Yintoni ibonakele umchamo lo isayizi?

Iziqulathi kwi umchamo - oku uwisa umngxuma encinane kakhulu tubules sezintso. Ubukho ubufaka ezinye iingxaki zempilo. Cylindruria kwenzeka ngenxa kwezintso ukusilela product. Njengomgaqo, oku kubangelwe nasiphi na isifo.

Bona zafunyanwa ngexesha uhlalutyo umchamo iyonke (OAM olufinyeziweyo). Olu hlalutyo Kucetyiswa ukuba ngokupheleleyo bonke abantu baye esibhedlele. OAM kunye olupheleleyo wegazi (olufinyeziweyo pat) kunceda ukuchonga iqela iingxaki kunye nempilo umguli. Kwakhona, le OAM kunye pat - ukuba inkqubo eqhelekileyo ukuba kuphando ezintsonkothileyo.

Iziqulathi kwi umchamo lo mntwana

Umchamo niba yokusabela asidi kancinane. I-pH akufuneki ngaphezu ezisixhenxe, ubuncinane - emihlanu enesiqingatha. Iisilinda eqalisiweyo umchamo, nto leyo asidi. Ukongeza, le OAM unakho bonisa kwenani protein.

Inkqubo zokubumba ezi imizimba ezincinane ithi kukho iingxaki kunye nezintso. Ngokwesiqhelo, le iisilinda ukuze abekho umchamo, kodwa hayi ngaphezulu kwe ezimbini emehlweni.

Iindidi noonobangela

Iziqulathi kwi umchamo ukuba abunjwe ngeendlela ezininzi:

• protein;
• iiseli epithelial;
• erythrocytes.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba bomelele emzimbeni kuso okanye protein ukutya - oku isizathu nokuchongwa hyaline single luhamba Umchamo.

iisilinda ezintathu zonke bumi:

• hyaline;
• granular;
• angwevu, anencindi.

Kule grainy nangoku zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezininzi:

• erythrocyte;
• leukocyte;
• epiteliallnye.

hyaline

Hyaline nesilinda kwi umchamo - lo hlobo luqhelekileyo. Ngaphandle, ukuba selubala kunye eyohlobo olulodwa. Iziphelo ziye rounded njengesilinda. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba iyunithi (emibini) iisilinda hyaline ibhaqe ngenxa umchamo - oku ke kuqhelekile ukuba umzimba usempilweni. Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, isizathu sokuba oku ukusebenzisa ziiprotein yokudla. Ukuba umchamo bafumana isizathu kungaba:

• jade;
• nesifo sezintso;
• emzimbeni;
• CCC zoxilongo (yegazi);
• isifo sesibindi njalo njalo.

grainy

abumbe Granular kwi umchamo unokuba kweentlobo ezimbini:

• umxhesho ontlakantlaka-olungisiweyo;
• esihle.

Babonakala ngenxa umonakalo tubules zezintso. Ngaloo ndlela iba izinto cellular. Ukuba ibonakele umchamo lo hlobo cylinder, oku kubonisa iingxaki ezinkulu kunye nezintso:

• glomerulonephritis;
• utshintsho sclerotic;
• nephrolithiasis;
• neoplasm elibulalayo kakhulu wezintso kwaye njalo njalo.

angwevu, anencindi

Iisilinda angwevu, anencindi kwi umchamo yayahlukile kwesama kwezinye iintlobo, njengoko kufuneka libe nesakhiwo ashinyeneyo efanayo ukubonakala amafutha. Lo ngumqondiso embi kakhulu kwizifundo, olu hlobo akwitankana ibonisa ukuba ezinye tubules atrophied ngokupheleleyo kwaye ukuhamba umchamo kubo zilahlekile.

Iisilinda angwevu, anencindi kungabonwa ukufunda umchamo kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• termialnoe (agonal) karhulumente ;
• glomerulonifrita kakhulu ezingapheliyo;
• amyloidosis sezintso;
• syndrome nephrotic;
• umonakalo yityhefu izintso njalo njalo.

erythrocyte

Ngoku, ngokufutshane malunga isilinda erythrocyte kwi yokuchama. Bona wabumba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: kwizakhiwo hyaline ukuba ngaplastiki okanye ekulandelwa ezibomvu iiseli isakhiwo. Ngoko Erythrocyte nto ingase zingahlukaniswa ezininzi isakhiwo njengesilinda. Oku kunceda ukuchonga hematuria (oko kukuthi, ubukho lombhobho kwi umchamo). Kukho iimeko xa eyohlobo olulodwa. Kulo mzekelo, isizathu kungaba:

• glomerulonephritis olunamandla;
• iqhosha sezintso;
• umthambo thrombosis njalo njalo.

Ukubakho iiseli ezibomvu egazini - oko kusoloko zophendlo lwezifo. Ngaphandle kolu hlobo na ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• umbala sinombala;
• imiphetho kungenziwa ezifeleyo;
• iziqulathi krobo.

Ukuchonga cylinder erythrocyte kufuneka kuphandwe izinto entsha kuphela. Bethetha izifo izintso womchamo.

leukocyte

Iisilinda yezifo kwi umchamo ungenza kucace kugqirha, hlobo luni inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo na kwinkqubo wokuchama yesigulana. Laboratory, leyo liqhuba olwalo uhlalutyo, kufuneka ubonise ukuba uhlobo isilinda ezifumaneka yokuchama. Ngoku ngokufutshane malunga ngolunye uhlobo - cylinder leukocyte.

Ekufumanekeni yale fomu kubonisa kwezifo, pyelonephritis phakathi leyo, nokudumba, lupus nephritis njalo njalo. Bona kwakheka ngenxa adhesion of leukocytes ukuya hyaline matrix. cylinder Leukocyte phendla kunzima kakhulu, kwaye isifundo umchamo intlenga, zinokuba bedidekile iimbono epithelial, esiza kuxubusha ngoku.

epithelial

cylinder Epithelial - isakhiwo protein oluthi luqokelelane ngokuvala iiseli epithelial. Ngenxa yoko, beza bevela? Isizathu sokuba imfundo yabo ixhomekeke utshintsho yokubola dystrophic kwi tubules. Efumanise olu hlobo sibonisa izifo sisiba mandundu le izintso.

Ukuze babonakale kwi nomchamo kwezigulane ukusilela kwezintso kutshanje abaye baba umsebenzi lokususa. ukufunyanwa kwabo kubonisa ukuba ukufakelwa saliwe yi ngumzimba. Nangona kunjalo, oku akusosizathu kuphela inkangeleko yabo emhlabeni yokuchama. Ukuba kwenzeka nini:

• nephropathy tubular olunamandla;
• glomerulonephritis;
• iimeko terminal, njalo-njalo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukubonakala olu hlobo isilinda izigulana glomerulonephritis - i (isixhobo ukoyiswa tubular kuze kuqhotyoshelwe lesibini nephrotic syndrome) embi kakhulu mqondiso.

isidali-bala

Olu hlobo sembaleni siquka igazi, apho kufuneka umbala omdaka. cylinder sombala akhiwa ngayo kwiimeko ezimbalwa:

• ukutofelwa igazi engahambelaniyo;
• ngokunxulumene zinetyhefu njalo njalo.

Saphinda ukhumbule ukuba zonke iziqulathi ukuze ibonwe kuphela umchamo asidi, ekubeni ukusebenza ialakalin ngabo destructively. Umchamo asabela obrak, ukuze ubulungisa bubalelwe elibhaqiweyo okanye langoku, kodwa mpimo lowutsongo.

Xa luphando akufuneki silibale ukuba ukuze kubekho pseudocylindrical lisekwa yencindi yomlomo okanye netyuwa mochekisloy.