Yintoni umahluko deuterostome kunye protostomes izilwanyana

Xa echaza uphuhliso eziphilayo ngokufuthi uyakwazi ukufumana amagama "protostomes" yaye "izilwanyana deuterostome." Kuyo yonke multicellular ezikhoyo ngaphandle coelenterates, ezahluke kwinqanaba osandul.

Development of chordates

Chordata zimelwe amaqela amathathu eziphilayo:

• iitunicates okanye lichinochnohordovymi (Tunicata, Urochordata), nto leyo unawo umzimba ingxowa, lisesingxobeni laqina;
• bescherepnyh okanye golovohordovymi (Acrania), siphila ezinzulwini zolwandle iintlanzi-ezifana izidalwa ukugogeka;
• ekuyo - abameli iintlanzi, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, iinyoka, iintaka, izilwanyana kunye nabantu.

Imbali imvelaphi chordates ligutyungelwe imfihlelo leyo nebangela ngeenkolelo. Nokuba babe ngqo, kufuneka uqonde ukuba ngubani na protostomes deuterostome kunye nezilwanyana. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-500 ezigidi eyadlulayo kwakukho sele golovohordovye. Ezi zigaba hundzeke uhlala mfihlelo kutheni kukho yeengcinga ezahlukeneyo malunga nemvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo.

ISISHWANKATHELO protostomes nezilwanyana deuterostome

Ingaba izilwane multicellular. Protostomes kunye deuterostome - ookhokho babo ngqo. iziqu zabo Protostomia ngomlomo kunye Deuterostomia kwakheka kwi iimpawu ezenza umlomo iimbumba. Ekuqaleni kubhaliwe wabumba ethunjini yokuvula abangekaphuhli (i blastopore), nto leyo senziwa mbungu. Okwesibini - kwi blastopore ukhula deducing una (empundu), kwaye umlomo ziguyiwe kwindawo entsha.

Classification eziphilayo bilaterally twatsa

protostomes Deuterostome kunye nezilwanyana kuba nodidi zabo. Ngu protostomes ziquka:

1. Yesilwanyana saselwandle esineqokobhe.
2. Annelids.
3. Sipunculans - izilwanyana zaselwandle umbungu-ezifana, into leyo eyaye ubukho inkqubo yokujikeleza oludala, inkqubo excretory namathumbu noyi kunye empundu ngasemva.
4. Echiura - eziphilayo ezihlala emanzini olwandle. Bona babe umzimba yemilo zezindlu kunye nkawu. Umlomo i kwicala peritoneal. Ukusuka namanye amalungu ukuba azakubalulwa phambi kwenkqubo ngokwaneleyo kwegazi kunye wamathumbu, esiphela ingquza.
5. Pentastomida okanye iyingcongolo na, ezo ulwimi-olwaye lwamfimfitha manzini umbungu-efana kunye nomzimba omncinane, સંસાધક isisebenzisi efanayo.
6. Onychophora okanye pervichnotraheynyh - enikezelwa ezidla ezisentlabathini emzimbeni elide apho kukho ukuya ku 43 izibini imilenze.
7. Tardigrades - eziphilayo ezincinane izibini ezine imilenze.
8. Arthropods.

izilwanyana Deuterostome okanye deyterostomy ziquka ezi ntlobo zilandelayo izilwanyana:

• chaetognaths;
• poluhordovym (nadkishechnodyshashie kunye krylozhabernye);
• echinoderms;
• Pogonophora;
• chordates;
• graptolites (neeminerali).

Izigaba zophuhliso deytorostom bengasiqondi. Kukholelwa ukuba zazivelela yabo yaqala kunye ezingenamqolo multicellular ukuba musa yendlela yokwenza imigca iwela protostomes. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba izinyanya ezi deuterostome worms asezantsi, ngubani zibizwa ngokuba ziintlobo bakudala protostomes.

Yintoni umahluko ukusuka protostomes deuterostome

Ukongeza yokwakha ugwebu zimelwe ngomlomo, kwaye deuterostome protostomes izilwanyana ayifani iqela ezinye iimpawu:

1. Kuba eziliqela amaqanda ngamaqela: ekuqaleni ke iphiramidi, uyalele imisebe, kwaye eyesibini - Spiral (non-uniform).
2. Coeloms ngokubekwa iindlela (ngomlomo): y protostomes zophuhliso yeendonga zasesekondari nemingxuma iqala hlula iseli, ngoxa lunamaqoqo akhiwa deuterostome pouches umbungu nakwa.
3. Kulandele genesis ubuchopho: in protostomes - yenzeka mdala, kwaye eyesibini - sinciphile kwaye zibekwe kwindawo entsha.

Ngoko ke deuterostome kwakhona ngokuba abantu vtorichnomozgovymi.

Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba deuterostome kunye protostomes izilwanyana ube ngukhokho eziqhelekileyo wayephila kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-500 ezigidi eyadlulayo elwandle Edikarskom. Habitat for izidalwa yaba kolwandle, apho wafudukela, esebenza isiliya ngomvumbo othambekele kwi esiswini, wondla ngokusebenzisa Mpondwana ukuba Ikubuthe ukudla. Mhlawumbi emva umzimba diff inxalenye deuterostome zomawokhulu bodwa yaye isetyenziselwe ukuba bembe ukuba umaleko ixesha precoat.

protostomes Deuterostome kunye nezilwanyana ziyafana kuphuhliso kunye nesakhiwo. Kodwa kwakhona bethule inani lweeyantlukwano, kangangokuba abalandeli zabo zahlukile.