwano kuyahluka kuthathwa ukuba kube Classic.

Intsapho Childhood

Intsapho wazalwa Alfred Garrievich Shnitke (1934 - 1998), kwakunzima engenamali. UYise - umYuda isiJamani evela Liepaja, unina - umfazi waseJamani. Kuba ulwimi lomthonyama isiJamani, ukuba yayimenza ukuthetha omnye komnye ekhaya. UkuSetyenziswa kweeLwimi eqhelekileyo onke amalungu entsapho. Nangenxa Alfred omncinane, ke yona eyomninawa wakhe nodade, noninakhulu, eganiweyo kuphando translation evela zesiJamani kwi isininzi Russian and vice. Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II ubawo wam, uHarry V., wakhonza eSoviet Army. Kwaye emva kwemfazwe yena wathunyelwa othile e Vienna iminyaka emibini. I-capital Austria belisoloko kwelinye lamaziko omculo zehlabathi. Xa umoya ezaliswe umculo, waqala elizayo imfundo Umqambi yakhe zomculo Alfred Garrievich Shnitke.

Ukubuyela USSR

Xa umsebenzi phesheya sele iphelile, abazali bahlala eMoscow yaye bobabini baqalisa ukusebenza kumaphephandaba epapashwe isiJamani, apho kuthiwa "New Life". Nangona abazali iincwadi eSoviet iguqulelwe kwi German, kunye Alfred akwazi ukugqiba isikolo, kunye eMoscow Conservatory uze ugqibe isikolo. Ngowe-1960, Alfred Garrievich Shnitke wavuma ukuba Union of Abaqambi. Emva koko, waqala ukufundisa le somculo, apho wayefunda. ke, evakalelwa ukuba akwanelanga, waqala kokuqamba umculo iifilimu. Kubalulekile ukuba ukuqaqambisa umsebenzi wakhe njengomlawuli olukhulu vuyerisa Shepitko, ekhombisa unenyaniso yaye eyoyikekayo film imfazwe "Phakama" (1976). Lo mxholo obungunaphakade lokungcatsha kunye nedini lwabonakala umculo, nto leyo wenziwa ngu Alfred Garrievich Shnitke, wazala iintlekele kunye nobugqi kwaye idibanisa nabo bengqondo olunzulu kunye nemixholo kwibhayibhile. Oku ukuba lo mlawuli kunye nabadlali zityhila ngakumbi weqonga Vasilya Bykova. Ngokubanzi, kuye umculo esibhaliweyo iifilimu ngaphezu zaba ngamashumi omathandathu, nangokwemisebenzi yakho eziliqela. Ngowe-1989, Alfred Garrievich Shnitke ziya kufumana ibhaso "Nika" for "uMkomishinala" umculo kuyo lo mboniso. Wasebenza kuphela abalawuli ethu, ogama iifilim kunye Alfreda Shnitke umculo uba isiganeko: Andrew MITT - "Crew", Andrey Smirnov - "Ukwindla", Elem Klimov - "Yabuhlungu". Quotes nemixholo iindlela umculo Umqambi esisetyenziswayo ukwenza amaqhekeza ekonsathini.

umshado

umtshato wokuqala ku Galina Koltsinoy ibincinane (1956 - 1958). Kodwa umtshato wesibini wayonwabile yaye ngokuvumelana. Esi sibini sadibana engutitshala kunye nomfundi. Kwaye, njengesiqhelo, utitshala yawa eluthandweni. Emva ukungaqiniseki ethile Irina Kataeva ngo-1961, umtshato ubhaliswe. Ipiyano kunye Umqambi ujoyine nakwizibetho zabo. Ngeli xesha baqala ukuphuhlisa indlela eyodwa umqambi.

ukuziqambela umculo

Umqambi ngobuciko kahle zonke iintlobo ezikhoyo namhlanje. Oligorha italente nenkuthalo enkulu banceda ukwenza inani elikhulu ngemisebenzi: opera kunye ballets ngenxa eqongeni, imisebenzi okhestra. Kuquka nomsebenzi wakhe nosondeza kwicala zoqobo, avant-garde, chorales, waltz,-WEBHU, jazz. Ngesibindi wazihlanganisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo umsebenzi omnye kunye nezalathiso zobugcisa. Kwakubonakala engafani, nangona kunjalo, ukuba umane abaphulaphuli, njengoko bekunjalo nge "Symphony Lokuqala". Kamva ngakumbi ngokuvumelana ezidityanisiweyo "Requiem" kunye quintet Piano. Kuba Schnittke aqolileyo, yaye inkoliso yemisebenzi ezibhaliweyo kule minyaka-13 edlulileyo, xa Umqambi abagulayo (yaba stroke), luphawulwa ukusetyenziswa mibala yobuciko, kudlalwa umculo othandwayo, kunye Association of umculo German yamandulo. Ke konke oku - hayi nje kuphela, njengoko zendalo njengoko ukuphefumla, qhagamshelana ne umculo zaphawula ezahlukeneyo. Ukususela ngo-1977, emva kokuba ukhenketho aphesheya, wathetha malunga Schnittke ihlabathi liphela yokunika imbeko italente yakhe.

"Uluhlu Uhlaziyo" - "Gogol Suite"

Kuba ukusebenza Taganka Theatre umqambi iye yabhalwa wohambelwano apho ophambili iye, NV Gogol. Lakhiwa ngamalungu asibhozo. Oku kuthetha umculo kutyhilwa ebuntwaneni Chichikov, artist idrama, ngubani uvakalelwa ukulahleka kwetalente kwaye ufuna kutshabalalisa bonke yobuciko bakhe. Idyasi iphupha ayinakufezeka, ngesiquphe iba oyintanda, akuthethi nto, kodwa abe umhlobo. Yena hero wakhe ekuphela unika uthando lwakhe okumnandi. Amagosa - yinto iintsiba ubunzima waziva nje kwiindawo zoluntu, oko imbovane eziphilileyo uphila ngendlela efanayo. Bona musa nokuba azame ukuba umntu, kuba andazi ukuba yintoni na. Kule ndawo ibhola, ejika Sabbat, igcisa ubona bonke abasebenzi bayo zezinambuzane. Ikwagqibezela zonke imbonakalo izisa ezintathu amahle. Ngaphandle kwabo ubomi - entlango. Kwaye umculo, ukwenza impumelelo, encothula umphulaphuli ukusuka emhlabeni usikhathalele, ebhaptiza kwihlabathi ecocekileyo. Ngoko ikhala "Gogol Suite".

Hamburg

Ngowe-1990, Alfred Schnittke, engobomi oluzijikela ngexesha elifanayo lobunzima, wamema eJamani ukufundisa kuqamba. Akazange thutha, wahlala tyaba e Moscow, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu zempilo kwakufuneka unyango aphesheya. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, wayeyixhalabele ukuphazamiseka yegazi, kodwa umqambi kwakusekho umsebenzi omninzi. Yena akakwazi ukubhala ngesandla sakhe sokunene. Umqhubi G. Rozhdestvensky, ukuya kuyo, decrypts oko amangeniso ungapheleli. Kwiminyaka 63 umqambi enkulu wafa. Yena wangcwatyelwa kwi Novodevichy Amangcwaba eMoscow.