Yintoni ke intliziyo ECG? iimpawu zokugula

Igama elithi "ECG" imela "electrocardiogram". Irekhodi lomzobo neemvakalelo zombane intliziyo.

Intliziyo yomntu iye ipacemaker yayo. pacemaker ibekwe ngqo kwi intendelezo ekunene. Le ndawo kuthiwa esiludumbo sinus. Ngokungxama ivela kule elisisiseko, ngokuba lo mnqweno sinus (yaye oko kuya kukunceda ukuze ziqonde ukuba ziya ECG). Lo mthombo la entliziyweni ngokwayo yenza ngamaza ombane. Ngaphezu koko, zithunyelwa kwindlela nokuqhuba. Eyenza abantu ngaphandle isifo sentliziyo, Uhanjiso kwentliziyo uwele inkqubo rhoqo. Zonke pulses ephumayo ezashicelelwayo nezathi iboniswe kwi tape cardiogram.

Kulo kulandela ukuba ECG - electrocardiogram - into ngokucacile yiminqweno yakhe intliziyo nkqubo ebhalisiweyo. Enoba ECG iya kubonisa iingxaki ngentliziyo? Kakade ke, le ndlela enkulu ekhawulezayo ukuchonga nasiphi na isifo sentliziyo. Ngaphezu koko, lo electrocardiogram yindlela olubonisa leengxaki ezininzi ezingundoqo ekufumaniseni kunye nezifo zentliziyo ezahlukeneyo.

ECG izixhobo wadala indoda eliNgesi A. Waller emva yoma kwinkulungwane XIX. Kwiminyaka eli-150 izayo, umatshini ukuba ubhala umsebenzi wombane intliziyo, ithe utshintsho nokuphuculwa. Nangona umgaqo osebenza ayikatshintshi.

ambulensi Modern banikwa mfuneko kweeyunithi eziphathwayo ukuba ECG, ngazo ungenza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ukwenza electrocardiogram, ukonga ixesha ezixabisekileyo. Ngoncedo lwe ECG usenokude ukubeka loo mntu unesifo. ECG uya kubonisa iingxaki ngentliziyo kwizifo oyingozi kwentliziyo ukuya iposi engabalulekanga. Kule meko, akukho kunexesha lako, yaye ke ngoko ixesha ukwenza cardiogram unako ukusindisa ubomi.

Oogqirha angama ngokwabo ukuwuqonda i tape electrocardiogram kwimeko izifo ezihlasela zosulele, xa umatshini ibonisa ndamelwa yintliziyo, ngoko, kuquka siren, ngokukhawuleza athwale isigulane esibhedlele, apho kwakukho khona uncedo olungxamisekileyo ziya kunikwa ngoko nangoko. Kodwa kwimeko iingxaki esibhedlele engxamisekileyo ayikho kuyimfuneko, konke kuya kuxhomekeka oko kuya electrocardiogram.

Kwezinye iimeko, ukutyumba i electrocardiogram

Ukuba umntu ukho ngezantsi ezi mpawu zixelwe, eli cardiologist ukuwalathisa kwi electrocardiogram:

• imilenze kalanga;
• niphele;
• ube nephika;
• intlungu kwentamo, iqolo, iintlungu apha entanyeni.

ECG ngokuyimfuneko inikwa abasetyhini abakhulelweyo ukulungiselela isaveyi, abantu ukulungiselela kutyando, nokuxilongwa kwemizimba yabo.

Kwakhona, ECG iziphumo ezifunekayo kwimeko uhambo ukuya kweso sibhedlele, okanye ukuba ufuna ukuvumela naziphi na imisebenzi kwezemidlalo.

Yokuthintela ukuba umntu akanayo naziphi na izikhalazo, oogqirha bacebisa ukuba bathathe electrocardiogram kanye ngonyaka. Ngokufuthi oko gciwane isifo sentliziyo, nazimpawu.

Yini na ECG

Kwi tape ngokwalo ECG unakho ukubonisa iseti amazinyo, ngokunjalo izimo. Ezi prongs bamele oonobumba P, Q, R, S kunye T. In yonke ezama lihlola cardiologist kwaye decodes nobubanzi, ukuphakama kwamazinyo, ubungakanani kunye therebetween izithuba. Ngokutsho kwezi zalathisi, ungenza ukufumanisa imeko yonke imisipha yenhliziyo.

Ngoncedo i electrocardiogram ikwazi ukubona nezahlukahlukeneyo izifo zentliziyo. ingaba ECG ayinakubonisa wahlaselwa yintliziyo? Kakade ke, ewe.

Yintoni ebonisa ukuba electrocardiogram

• izinga Heart - rate Intliziyo.
• Le izingqisho kwentliziyo.
• ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• Arrhythmia.
• Ggipertrofiya ventricles.
• utshintsho kobuchopho kwaye kardistroficheskie.

Uxilongo kakhulu ukuhla kwaye elibi ECG - oku iposi engabalulekanga. Xa lokufunyaniswa engabalulekanga ECG ludlala indima ebalulekileyo, yaye phambili. Nge cardiogram ibhaqwe indawo necrotic kunye nobunzulu zalapha ekhaya kwabo izitshanguba yenxalenye kwentliziyo. Kwakhona, xa etolika tape ECG unganokuqonda, yaye ukwahlula phakathi iqhosha etsolo engabalulekanga kunye kwemithambo evela amanxeba elidlulileyo. Ngoko ke, ngethuba indlela uvavanyo lonyango kuyimfuneko ukwenza cardiogram, kuba ugqirha kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuba ECG iza kubonisa.

Amaninzi, isifo sentliziyo inxulumene ngqo entliziyweni. Kodwa oku akuyonyaniso. ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo angenzeka na emzimbeni. Ngamanye amaxesha lung engabalulekanga (tissue lung xa besifa ngokupheleleyo okanye inxalenye ukuba ukuvaleka kwemithambo).

Kukho iqhosha ebuchotsheni (kwezinye stroke kobuchopho) - ofayo isicwili sobuchopho, ababonayo babe imbangela thrombosis okanye komsipha kwemithambo yegazi lobuchopho. Xa iqhosha lengqondo unyamalale ngokupheleleyo okanye balahlekelwe imisebenzi efana intetho, iintshukumo zomzimba novakalelo.

Xa umntu ndamelwa yintliziyo eyenzekayo emzimbeni wakhe ofayo okanye abahlala ijwabu necrosis. Umzimba ulahlekelwa inxalenye kwithishyu okanye ilungu, yaye enze imisebenzi loo mzimba.

iposi engabalulekanga - ofayo okanye iinxalenye necrosis kobuchopho ngqo okanye inxalenye imisipha intliziyo ngenxa iyonke okanye inxenye ilahleko igazi. iiseli kwemisipha wentliziyo baqala ukufa emva malunga 20-30 kwemizuzu emva ejikeleza iyayeka. Ukuba umntu kwenzeka iposi engabalulekanga, nokuphazamiseka nokuhamba kwegazi. imithambo yegazi enye okanye ngaphezulu sihluleka. Kwiimeko ezininzi isifo sentliziyo zenzeka ngenxa isitya occlusion thrombus (umonakalo atherosclerotic). Kwindawo infarct obubungqongo kuxhomekeke ukuphazamiseka yelungu, umz, iposi olubanzi engabalulekanga okanye microinfarction. Ngoko ke musa nangoko siwele lithemba ukuba ECG ibonisa isifo sentliziyo.

Oku ngokuba uloyiko lokuba ukusebenza yonke yegazi lomzimba ubomi engozini. Kweli xesha mihla, isifo sentliziyo zizinto ezo ezikhokelela yokufa phakathi kwabantu kumazwe phambili.

iimpawu ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo

• Nesiyezi.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Intlungu entanyeni, nomlenze, apho kunikwa ngasemva, baphelelwe.
• xhopho Cold.
• Isicaphucaphu, umuva nenzaliseko.
• Imvakalelo yengxinano esifubeni.
• Heartburn.
• Khohlo.
• chronic fatigue.
• Ukulahleka onombilini.

Eyona engundoqo zesifo iposi engabalulekanga

1. ubuhlungu obukhulu entliziyweni.
2. Ntlungu na ipheliswe emva nitroglycerin.
3. Ukuba ubude intlungu ngaphezu kwemizuzu eli-15.

Izinto ezibangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo

1. Yamafutha.
2. Rheumatism.
3. yesifo senhliziyo.
4. Diabetes osegazini.
5. Ukutshaya, ukutyeba.
6. Kwegazi.
7. Vasculitis.
8. Le viscosity eyandisiweyo yegazi (thrombosis).
9. Imbali angaphambili engabalulekanga.
10. ziba ezimandundu kwemithambo yenhliziyo (umz, cocaine reception).
11. utshintsho ezinxulumene-Age.

ECG kwakhona ikuvumela ukuba bachonge ezinye izifo, ezifana tachycardia, arrhythmia, ukuphazamiseka kobuchopho.

arrhythmia

Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba ECG wabonisa arrhythmia?

Arrhythmia ingachazwa ziinguqu ezininzi ukuhla kwireyithi entliziyweni.

Arrhythmia uthathwa imeko apho kukho aziqhelekanga isingqi lentliziyo kunye nezinga intliziyo. Amaninzi, le ngezifo ukwehluleka intliziyo uphawu; isigulana okukhawulezayo, uVuyo ke kade. Ukunyuka waphawula ngexesha eyinkuthazo nokuncipha - xa siphefumla.

angina

Ukuba isigulana kuvandlakanywa iziqephu intlungu phantsi breastbone okanye ngasekhohlo kuyo ngesandla sakhe sasekhohlo, elinokuthatha imizuzwana embalwa, kodwa elinokuthatha ukuya kwengama-20, i-ECG iza kubonisa angina.

Iintlungu idla kubi xa ephakamisa enzima, amandla enzima emzimbeni, xa bengena kubanda kwaye zinyamalale ukuphumla. Okwehlileyo ubuhlungu ezinjalo imizuzu 3-5 ngexesha uthatha nitroglycerin. Ogulayo ulusu sakuba lube ukubetha kwentliziyo kakubi ebangela ukuphazamiseka intliziyo.

Angina - le yenye iintlobo nesifo sentliziyo. Amaxesha amaninzi nokuxilonga angina kunzima kakhulu, kuba loo utshintsho kwakhona kwenzeka xa ezinye ezimbi inhliziyo. Angina banakho kunokubangela isifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo.

tachycardia

Abaninzi wakhathazeka kakhulu xa befunda ukuba ECG yabonisa tachycardia.

Tachycardia - ukunyusa izinga intliziyo ukuphumla. Le izingqisho izicwangciso zentliziyo tachycardia unako ukufikelela ukuya ibetha 100-150 ngomzuzu. Le leengxaki angenzeka abantu abakubudala, lo gama ukuphakamisa iintsimbi okanye umsebenzi phezulu komzimba, kwakunye ukuvukelwa enamandla ngokwasengqondweni-iimvakalelo.

Sekunjalo, tachycardia kuqwalaselwa mhlawumbi hayi sifo kodwa iliphawu. Kodwa akukho akanangozi. Ukuba intliziyo beats ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungabikho xesha ukuzalisa ligazi, okungabangela ezingakumbi ekuncipheni imveliso igazi yokunqongophala kwe-oksijini emzimbeni, kwaye imisipha yenhliziyo ngokwayo. Ukuba tachycardia ihlala ngaphezulu kwenyanga, oko kunokukhokelela yokuphazamiseka ngakumbi kumsebenzi imisipha sentliziyo kunye nokwanda ubukhulu entliziyweni.

Iimpawu uphawu tachycardia

• Isiyezi, niphele.
• Ubuthathaka.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya.
• ixhala Ukwandiswa.
• Ukuziva eyandileyo izinga kwentliziyo.
• ukusilela Heart.
• Intlungu kule ndawo esifubeni.

Izinto ezibangela tachycardia ingaba: isifo senhliziyo intliziyo, zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, sesichengeni ityhefu, utshintsho kobuchopho.

isiphelo

Ngoku kukho izifo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo intliziyo, enokuthi ikhatshwe iimpawu ebuhlungu buhlungu. Phambi kokuqala unyango, kubalulekile ukuba wenze sifo, ukukhangela unobangela wengxaki kunye nokuphelisa xa kunokwenzeka.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, mayenze electrocardiogram yindlela ephumelelayo kuphela lokufunyaniswa ezimbi kwentliziyo, nto leyo nayo engeyongozi ngokupheleleyo elula. Le ndlela efanelekileyo bonke - abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, ngokunjalo ukuba olufikelelekayo, kakuhle kwaye ulwazi kakhulu, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko zobomi mihla.