Aleksey Plescheev: biography. Iminyaka yobomi imbongi xa Pleshcheeva

UNikolay Alekseevich Plescheev, engobomi leyo ziza kushwankathelwa kweli nqaku, ngummeli elidumileyo nezazi Russian kwenkulungwane XIX. Yena waba umbhali, imbongi, umguquleli, umgxeki loncwadi, itshantliziyo lwentlalo kunye yotshintsho olululo.

Ukuqala ebomini

ubomi Pleshcheeva wayezele kweziganeko, zizityebi izibakala ekhumbulekayo. Umbhali Wazalelwa entsatsheni, ebeyinalo intsapho yamandulo amanene. Esi siganeko ngovuyo senzeka ebusika yokuqala-1825, e-Kostroma. Ukususela 1826 usapho lokuqala wahlala Nizhny Novgorod, apho inkonzo karhulumente uyise imbongi badluliselwa. Noko ke, intloko-ntsapho uyafa, nenkwenkwe wahlala unina wakhe.

Ngowe-1839, elizayo imbongi Pleshcheev nayo baphila ku Petersburg. Apha wagqiba ukunikela ubomi bakhe emkhosini aye esikolweni labalindi sub-zamisa kunye kabini mahashe. Kodwa, akuba kufundwe esikolweni iminyaka emibini, lo mfana uyaqonda ukuba akukho injongo yawo. Yena eshiya isikolo kwaye engena University of St. Petersburg ngomhla kwicandelo zembali nentanda-bulumko. Isifundo ukufunda yakhe iilwimi empumalanga.

Circle Pleshcheeva uqhelene ngeli xesha sele ebanzi kakhulu, nangona ubudala layo nomfana wakuyo. Yena uqhelene nabantu abaziwayo ezifana Pletnev, Grigorovich, Krajewski, Goncharov, Dostoevsky, Saltykov-Shchedrin.

imisebenzi yangaphandle

Phakathi kwinkulungwane XIX phakathi kolutsha yeengcungcu kubhekwe zindala ukuba ezahlukahlukeneyo imibutho yasekuhlaleni, iiklabhu, amaqela. Andifuni ukuhlala bucala iintsingiselo mihla kunye Pleshcheev oselula. Biography imbongi lizele ulwazi malunga inxaxheba yakhe imibutho ezinjalo, kuquka revolution. Zonke ezi azonwabisa baba ndiyazingca yaye babe negalelo elingqalileyo bayahlelwa wembongi.
Ngokomzekelo, phantsi kwempembelelo nefuthe Beketov, owakukhupha omnye namaqela abafundi, Pleshcheev waphelelwa ngumdla kwizifundo zabo bayishiya eyunivesithi ngo-1845 ngaphandle kokugcwalisa uqeqesho. Kwangaxeshanye, waza waqalisa ukuya kwiintlanganiso Petrashevsky imagi. Kodwa umtsalane ngokukodwa kule mbongi lalicinga imagi Durov, alawule noko ezopolitiko umdla zoncwadi.

Imisebenzi yokuqala

imibongo Pleshcheeva yaqala ukubonakala print ukususela 1844, isikakhulu iimpapasho eyaziwa ngokuba "Amanqaku iLizwe loobawo", "Contemporary", "iGazethi yoncwadi", "Library for ukuFunda". Iivesi enxulumene nexesha lokuqala uyilo, waziva ngokucacileyo impembelelo imisebenzi Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova.

Umbongo Pleshcheeva intshukumisa semvelo lusizi, ubulolo, ebhotolweni. Kwisiqingatha sesibini novalo imbongi lyric izaliswe amandla emva koqhankqalazo, umnxeba ukuba alwe sikweni nengcinezelo. Umlinganiswa olululo zombongo Pleshcheeva ukuba wenzeka zombini abalandeli italente yakhe, kunye nabasemagunyeni.

iminyaka ekuthinjweni

Ngowe-1849 e Moscow, kunye nezinye ezamahala-iinkcuba abangabale Petrashevists, wabanjwa kunye Pleshcheev. Biography imbongi ahlanganiswe nelinye iphepha zobomi. Emva kokubanjwa kwakhe kokuba asiwe enqabeni yase St. Petersburg, apho wavalelwa kangangeenyanga ezisibhozo. Disemba 22 ujonge phantsi kuluhlu nesohlwayo bake kulindeleke, ngelo ngomzuzu wokugqibela sathatha iminyaka emine yomsebenzi onzima, ukuhluthwa onke amalungelo ubume ilifa kunye erenkini.

Pleshcheev wathunyelwa kwisixeko Uralsk, kwi Orenburg engabandakanyi eyahlukileyo, njengoko a labucala. Ukususela 1852 inkonzo kwenzeka Orenburg, apho kuba ngumbandela ezizodwa wanyuselwa kwisikhundla segosa non-wathuma, nezikhundla igosa ngo-ngo1856 saphiliswa. Ngowe-1857, Nikolayu Alekseevichu Plescheevu wabuyayo kwaye kwisihloko eyahamba.

Ebudeni beminyaka ekuthinjweni imbongi ihamba kufutshane abantu abasondeleyo kuye ngomoya, njenge Taras Grigorevich Shevchenko, imbongi Mikhailov, nabavukeli Polish. Natshintsha amazwi wembongi. Kwimibongo kukho ukunyaniseka, self sijonge ezinye iinkalo zobomi. Ngelo xesha efanayo kumjikelo lwemibongo ezinxulumene uthando lyrics. Bendigobele phantsi ngobuxoki umfazi elizayo UNikolai.

emva links

Iminyaka yobomi imbongi xa Pleshcheeva lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe inamathuba amabini - ngaphambi kunye nasemva kokuba link. Ixesha elichithwa kwiimeko ezinzima, kuphela umoya umlinganiswa wembongi, kodwa akazange enze ukutshintsha iingcamango progressive kuye.

Ngowe-1858 Pleshcheev efika eSt Petersburg wadibana apha Dobrolyubov, Chernyshevsky, Nekrasov. Ngowe-1859, wafudukela aphile eMoscow. Apha ke ngenkuthalo inxaxheba kwimisebenzi boncwadi. Xa recital ukuba Pleshcheev walungiselela endlwini yakhe, kwakukho nabameli ubalaseleyo nezazi Russian, ezifana Leo Tolstoy, UNikolai Nekrasov, Ivan Turgenev, uPyotr Tchaikovsky kunye nezinye ababhali, iimbongi, abadlali, iimvumi.

umsebenzi wokufundisa

Kwiminyaka emininzi Pleshcheeva ubomi zanikezelwa imisebenzi yezemfundo, apho waba orientation zokufundisa. Ngowe-1861, kunye ne-Berg wapapasha le anthology "Incwadi Abantwana" ngo-1873, ngentsebenziswano kunye Alexandrov ubonakala ingqokelela abantwana, nto leyo ebeka imisebenzi emihle iincwadi Russian bamandulo mihla. Ukongeza iincwadi zoncwadi, phezu inyathelo lweengqokelela ezikhoyo Pleshcheeva emfundo ulwazi lwesifundo. Total kulungiselelwe kwaye yapapashwa iincwadi ezisixhenxe zezifundo ezahlukeneyo.

Nesazi umguquleli

Kuloo minyaka Pleshcheeva yobomi, xa wayesebenza engumguquleli, wabonakalisa yonke italente yakhe zoncwadi. Iinguqulelo ivesi ezininzi ukusuka isiFrentshi, isiJamani, IsiNgesi, iilwimi Slavic, wenza Nikolaem Alekseevichem, nangoku ingqalelo kakhulu. Ngokufuthi, imbongi wayithabatha imisebenzi engazange not translate akukho namnye phambi kwakhe ibe Russian. Peru Pleshcheeva eziphantsi neenguqulelo ezithile yezenzululwazi imixholo lwembali lwezenhlalo. kwemibhalo kwakhona unomdla Z, yena inikwe indawo ekhethekileyo umsebenzi wakhe.

Kuwo wonke lo msebenzi ezinobuchule imbongi zange ashiye umsebenzi iprozi. Kodwa ke kufuneka ke ukuba wadala mveliso akazange aye ngaphaya ekhoyo ngexesha izithethe. Amanye amabali amafutshane kunye neenoveli ingabizwa ngokuphila kwakhe.

Ngaphandle nje kokuba iminyaka yobomi imbongi xa Pleshcheeva bazala iziganeko eqaqambileyo, iintlanganiso, ukuthandana, ukuzonwabisa, akunakuthethwa malunga buso ka UNikolai yeqonga. Pleshcheev ngokwakhe umfundi omkhulu. Wayesazi ke wayithanda yeqonga. Ukususela lusiba imbongi ngaphandle umdlalo, ezagqitywa kwi amanqanaba zemiboniso phambili yelizwe.

nokubhala

UNikolay Alekseevich Plescheev, ogama engobomi kunokubangela kuphela othandwayo mva, yashiya ilifa lenkcubeko sisityebi.

imibongo Original kwaye iguqulelwe Pleshcheeva ziyachulumancisa lwengoma yayo. Kungenxa yoko le nto wenzeka abaqambi ezinkulu ezifana Tchaikovsky, Mussorgsky, inc'a, Gretchaninov, Rachmaninoff. Ngaphezu kwekhulu imisebenzi echaza imbongi imiselwe umculo, njengoko amaqhekeza zobugcisa. Malunga 13 yoqobo kunye neenguqulelo 30 edlalwa ukusuka Peru Nikolaya Alekseevicha. Ezinye zazo ngoku yinxalenye repertoire zemiboniso kweli lizwe.
Amakhulu Pleshcheeva imisebenzi zesihobe eyapapashwa anthologies. Abaninzi baba ezakudala zibandakanywa anthology lokufunda nokubhala.

Ubomi iyanqanyulwa Pleshcheeva Septemba 26, 1893 eParis, kodwa wangcwatywa eMoscow UNikolai.