INkundla yeziKhalazo kuthiwa inkundla yeso sibini, ephonononga izigqibo zeenkundla zesithili. Ngenxa yoko, isigqibo esedlule sichaswa okanye sishiywa singatshintshi. Ukuba isigqibo sisaxoshwa, inkundla yesibheno ingathatha intsha okanye ivalwe inkqubo kwiimeko ezithandwayo.
Imigaqo yokufaka isikhalazo
Isibheno, njengomthetho, sithunyelwa ngummangali-inkundla elahlekileyo. Xa ubhala, kuyimfuneko ukuba uchaze ngokucacileyo ukuba imimiselo yenkqubo yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nomgaqo-siseko inqatshelwe yinkantolo ephantsi. Ndingathanda ukugxininisa imimiselo yezinto ezibonakalayo, kuba ngaba abo abamele ngokusemthethweni ubudlelwane obuphikisanayo kwaye babizwa ukuba bazisombulule ngokuhambelana nomthetho. Imfuno ebalulekileyo yokusemthethweni kuyisicelo esifanelekileyo semimiselo ethile, ngaphandle koko ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela inkqubo kuthethwa njengesona sizathu esibalulekileyo sokukhanselwa kwesigqibo esenziwe ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, ukubonisa ukuphulwa okunjalo kwisibheno, akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukulindela ukucinywa kwesisombululo.
Yiyiphi imimiselo yesiphakamiso sokufaka isicelo?
Okwangoku, i- Code Procedure Code inikezela ixesha lokubhenela kwiinkantolo zesibheno, ezilinganayo kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukususela kwisibhengezo sesigqibo. Ukuba nangona naziphi na izizathu loo mntu wayengekho ngexesha lokumemezelwa kwesigqibo, isibheno siya kufakwa zingadlulanga iintsuku ezilishumi emva kokubhaliweyo kwayo. Isibheno kufuneka sithunyelwe kwigunya elifanayo elenza isigqibo, emva koko isicelo kunye nazo zonke izinto zolu daba zithunyelwa kwinkundla yesibheno.
Ukuba umda wexesha lokufaka isibheno uyaphuthelwa, kuyimfuneko ukufakela isicelo sokubuyiswa kwabo. Njengomthetho, iinkundla zezobhenela ziyanelisa eso sicelo, njengokuba umntu akanako ukunyanzeliswa ilungelo lokubhenela isigqibo somthetho.
Ukuqwalaselwa kwesibheno
Isibheno siqwalaselwa yiphaneli yabagwebi abathathu. Ukuba isigqibo seenkundla zangaphambili ziqala ukusebenza emva kwexesha elithile, isigqibo senkundla yezobhenela kufuneka senziwe ngokukhawuleza emva kokumenyezelwa kwayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba iinqununu ezilawulayo, ngokusekelwe kwiphepha elikhutshiwe, linokunyanzelisa isigqibo eso, nangona ukuba umntu ubhenela enkundleni yokuqhawulwa, apho inkundla zezibheno zingaphantsi. Ukuze kungenjalo ukwenza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuqwalaselwa ngokucokisekileyo ukudala isibheno, kungabi nabalahleki amaphuzu abalulekileyo kwaye ubeke izikhalazo ezifunekayo kuloo migaqo yenkqubo kunye neyayimfuneko eyahlukunyezwa kwinkundla yokuqala.
Ukongeza, ndifuna ukuphawula ukuba iNkundla yeCassation ibona amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho, izigqibo ezithathwe yiinkantolo ezincinci kunye neenkundla zenkundla. Ngelo xesha, abameli bamaqela ababizelwa kwiintlanganiso, kwaye ubungqina obutsha abuvunyelwanga. Zonke izixhobo eziqokelelwa yiNkundla yeziBheno kwaye kuleso simo azikho phantsi kwongeziweyo kwaye zigcina. Ngoko ke, xa uhambisa isikhalazo, kuyimfuneko ukuhlalutya ngokuchanekileyo ngokusemgangathweni inxibelelwano yobudlelwane bomthetho ngqo kwimimiselo esemthethweni ekufuneka ilawulwe kuyo. Isikhundla kuphela esilungileyo siza kuvumela inkundla yesikhalazo ukuba isombulule ingxabano evele ngokuhambelana nomthetho okhoyo.