Yiyiphi umbala le emelana kunye nokubanda

Ngenxa isixa esikhulu njengesipholisi ezishelfini yeevenkile abasebenzisi izithuthi basoloko bexakaniseka. Kuzo zonke, kukho enye umbuzo ofanayo: onjani nokubanda ingcono? Le ezahlukeneyo ulwelo anemibala enye kwenye? Makhe sijonge umbala nokubanda kukuba hlengisa ngokufanelekileyo lonke uluhlu imibala.

Ukwahlukana kusuka emelana

Isinqandi ebizwa engamanzi musa ngumkhenkce kwiqondo lobushushu ngezantsi lomkhenkce. Isipholisi igalelwe kwisixokelelwano sokupholisa emotweni. Kwakhona le mixube aneempawu yokuqaba kunye nokukhusela iindawo nesinyithi kwiindawo umhlwa. Isinqandi - Le njengesipholisi, leyo ikuvumela ukugcina injini imoto ukususela nobushushu yintlekele kuye. Iqondo njengesipholisi ngaphezu kweqondo 120 Celsius. Iqhwa ulwelo kuphela xa kuneqabaka amanqam. Nditsho umgangatho umndilili umxube angalahlekelwa iipropati yayo kwiqondo lobushushu ka -38 ngokuhla. Isinqandi zikuvumela ukuba usebenzise umatshini nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka, nokuba Kusehlotyeni, okanye ebusika. Ke ukuba nokubanda, ngokwemiqathango chemistry na zinendlela efanayo, kuphela zasekhaya. Hi ndlela leyi, kulo naliphi na ilizwe ngaphandle yiSoviet Union, kwakungekho ukwahlulwa iziselo lohlelo olunjalo. Le ukukhula kobungxowankulu eSoviet.

Malunga umbala zinendlela

Ngokwawo, imveliso into enemibala. Coloured ulwelo kungenxa idayi ekwenzeni up. Ngenxa kula izinto njengesipholisi uzuza omnye okanye omnye umbala. Zidyojwe anti-owayevunyelwe ukuba umqhubi uyakwazi ukwahlula iimveliso ngamanzi eziqhelekileyo. Xa intliziyo naluphi njengesipholisi na ethylene ethers. Yena kuyingozi kwaye ezinobuhlungu ukuze abantu. Ukongeza, olunombala isinqandi uncedo ukuchonga ukuvuza kwisixokelelwano. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, ziya kubonisa ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu bolwelo.

Iiklasi ezikhanyayo

EYurophu, abavelisi ezahlulwa ulwelo umbala ukuya kwiiklasi nokunyamezelana. Amaxesha amaninzi ezi parameters ziboniswe kwi bhokisi kunye nokwakheka. Kwakhona, udidi ezicaciswe kwi-mali namaxwebhu akhaphayo. Zama ukuqonda ukuba yintoni na ekulungeleyo, kwaye isinqandi into umbala wayo.

isinqanda-kukhenkceka kwamanzi

Kuyinto ngokwesiko oluhlaza. Oku isisombululo ngamanzi ethylene ethers. Yona umbala, ukuba libe blowu. Kodwa namhlanje unako ukufumana ekuthengisweni iinketho kwaye umbala obomvu. Lo mahluko umbundu lobushushu. Blue "zinendlela" angalahlekelwa iipropati yayo kwiqondo lobushushu ukuya ku -30. Red uphakamisa ku -40. Xa isisombululo le additive wasebenzisa sizukulwana sokuqala. wenza ukuba zisekelwe phosphate, silicates kunye nezinye iikhompawundi ezingaphiliyo. Ukubunjwa likhusela nemilomo kunye zokutyubhisha. ubomi inkonzo fluid elingekho ngaphezu kwama-3 iminyaka. abilayo - hayi ngaphezulu kwe-110 degrees. Kuyimfuneko ukuba siqonde umahluko, yintoni umbala isinqandi kunye zinendlela ukuba phantsi owazenza imveliso elungileyo akukho kuthengwa fluid azibi.

G11: oluhlaza, bhlowu, mthubi

ERashiya, njengoko eYurophu, kukho coolants okuyimfihlo Standards "Volkswagen". Le G11, i g12, i g12 + kunye g13. iimveliso Class G11 ikakhulu ezenziwe ngombala oluhlaza. Kodwa yintoni umbala nokubanda, kuxhomekeke kumenzi. Umdali G11 kwi oluhlaza (okwengca), kunye ebengezelayo. Lo mxube hybrid. Ekwakhiweni, ukongeza ethylene isisombululo ethers ngamanzi, kukho ongeziweyo ezikhethekileyo zingaphiliyo esekelwe. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuba ukukhusela imiphezulu ukusuka umhlwa. Ezi mixube ziveliswa ukusuka sharing-90. Abanalo ubomi inkonzo eliphezulu, yenzelwe wonke iintlobo radiators. Ezi ulwelo bathulula kubavelisi imoto "BMW", "uMercedes", "Chrysler" kunye nabanye abaninzi. version uhlaza G11 - nokuqhubekeka uphuhliso zinendlela lwasekhaya. Yokugqibela nenani kule klasi. Kwakhona wathengisa iklasi ulwelo eluhlaza kunye G11 + G11 ++. Umahluko kwipesenteji umxholo asidi carboxylic.

G12: obomvu ezikhanyayo yayo

G12 uhlobo Ukupholisa ulwelo zenziwa ngokwesithethe ezibomvu kunye nombala yayo. Kuxhomekeke pink ukuba grupo. Oku iingcali umxube batyhola uhlobo carboxylate. Ukubunjwa ine organic uhlobo additive, ayifani uyakhetha. Ulwelo uyila umaleko eyomeleleyo yokhuselo kuphela ezo iindawo apho sele izitshanguba evela umhlwa. Ezi isinqandi yaphuhliswa kwi 90. Ezi ulwelo zezona ukusetyenziswa kunye vysokooborotisty kunye Iimoto ezishushu. Usebenzela ekwakhiweni ayikho kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-5. Red isinqandi g12 isetyenziswa kwimveliso kwezininzi zangoku Korean, eMelika, Italian, kunye nezinye izithuthi.

g12 +

Le ekuqulunqeni waphuhliswa ngo-2008. Ezi ncindi ezisetyenziswa iqela "Peugeot-Citroen" imifanekiso ezintsha. Njengoko for umbala, ngoko ke naye sesiNtu ebomvu. Ezi hybrids ezifana G11. Kodwa uneekhemikali ezimbalwa. izinto eziphilayo ezo ngokomyalelo-50 ekhulwini.

G13: orenji, tyheli

Ngokwahlukileyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zangaphambili ezaqanjwa, olu hlobo akadalwanga ngokusekelwe ethylene ethers. Njengoko ezisisiseko into esetyenzisiweyo propylene ethers. isinqandi kwizinga eliphezulu ezinjalo, ngakumbi nokusingqongileyo kunye imali eninzi. Ababeqala badla ukubuza yintoni umbala isinqandi noko eqolo. Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Imibala inokuba nomahluko, kodwa amaxabiso kakhulu eninzi, ngokuqinisekileyo, g13. Hi ndlela leyi, ngenxa yeendleko yalo phezulu zezi nemixube akubangelwa kumazwe eRussia ico.

purple g13

Ngo-2012, imakethi yaqala ukubonakala coolants lobridnye entsha. Abavelisi ayinikezi isinqandi ezibomvu. Ifomula ayikho kodwa ukulungele ngokupheleleyo yaye kusenziwa rhoqo iphuculwe. Ngoku uceba inkampani ukuze ecaleni ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa eltilenglikolya ziyityhefu kwaye azise mihla, propylene ethers azenzi njalo. Kufuneka wazi ukuba isinqandi umbala kukuba bengazi okanye ngempazamo ukuthenga into akufuneki. Kwezithako ahlale zilolo hlobo zazilulo, yaye ngenxa yoko ke nokwakhiwa neengxaki ezifanayo.

Ngoko kuthekani umbala

Ngelo xesha kukho izimvo ezininzi, kodwa inyaniso okwangoku avuleka. Amanye ulwazi kwicandelo loluntu nangoku ibonakala. Xa uqala kuqala, umahluko phakathi ulwelo bebala kancinci - oku additive. Kodwa ke inkoliso ilibala abaqhubi beemoto umkhosi ezisebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo radiators kunye iinjini ezahlukileyo kuthotho emotweni nganye. Ukuba radiator lobhedu, ngoko kubalulekile ukukhumbula oko umbala kucetyiswa ukuba isinqandi kunye nemoto abenzi. Kuba sokufudumeza ezinjalo kucetyiswa version ebomvu. Ukuba radiator aluminiyam, kukho isuti eluhlaza.

Yintoni ukukhetha

Kudla abaqhubi beemoto makhwelo ezama ukufumana njengesipholisi, kuphela ngokusekelwe umbala wayo. Le nto ilungile ngokupheleleyo. Kubalulekile ukuba ugxile kwiiklasi. Kuphela ngale ndlela zingathengwa umgangatho ngoku aqinisekisiweyo. Kwaye xa unikel 'ingqalelo into ethile isinqandi ngcono umbala, u lingatshintsha imveliso G11 phantsi owazenza imveliso esemgangathweni ukuthenga zinendlela eziqhelekileyo. Kwakhona, kuyimfuneko ukuba ujonge iklasi le njengesipholisi ukuba isithuthi ethile, kwakunye ezibonakalayo heatsink lwenziwe kuyo. Kuphela koko sinikele ingqalelo umbala ulwelo. Njengokuba umgangatho kwimveliso, unako ukuhlawula ingqalelo imveliso "Sintek". Apha uyakwazi ukukhetha umbala. Yaye abo bangazazanga umbala isinqandi "Sintek", uthi - yonke imibala ngasentla.