Zingaphi PPM e ibhiya ibhotile 0.5?

Beer yenye iziselo kakhulu ethandwa ezithambileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iye ethile ebalulekileyo kakhulu njengoko ivumba ethile ngoko nangoko khupha umntu oye ndanxila ndandirhabula ezimbalwa le mveliso. Ngoko ke, abaqhubi abaninzi abachaphazelekayo kunye nendlela PPM kwibhotile utywala. Impendulo yalo mbuzo, uya kufunda ngokufunda inqaku yanamhlanje.

nezimaphambili ezingundoqo

Abo andazi ukuba bangaphi ppm kwi ibhotile yotywala ziya uyazibuza ukuba yintoni kanye le yunithi isoloko isetyenziswa xa kusenziwa ngamazwe. Ibonisa yoxinaniso utywala. Ngokungafaniyo ngokweemiligremu ilitha yokumisa umxholo wayo emoyeni nganye, it ikuvumela ukuba ukucwangcisa ubungakanani utywala emzimbeni. Practice lubonise ukuba aba ezahlukeneyo iparameters amabini kakhulu ngokusondeleyo omnye komnye. Oku kuthetha ukuba igazi lomntu, apho wafumana PPM utywala ekhoyo 0,45 mg / l utywala.

imithetho ngokomthetho

Ngomhla kummandla abanye abaqhubi ithi zehlabathi bavumelekile ukuba amodareyithe zokusela iziselo ezinxilisayo. Abo andazi ukuba bangaphi ppm kwibhotile yebhiya, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba elincane utywala equlethwe ekutyeni ezininzi. Ngoko ke, nokuba kukho teetotaler ukufunda banawo kwiimeko funny. Olo isiphumo kaninzi kwenzeka emva kokutya berry, iziqhamo, iziselo nezihlwahlwazayo, kvass okanye iyogurt inegwele.

Akukho yingozi kangako kule ngqiqo kuthatha amayeza athile. Umzekelo, nkqu valerian eqhelekileyo Corvalolum okanye ukunika iziphumo ezintle xa avavanyelwe alkotestere. Ingakumbi kwiimeko ezinjalo yavunywa yi ngumthetho phantsi apho umqhubi akanalo ilungelo lokusebenzisa naziphi na izinto ezikhokelela ukunxila, kuqukwa utywala, Narcotics, iziyobisi psychotropic kunye kwisidumbu. Uxanduva ephula umthetho lwenzeka kuphela kwezo meko, ukuba umqhubi umoya wafumana uyondelelwano lwee- ethyl utywala engaphezulu 0.16 mg / L.

Iziphumo zotywala ekukhuleni awasabela lomqhubi

Phambi kokuba uphendule, njani PPM ezininzi utywala ibhotile 0.5, kufuneka uqonde utywala iyitshintsha njani ithamo yokuziphatha kwabantu. Xa kungomlinganiselo omncinci kakhulu umqhubi imbono ihambe nzima imithombo ukukhanya. Ngokomzekelo, nkqu 0.2-0.5 PPM kunzima ukumisela umgama ukuya imoto. Yena eyeka ukugcina qelele.

Umqhubi, akhoyo kumzimba 0.5-0.8 PPM, osandla singabanga ukuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo umgama kwaye nje abanakwanela lwezityalo. Amehlo akhe kakhulu kancinci ukukuqhela ukukhanya kufutshane nezibane kude, ngoko ke umngcipheko yimfama kuyanda kakhulu. Ke ukuba yenzeka nabakhweli zibhayisikile, bayakuyeka ukukwazi kwabo iyigcine lwesilinganiso izinzile.

Umqhubi, nto leyo kubonakele kumzimba ukususela 0.8 ukuya 1.2 PPM, kukho isimo wobuzwe. Yena phantse uphelelwa ngamandla ayo ukuba bahlole ngokwaneleyo izakhono zabo. Wayibona ngokonakala reactions kunye exineneyo usiko engile ngayo, ngoko ke asikwazi kubonwa ekhwele ecaleni kwemoto.

Umntu igazi lakhe yabonisa 1.2-2.4 PPM, Akuvunyelwe ngqo ukuqhuba imoto. Eqalisa ukuba iimpazamo iziyatha enokuthi malini impilo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ebomini. Umzekelo, abantu zikwimeko, ngokufuthi waluduba enyovwayo waqhekeza kunye negesi.

Zingaphi PPM kwi ibhotile yotywala kunye nezinye iziselo?

iminyaka emininzi yokwenza lubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa yemiyinge ezahlukeneyo utywala, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko, ukunika iziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Ngethiyori, isiqingatha ibhotile yotywala iqulethe 0.16 PPM. Kodwa phambi kokuba usele iglasi encinane yebhiya kwaye uhlale emva kweevili, kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo yokuba uninzi imizekelo zithathwa amabakala ukukhanya lula. Ngoko ke, indoda ibhotile nisele yotywala devyatigradusnoy ukuze kurhanelwa ukuba usebenzisa yevodka.

Kwimeko iwayini, kulula kakhulu. Apha, inani PPM kwiinkalo ezininzi kuxhomekeke ngamandla othululwayo. Ngoko ke, mililitha anamakhulu asixhenxe dvenadtsatigradusnogo iwayini iqulethe 12 grams utywala.

ibhiya Non-obunxilisayo kunye yokuqhuba

Ngoku qaphela ukuba nkqu iyogurt kuqhelekileyo abe khona ukuya ku ekhulwini utywala ezintandathu. Abo Ndiyazibuza ukuba mangaphi PPM utywala ibhotile basabele ethambileyo equlathe akukho ngaphezulu kwe-0.5% ngo-ntlobo ezininzi mihla. Ngoko ke, lo ethululwayo unako asetyenzisiweyo kwevili. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufuneka kwenziwe kunye nangononophelo olukhulu.

Into olwenziwe kutsha nje lubonisa iziphumo ezingalindelekanga. Kuba iiyure ezimbini iqela equlathe ntliziyo abalishumi walidla utywala non-ezinxilisayo. Kwaye umntu accounted for neelitha ezimbini zebhiya. Emva koko ukufunda nxaxheba bacelwa ukuba aphefumle ibe liqhuma. Ngenxa yoko le breathalyzer awayibhala ukuba igazi amavolontiya ezisibhozo eziqulethwe 0,11% utywala.

Yintoni ichaphazela ziimozulu utywala?

Bana phandle PPM ezininzi entsubeni yotywala 0.5, kufuneka ukuba ahlawule ingqalelo ixesha kususwe ku emzimbeni. Okokuqala, ixesha elininzi yokomisa kuxhomekeke ubunzima kotywala kunye umntu iimpawu ngabanye eziphilayo. kwafunyanwa ukuba ukwanda ngokobunzima kwandisa izinga apho utywala kusetyenzwa.

Indima ebalulekileyo edlalwa ngurhulumente kwesibindi. umzimba ukusebenza Ngokwesiqhelo inegalelo kususwe ngokukhawuleza iikhompawundi zinetyhefu wabumba ngexesha sokonakalisa utywala.

Kuba abo sele ukwazi zingaphi ppm entsubeni utywala, oko kuya kuba umdla, kukuba izinga yayo yemozulu kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nexesha lonyaka, rhoqo ukusetyenziswa, isini, impilo jikelele, amandla kunye nokwakhiwa ethululwayo. Ngokutsho manani ezikhoyo, umzimba womntu avareji uya kufuna iiyure ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo.

Izohlwayo ezibonelelweyo umthetho

Umqhubi, utywala ezigazi yatyhilwa, esongela isohlwayo igalelekile. Oku ukuba ukukhumbula ukuba ngamnye kuthi, kungakhathaliseki nokuba uyazi inani PPM kwibhotile yebhiya, iwayini okanye yevodka. Kwimeko ekufumanekeni utywala ephambili kumqhubi kuya kufuneka uhlawule isohlwayo sama malunga amathathu amawaka. Ngaphezu koko, akukho mthethweni ukuba aqhube nasiphi na isithuthi ukuba isiqingatha okanye iminyaka emibini.

Xa waphula ngokuphindaphindiweyo imali entle kwandisa ukuya amawaka mahlanu. Ngokumalunga amalungelo abo abasele bethathe kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu. Ukuba ngaphambili wahlawuliswa izihlandlo ezithathu, ukubanjwa emva ivili lo gama beyotyiwe, ilindela Ukohlwaya isithuba entolongweni iintsuku ezilishumi elinesihlanu.