Yintoni na le ndlala yebhinqa? Uphi na ingqondo?

Iimfihlakalo umzimba womntu musa uphelelwe kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi ilandelelana. Yaye ngoxa izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba ingqondo yebhinqa, kusekuninzi ayaziwa. Le ndlala ezidalwe ibekwe phantsi uqweqwe i zifaka yobuchopho kwi iinqwelo emathanjeni yokakayi.

IGunya ngokumila ajikelezayo kunye nobukhulu encinane, oko: Umlinganiseli 0.5 g Abantu abaninzi bayazi apho ingqondo yebhinqa, kodwa malunga nokubaluleka indima guess ephunyeziweyo bonke. Ukubaluleka kwale ndlala kunzima ukuba zazi, kuba ichaphazela ukutya, ekukhuleni kunye nophuhliso.

Ubume ingqondo yebhinqa: abalinganiswa

Human pituitary yahlulwe kabini: inxalenye ephambili (ebizwa ngokuba adenohypophysis) kunye nenxalenye angasemva (neurohypophysis). Kwakhona inobudlelwane kunye ngxenye ngokusebenzisa ifanele. Ivela kule yinxalenye posa izinto kuwa ezivuselela imveliso hormone. Zombini ezi share umsebenzi walo phantsi kweliso le ngxenye, nangona ukuba lo mzimba ephakathi kwaye ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yonyango lomzimba womntu.

lobe sobuKristu

Ukunika uphawu le nxalenye, siza kuphendula umbuzo wokuba yintoni le ndlala yebhinqa. Ubume nomhlehlo sobuKristu iquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli ezidalwe glandular. Yena, ke, nayo yahlulwe iindawo ezininzi:

• Distal. Ikhupha imali enkulu hormone.
• Tubular. It is a phambili kowangaphambili, kodwa imisebenzi ayaziwa, ekubeni lo mmandla ayiqondakali kahle zizazinzulu.
• EsiPhakathi. Ukusuka isihloko kucacile ukuba ibekwe phakathi ezimbini ezichazwe apha ngasentla.

Le Isakhiwo ingqondo yebhinqa. Imisebenzi nomhlehlo sobuKristu zibalulekile kwi ummiselo iinkqubo ukusuka kwindawo komzimba lwembono (kumayelana ukukhula, kukhutshwe kwaye zisanyisa, stress). Lo msebenzi wenziwa enkosi hormone peptide ukuba senze kwiinjongo amalungu: amaqanda, isibindi, adrenal, lengqula, etc ...

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, kolawulo isithinzi ekunene babe zifaka ezinkulu ingqondo, oko kukuthi le ngxenye. Le nxalenye ujongene hormone, prolactin, lengqula ekuvuseleleni hormone, follicle-oluvuselela kunye luteinizing ihomoni, beta-endorphin.

Ngomva nomhlehlo ingqondo yebhinqa

Le ndima iqulathe amacandelo amathathu, angala, ukuhlanganiswa luvo share ifanele stem kunye ukuvelela udibaniso. Izazinzulu zithi lwesi sakhi kwingqikelelo le ngxenye, kunjalo ezifana iihomoni yebhinqa njengoko yioxytocin kunye vasopressin, ingqondo uvelisa uthe isakhiwo. vesicles Neurosecretory i ichibi kwezi hormone phantsi nobungakanani elaneleyo ukuba angene igazi.

share interim

Oku imelwe umaleko obhityileyo iiseli, nto leyo akhiwe phakathi kwezinye iinxalenye ezimbini. Lo myinge kwakhona ukusebenza yincindi melanocyte-inkanuko.

imisebenzi ndlala

Ngoku ukuqonda kakuhle ukuba angenza ntoni na ingqondo yebhinqa, ngokusebenzisa inkcazelo imisebenzi yayo. Umzekelo, nomhlehlo sobuKristu uvelisa ezininzi hormone protein. Ukusetyenziswa prolactin unoxanduva ukuvelisa ubisi olwaneleyo kwabasetyhini phindeke. Ukwandisa hormone imfuneko lokukhula yomzimba. Ukuba incinane, uphuhliso lomzimba wayeka, yaye le ndoda ingaphinda kuhlala ezincinanana. Xa kakhulu hormone, kunokwenzeka ukuba agcine ukukhula kakhulu.

Ukuze yempilo esinobubovu lengqula, ingqondo yebhinqa uvelisa lengqula ekhuthazayo hormone. Kwimeko yokuhlukunyezwa kungaba nemiphumela emibi. Xa neuron adrenal kuchaphazela hormone adrenocorticotropic, kunye nophuhliso esini kunye lokufikisa ixhomekeke estrogen kunye testosterone - neenkunzi iihomoni zesini namabhinqa.

Ngomva nomhlehlo ingqondo yebhinqa kakhulu. umsebenzi yalo ekuqulunqeni sele ichaziwe iikhompawundi: yioxytocin kunye vasopressin. Hormone lokuqala ithatha inxaxheba yindibanisela izihlunu agudileyo emathunjini, isinyi inyongo kunye womchamo. Yioxytocin kukhuthaza yindibanisela izihlunu zesibeleko ngexesha ukungqubana yezizwe. Kwakhona, le hormone iveliswa ukwenzela ukunciphisa incum, nto leyo eya kuba negalelo ekuveleni kunye nophuhliso ubisi. Le nto inceda izintso baphethe isodiyam ukwenza inqanaba igazi lakhe lifinyele. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zombini isithinzi ukwenza imisebenzi yabo bengaxhomekekanga mntwini.

ingqondo yebhinqa kwaye zifaka palsy idityaniswe umlenze ecaleni apho imithambo ezincinane ezibonelela ukondliwa umzimba. Oogqirha bathi ukuba asiyiyo yonke imisebenzi yalo nobubovu wafunda ngokwaneleyo, yaye ukongezelela Yindibanisela imichiza, kukho enye inxalenye element. Imali ngqo zamadlala kuhlelwe akafunyanwa.

Iingxaki kunye ingqondo yebhinqa nezifo elandelayo

Kwindlela eqhelekileyo yokusebenza ingqondo yebhinqa ibonelela ngesiqinisekiso impilo yabantu kade. Lo mzimba - uhlobo lolawulo lomzimba ejongene nokulawula intsalela iihomoni eziyimfuneko ukuze umntu. A indima enkulu ebomini bethu idlala ingqondo yebhinqa. Ummiselo isoloko kantu bangafumana iimpawu ezibonisa isifo esithile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kuninzi oluvelayo iihomoni (kakhulu okanye kakhulu encinane kakhulu), umntu basenokuba kakhulu yonyango disorder okanye izifo.

Ukunqongophala hormone athile Uxhokonxwa yokwahluka umsebenzi lengqula, hypothyroidism, ukubanjwa ukukhula, umntu uba yingqakumbana. Kwakhona elo nxeba hypopituitarism ukuba ukulibaziseka ukufikisa emntwaneni okanye lukwakhuthaza ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ekuzaleni abadala.

i ngokugqithiseleyo hormone igcwele akukho neziphumo ngaphantsi emibi. Kulo mzekelo, izifo ukuthanda iimpawu ezifana uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, isifo seswekile sinwenwa, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nenkqubo zokuzala, ukwanda enkulu (gigantism).

zolwaphulo thaca - yinto ngenxa ukusebenza engaqhelekanga le ingqondo yebhinqa. Bona ekhatshwa yonyango kunye pathways syndrome, oludityaniswe kumiswa zophendlo lwezifo kwindawo ethile yomzimba yebhinqa. Xa inyama glandular abanokwenza ithumba elihle othi "Adenoma". Unobangela kwesifo libe onakeleyo okanye ukhakhayi, ezikhokelela ekonzakaleni kwengqondo okanye neuroinfection.

Yebhinqa adenoma: yintoni eyona?

Ebeleni ngohlobo ithumba kwandisa nge xesha, ubukhulu bayo uba amakhulu, kwaye iqalisa ukuvelisa uxinzelelo inyama glandular into ngaphakathi ukakayi. Uphawu ephambili uba yonyango kunye pathways syndrome, nto leyo sikhatshwa utshintsho Opthalmo-luvo kunye nokulungelelana ukuphazamiseka kwamadlala.

Izikhalazo ezingundoqo izigulane abatyelela ugqirha zezi: yintloko kuloo ndawo apho ingqondo yebhinqa, utshintsho endle ezibonwayo, iintshukumo iliso kakuhle. Uxilongo kunye nonyango lwesi sifo uneempawu zawo kunye Izimo ukuba emiselwe yi-gqirha, kuxhomekeka kuhlobo sifo. Kwimeko yamathumba ezinkulu, ukuba akukho Izimo, sebenzisa ungenelelo inxeba, kunye nemfundo asuswa.

Ukuba umntu ofunyenwe microadenomas kunye ubungakanani obuncinane, oko akulubeki ingozi enkulu, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba unyango akukho mfuneko ukuze enze, njengoko ukunyuka ithumba, eyethisa, kwaye kusafuneka lunqamle lona.

Types of adenomas yebhinqa

Ukuhlelwa Education wathabatha isiseko umbandela ubukhulu. Ngokutsho oku, microadenomas apho, netoti leyo iisentimitha ngaphantsi kwesibini, kunye macroadenoma ukuba imilinganiselo ngaphezu kweesentimitha ezimbini. Ukuba ugqirha uye urhano ngenxa yesifo, isigulane kufuneka bangenele uviwo lwezonyango kunye nemagnethi umfanekiso livakale (olufinyeziweyo njengoko MRI). Ezi ndlela kusenza sikwazi ukubona uhlobo nethumba.

HIV baphethwe japan liya kuqesha unyango kwizinga eliphezulu. Isigulane liya kufumana amachiza amayeza sithathele ingqalelo yezifo.

Unyango Drug and radiation - yeyona ntlobo zisebenzayo unyango lwesi sifo, ezaziwa ngayo yezonyango. Inkqubo ukuphilisa yi ngamnye kakhulu kwaye kuxhomekeke sokusebenza umzimba womntu, ngokunjalo nendlela kwenzeka esi sifo, yintoni sigaba sophuhliso yayo.

Ukusebenzisa unyango wave radio unyango kunye ezichaphazela iziko lwezidumbu, uphawu lokuqala inqanaba lesi sifo. Ukuba uhlobo adenomas inkqubela, ngoko nangoko kufuna uqhaqho.

ityala Eyingozi kunqabile kakhulu - adenoma yebhinqa okwenzeka abasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Ngelishwa, microadenomas ezinjalo kakubi contraindicated, nokuba ungenelelo amayeza okanye radiotherapy, njengoko iimpembelelo kunokuchaphazela kakubi olungekazalwa. Into kuphela ukuba babe noogqirha - kukuba ukulawula esi sifo. Umfazi xa aza kuzala, nethumba progressive unqanyulwe. Ngenxa yoko, izigulane ezifana ukunika abantu abane kakuhle.

isiphelo

inqaku thaca inikeza impendulo umbuzo wokuba yintoni na ingqondo yebhinqa, yintoni imisebenzi ngayo, yintoni ukunyhashwa zinokwenzeka kwaye iziqhamo. iqhekeza Little amancinci omzimba womntu, kotoroya iba nefuthe elikhulu. Oku kubonisa ukuba zonke umzimba kuyimfuneko yaye kubalulekile!