Academician Pavlov biography imisebenzi zenzululwazi

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov - Nobel Prize elivunywe lesayensi ehlabathini lonke. Ukuba sisazinzulu abanetalente, wenza igalelo elibalulekileyo kuphuhliso kwingcingane zomzimba. Ukuba kucingwa ngunozala asendle yenzululwazi, njengoko umsebenzi eliphezulu luvalo. Wenza inani obafunyanwa engundoqo kummandla wolawulo lwe ukwetyisa, nisekelwe esikolweni Russian nokomzimba.

abazali

Biography Pavlova Ivana Petrovicha iqala ngo-1849. Kwaba ngoko ukuba academician elizayo wazalwa kwisixeko Ryazan. Uyise, uPetros D., wayevela kwintsapho yamahlwempu kwaye wasebenza njengoko umbingeleli kwelinye mabandla zincinane. Independent kwaye ziyinyani, yena usoloko sichasene kwaabo bamphetheyo, ngoko waphila ubomi esisityebi. Peter D. wayemthanda ubomi, baba impilo entle, yaye wayekuthanda ukusebenza egadini kunye egadini.

Varvara Ivanovna, unina Ivan kaThixo, kwafika kwintsapho yokomoya. Eselula waba bechwayitile, kumnandi kwaye zisempilweni. Kodwa ukuzala rhoqo (entsatsheni wayenabantwana 10) phantsi kakhulu impilo yakhe. Varvara Ivanovna akabanga imfundo, kodwa umsebenzi onzima nobukrelekrele zendalo wakuphendula yokuluka utitshala abantwana babo.

ebuntwaneni

Future Academician Pavlov Ivan wayelizibulo entsapho. Childhood ushiye uphawu yayo soze kwimemori. Kwiminyaka yakhe aqolileyo, likhumbula: "Ndikhumbula kakuhle kakhulu kutyelelo lwam lokuqala ukuya endlwini. Into emangalisayo kukuba kuphela konyaka, yaye umongikazi ethwele nam ezingalweni zakhe. Ngenxa yokuba Ndikhumbula ekuqaleni, uthi zombini memory ecacileyo. Xa yomngcwabo umzalwana unina ka-, mna esasithwalwa izandla ukuba kuthi ndlela-ntle kuye. Le ndawo sisemi phambi kwam. "

Ivan ros ochwayitileyo yaye isempilweni. Ngokuzithandela wadlala kunye nabazalwana noodade abaselula. Kwakhona wanceda unina (ezasekhaya) kunye noyise (ekwakhiweni endlwini egadini). Udade wabo L. P. Andreeva wathetha ngalo eli xesha ebomini bakhe ukuthi: "UYohane Yonke umbulelo upopu. Wakwazi ukubethelela kuye lo mkhwa yomsebenzi, ukuchaneka, ngqo, kunye ukuze lonke. omama bethu zaba balimi. Ukuba toiler enkulu, wazama ukwenza yonke into ngokwam. Kodwa bonke abantwana waqubuda waza wazama ukunceda: amanzi, shushu eontini, sicande iinkuni. Zonke ezi kwakufuneka enze Ivan omncinane. "

School nokulimala

Idiploma, waqalisa ukufunda iminyaka 8, kodwa sikolo 11. kuphela Yonke asilotyala case: imini enye inkwenkwe ilele ukuya apile eyomileyo eqongeni. Yena Bakhubeka, wawa ileli wawa ngqo kwi emgangathweni ngamatye. Ukulinyazwa womelela kakhulu, kwaye uIvan wagula. Le nkwenkwe busuke baluthuthu, ubunzima elahlekileyo, waphelelwa ngumdla baza kulala kakubi. Abazali bazama ukuba aphilise ngayo ekhaya, kodwa akho nto yandincedayo. Kanye, babetyelele Pavlov waya umphathi Emnye Holy Monastery. Ukubona Umfana wayegula, ayithabathele kuye ngokwakhe. isondlo Olomeleziweyo, umoya ococekileyo kunye imithambo rhoqo emva Ivan amandla kunye nempilo. Le umgcini wawuguqula umntu onengqondo, ububele abafunde kakhulu. Wathatha wayengazibandezi yokuphila kunye oluninzi ukufunda. Ezi mpawu ziveliswa phezu komntwana nomvakalelo womoya onamandla. Incwadi yokuqala Academician Pavlov umfana evela umphathi, waba iintsomi I. A. Krylova. Inkwenkwe nafundayo ngentloko kwaye bayithwala uthando fabulist ebomini. Le ncwadi ihlale ilele phezu kwedesika lo sisazinzulu.

Imfundo kwi Seminary

Ngowe-1864, phantsi kwempembelelo ngumlondolozi Ivan wangena sobufundisi. Apho, ngoko nangoko waba ngumfundi phezulu, nkqu banceda namaqabane akhe komfundisi. Iminyaka qeqesho wayeqhelene imisebenzi Ivan yawona Russian njengoko di Pisarev, N. Dobrolyubov, V. G. Belinsky, A. I. Gertsen, N. G. Chernyshevsky, njalo njalo. D. Ulutsha kwakumnandi ngumnqweno wabo ukuba alwe wenkululeko kunye notshintsho kwezentlalo eqhubekayo. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, neminqweno yakhe yasiwa kwinzululwazi. Kwaye apha nempembelelo enkulu malunga nokumiselwa ngodaba zophando Pavlov ukuba I. M. Sechenova "ikhaliphe ebuchotsheni." Emva kokuphumelela sabefundisi yesithandathu inkwenkwe ibanga waqonda akazange afune ukwenza umsebenzi ngokomoya, waza waqalisa ukulungiselela iimviwo yokungena eyunivesithi.

Studies e University of

Ngowe-1870 Pavlov wafudukela eSt Petersburg ube nomnqweno ukungena Physics and Mathematics Faculty. Wajika ukuya umthetho. Isizathu soku - nomqathango seminarians ngokwemigaqo ukhetho msebenzi. Ivan wathumela uxwebhu lwezikhalazo Ngqonyela, ziiveki ezimbini kamva yadluliselwa Physics and Mathematics neSebe. Lo mfana wahamba kakuhle kakhulu kwaye wafumana inkxaso-mali yokufunda liphezulu (Imperial).

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngakumbi kukuthanda ngakumbi Ivan zomzimba kunyaka wesithathu enikelwe ngokupheleleyo ngokwakhe kule isayensi. Ukhetho lokugqibela phantsi kwempembelelo uNjingalwazi Tsion - sisazinzulu abanetalente, umhlohli brilliant kunye experimenter abanezakhono. Apha ukukhumbula ukuba ixesha ngobomi bakhe Academician Pavlov: "Njengokuba lo msebenzi I wakhetha amalungu kwezilwanyana, yaye wongezelela - chemistry. Nangona bayilibale kwaphela wenze iikulya Fadeevich. We hit ingcaciso wayekwazi ilula ngemiba enzima komzimba kunye netalente yokuluka kwi experiments. Lo titshala ndiza ukukhumbula ubomi bam bonke. "

imisebenzi yophando

Lokuqala Uphando Umhla Pavlov emva kunyaka 1873. Emva koko, phantsi kolwalathiso Ivan Ovsyannikov uphando-luvo emiphungeni ze isele. Kulo nyaka, kunye nomnye umfundi, wabhala yakhe yokuqala umsebenzi zenzululwazi. Intloko, Kakade ke, Tsion. Kulo msebenzi, abafundi wabancina imiphumo luvo laryngeal kwi nokuhamba kwegazi. Ekupheleni kuka 1874 iziphumo kwaxutyushwa kwintlanganiso ye-Society of bemvelo. Pavlov rhoqo ukuya kwezi ntlanganiso kwaye kunye Tarkhanovo Ovsyannikov kunye Sechenov.

Kungekudala abafundi M. M. Afanasev and P. Pavlov waqalisa ukufunda luvo pancreatic. Council University imbasa lo msebenzi ngembasa yegolide. Noko ke, Ivan wachitha ngophando ixesha elininzi kwaye abazange Kwathi wokugqibela, baphulukene inkxaso-mali yokufunda. Oku kwanyanzeleka ukuba ahlale kule yunivesithi omnye unyaka. Ngowe-1875 yena iziqu ngokunamathelene-. Wayeneminyaka 26 kuphela (ifoto Ivana Petrovicha Pavlova kweli phakade, ngelishwa, akazange aphile), nokuba ukhe wabonwa ethembisa kakhulu kwixesha elizayo.

zomzimba yegazi

Ngowe-1876, ityendyana ndafumana umsebenzi umncedisi kwi Professor KN Ustimovich, intloko elebhu kwi the Academy ebandakanya-Steel. Kule minyaka mibini izayo, uIvan iye yabamba iqela lezifundo kwi amalungu nokuhamba kwegazi. Iinkqubo Pavlov badumisa Profesa S. P. Botkin waza wamcela ukuba eze ekliniki. Ngokusemthethweni, Ivan wamiselwa umncedisi elebhu, kodwa ke eneneni waba yintloko elabhoratri. Nangona igumbi amahlwempu, ukunqongophala kwezixhobo kunye mali yayincinane, Pavlov sele iphumelele iziphumo ezibalulekileyo isifundo amalungu ka yokwetyiswa nokuhamba kwegazi. Kwizangqa zenzululwazi, igama lakhe waziwa ngcono.

uthando lokuqala

Kule minyaka wadibana Serafima Karchevsky - umfundi isebe zokufundisa. Young ukufana emanyeneyo zemboniselo, izinto ezifanayo, ukuzibophelela iminqweno ukukhonza uluntu kunye nomzabalazo inkqubela. Ngokubanzi, babethanda enye. A Gcina photo Ivan Petrovich Pavlov kunye uSeraphim Vasilevny Karchevsky ibonisa ukuba sibini zintle kakhulu. Inkxaso wabalingane iphumeze loo impumelelo ukuba lo mfana endle yenzululwazi.

Le ukufuna umsebenzi omtsha

Iminyaka 12 lomsebenzi ekliniki S. P. Botkina Biography Pavlova Ivana Petrovicha ahlanganiswe ezahlukeneyo iziganeko zohlobo yenzululwazi, waza waba kakuhle eyaziwa kokubini apha ekhaya nakumazwe aphesheya. Ukuphucula iimeko eziphilayo sisazinzulu onesiphiwo iye yaba yimfuneko hayi nje kuphela ngenxa iimfanelo zakhe buqu, kodwa uphuhliso yenzululwazi Russian.

Kodwa ngemihla tsarist Russia ukwenza naluphi na utshintsho elula ukunyaniseka umntu,, lwentando yesininzi-nye nonke, engenakwenzeka, abenentloni kwaye unsophisticated, ibe yintoni ke Pavlov, kwaba nzima kakhulu. Ukongeza, ubomi elinzima zezenzululwazi physiologists amanqugwala, leyo Ivan Petrovich, ngoxa uselula, wangena esidlangalaleni zibe iingxoxo itshiswa ngokufuthi kwaphuma ophumeleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa ngokutsha elibi nguNjingalwazi I. R. Tarhanova yomsebenzi Pavlov phezu kwegazi lokugqibela abasinikwa umvuzo.

Ivan ayikwazanga ukufumana ilebhu elungileyo ukuqhubeka nezifundo zabo. Ngowe-1887, incwadi eya kuMphathiswa weMfundo kazwelonke, kule nto wayicelayo indawo kwiSebe weyunivesithi elilingwayo. Emva koko ke bathumela iileta ezininzi kumaziko ahlukeneyo yaye yonke saliwe. Kodwa kungekudala ISAZINZULU amathamsanqa.

I Nobel Prize

Ngo-Epreli 1890 Pavlov wonyulwa uprofesa Pharmacology ngexesha kanye ezimbini eyunivesithi: Warsaw kunye Tomsk. Yaye ngo-1891 wacelwa ukuba alungiselele kwiSebe Physiology kwiYunivesithi esanda kuvulwa of Ukuhlola Medicine. Pavlov waya de ukufa kwakhe. Kwaba apha ukuba wenza amaphepha eziliqela Classic kwi amalungu kwamadlala wokudla, apho bawongwa ngeMbasa kaNobel kunyaka-1904. Lonke uluntu lwezenzululwazi ukhumbula intetho Academician Pavlov wathi "Ngomhla ingqondo Russian" kumsitho. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le ibhaso lokuqala, elinikwa ngenxa amalinge entsimini yamayeza.

Relations kunye norhulumente waseSoviet

Nangona indlala kunye nomonakalo ngemihla amandla Soviet, V. I. Lenin wakhupha umyalelo okhethekileyo uyayixabisa apho umsebenzi Pavlov, ebonisa ukuba isimo sengqondo ashushu kakhulu osihhoyayo oyiNdodana kwiBolsheviks. Ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, Academician kunye nabasebenzi bakhe ndadala iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu umsebenzi zenzululwazi. Laboratory Ivan Petrovich ngokutsha e bokuphila Institute. Kwaye phezu engama 80th ka academician wavula kwi iLeningrad Institute of Science-dolophu.

Ukuzaliseka amaphupha ezininzi kudala ayemzonda i academician Pavlov Ivan Petrovich. uprofesa imisebenzi Scientific ashicilelwe rhoqo. Kumaziko alo wabonakala eklinikhi izifo zengqondo kunye ethukile. Zonke ekhokelwa amaziko emfundo afumana izixhobo ezitsha. I phindene ukwanda kwenani labasebenzi. Ukongeza kwi-mali, i-nzulu nyanga nganye ukuze ufumane imali ukuba lichithwe ngokwengqiqo yabo.

Ivan uSimeon yaye wafudukela sengqondo ukuze ingqalelo kwaye efudumeleyo iiBolsheviks emsebenzini wakhe zenzululwazi. Ngapha koko, phantsi kolawulo tsarist, yena usoloko efuna imali. Kwaye ngoku academician nexhala malunga nokuba wayeza kukwazi zokuzigwebela trust kunye norhulumente nenkathalo. Wayedla wathetha ngalo oku bume yakhe, kunye noluntu.

ukufa

Academician Pavlov wafa nge 87 th ngonyaka ubomi. Akukho nto waxela kokufa ingcali yenzululwazi, ngokuba Ivan waba lezempilo kwaye kunqabile ukuba wayesifa. Liyinyaniso elokuba, ukuba sinotyekelo imikhuhlane wabandezeleka yingqele izihlandlo eziliqela. Inyumoniya kwaye unobangela wokufa. February 27, 1936 ISAZINZULU walishiya eli phakade.

Bonke abantu Soviet isijwili xa wafa Academician Pavlov (inkcazo ukufa Ivan Petrovich kaThixo kungekudala wabonakala kumaphephandaba). Wafa indoda enkulu kunye umphengululi enkulu, owenza igalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso yenzululwazi nokomzimba. Ivan Petrovich wangcwatywa i the emangcwabeni, kufuphi emangcwabeni D. I. Mendeleeva.