Womzobo "Las Meninas" uPicasso: inkcazelo, imbali kunye nohlaziyo. Pablo uPicasso kaThixo "Las Meninas. Ngokutsho Velasquez" 1957

Izoparafraz - abizwa ukuboniswa okanye graphic umsebenzi, ephefumlelwe imizobo enye mculi. Okukhona umxholo umbandela eqala kunokuba umdla master indlela ofuna look entsha kwi obukhulu eyaziwayo, kungona wokubaluleka zokwazisela enjalo.

Series "Las Meninas" lwemizobo yi uPicasso, wadala emva kokudalwa Velasquez kakhulu - isiphumo wentsebenziswano phakathi buchopho ezimbini, ndilibalule kwexesha, kodwa isikali italente efanayo wengcibi yokuluka.

Velazquez wobuciko

Le ukupeyinta, wadala yi Diego Velaskesom (1599-1660) iminyaka emine ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, kufuna ukungena ngokuthe ngcembe kunye Eyokuqiqa elide. Luzele iimfihlelo kunye kwezizinto ukuba ivumele yochazo kuvela kwisizukulwana esitsha ngasinye abaphandi kunye nabathandi zobugcisa.

It baphela kakhulu, ukuqalela igama. Spanish Las Meninas ( «umkhonzazana of imbeko") ibeyinto wavuma, nangona imizobo inani eziphambili - intombi eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala kumkani Spanish Philip IV - Infanta kaMagarita. Le Isinikezeli Ubungakanani 2,76h3,18 m kuthiwa self-umzobo Velázquez, ngokuba nomfuziselo wegcisa phambi ngelaphu enkulu, elijongeka ngenyameko kungena abaphulaphuli, abalulekile ngaphantsi inkosazana omncinane neqembu layo.

Apha kukho ukwabelana kuphela umfanekiso sibini yobukumkani, isigqibo njengoko ngumfanekiso engacacanga esipilini. Ngenxa yoko - ngakumbi iyelenqe iinketho: opeyintayo inkundla wabhala Infanta omncinane nomsindo ukuza abazali yobukumkani, okanye yena uxakekile usebenza ekundleni umfanekiso omkhulu Philip IV kunye nomfazi wakhe Marianne, abangenisa intombi kuphela.

ngabo

Zonke ngamaqhawe "Las Meninas" unalo igama ibali wamnikela phantsi nge kwexesha. Oku kunika ubuso ezongezelelweyo imifanekiso adalwe Velázquez. Isicakazana ngodumo kak María Sarmiento ukuba kowtow ifake ngokusela inqanawa nenye intombazana yasebukhosini ngubani na engutyeni ekhaya yaye enkulu awukwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo, kwaye kunyanzeleke ukuba ukugcina yokuma ngokungqinelana yokuziphatha engqongqo. langoku nje enye intombazana, indela le abandwendweli kunye yamafanankosi le Infanta. freaks kuphela, iyahlekisa benza ngokwemvelo. Ezincinanana Maria Barbola ngebhongo ubonisa umvuzo yasebukhosini kunye nonyawo ezincinane Nicolao siqhuba eTibet enkulu.

Umpeyinti bayazithanda inkosazana encinane, ubhala iinkcukacha abo neqembu layo. ngabo kuye kuxhomekeke bayahlelwa zenkundla kwakhe kuphela, akazange Ngokuce ukondela kunye iinzame ezingaphezulu. sibini Royal - nabadla ezingacacanga esipilini, yaye onke Marshal iyadi - ukuma mzobo emnyango, kunye iimpawu zobuso umehluko contre.

Velasquez - bili lokwenyaniso ukukhanya kunye nokwakheka. Nkqu ababephila oncomekayo nemvo ubunyani eyahlula "Las Meninas." Isiganeko msebe supplement isithuba ithunzi ukukhanya yaye kungakholeleki nokwandisa ibali exelela wizard. Eli bali Iyandonwabisa abantu kangangeenkulungwane ngaphezu amathathu, ukudala unxulumano zabo. ukubaluleka kwakhe ethile "Las Meninas" uPicasso wadala ngexesha nezinye iindlela zobugcisa kunye neenqobo zenkcubeko.

uphuhliso amagugu

Pablo uPicasso (1881-1973) wayeneminyaka eli-14 ubudala xa kuqala efika kunye noyise wakhe Prado kwiMyuziyam Madrid kaThixo. Ukususela ngoko, Velasquez waba kunye Goya, El Greco, Delacroix, Courbet, Poussin ukuba nempembelelo esiluqilima ekubumbeni iimbono mculi ku ihlabathi phezu womzobo. Ngoxa ukufunda i Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando (1897-1898) yena wayexakekile bekhuphela imizobo ezi mvumi, zingangeni "anatomy" zabo, bezama ukuba atyhile iimfihlelo legalelo babo bemilingo kwi abaphulaphuli.

Nendwangu Velasquez yandichukumisa umoya emangalisayo ngokwasengqondweni, ukuntsonkotha ulwalamano phakathi abalinganiswa, igcisa nombonisi. Xa memoirs ababephila, ngamaxesha awohlukeneyo, nezingqino ezininzi zeprojekthi nokunconywa uPicasso misebenzi Velazquez, ngokoqobo, ukwakhiwa ezizodwa kunye nobuchule aphezulu zobugcisa inkosi.

In his legacy - imizobo ezininzi kunye nomzobo waphefumlelwa umzobo yi Velazquez. Ngowe-1957 uPicasso Association ukusuka 'Las Meninas "kubangele kuthotho enkulu, apho web ufakwa ngokutsha olunzulu kunye nocazululo ebangele ukuba ukuzalwa neemvakalelo ezintsha kunye nemifanekiso engalindelekanga.

History of indalo

Lwabo "Las Meninas" uPicasso wadala phantse kanye amathathu eminyaka emva Velazquez. Yena ukusebenza kulo mjikelo ku-Agasti ukuya kuDisemba 1957 e Villa yakhe kumazantsi eFransi. Oku kuquka 58 imizobo zabo bonke ubukhulu kunye namaqondo yosetyenziso "Menin" iintshukumisa. Apha kukho enkulu ezinombala kunye nombala ukutolikwa yonke imizobo nemisebenzi ezincinane ebonisa abalinganiswa ezinkulu nezincinane. Uthotho uPicasso kaThixo "Las Meninas" iqulethe improvisation free ngokupheleleyo, ngaphandle usingiselo ngqo, kodwa ophefumlelwe imifanekiso Velazquez.

Lo msebenzi kudla kunganxulunyaniswa ixesha kade kakhulu uPicasso. Kuyabonakala nokungabikho kumakhamandela engqondweni nenkalipho ngendlela obugcisa, ezibe sisiphumo kwinzame ngobuchule obukhulu kwaye abathandwa inkosi ixesha elide. Ichaphazela inkululeko kunye nokuzithemba ngayo reinterprets uPicasso kaThixo "Las Meninas." isimbo sakhe yokudweba kolu ngcelele - ngumfuziselo umoya eksperimenti reformism, nto leyo isiqulatho ephambili lonke ubomi inkosi. Xa usebenza umjikelezo wegcisa wayeneminyaka 76 ubudala, yena waphumelela kunye nokuqondwa phakathi iingcali kunye noluntu, nangona abanye kubona imisebenzi yakhe phezu imixholo iinkosi elidlulileyo banqwenela ukuba soyise amathandabuzo malunga nokubaluleka kwayo.

UPicasso kaThixo "Las Meninas": Inkcazo

Umfanekiso, ukubeka off uthotho uPicasso zaveza Agasti 17, 1957. Le ngelaphu enkulu wajika ezinombala kwaye ibonakala phahla. Xa sisincoko ukuba uPicasso, ngokwahlukileyo ukuya yakuqala, tye ekhohlo, uyakwazi ukubona zonke abalinganiswa. Apha phambi umbhali, igcisa, Infanta kunye layo ezincinane yakhe, kubonakala esipilini ukumkani nokumkanikazi, nkqu inja. Kodwa ke olukhulu, leyo phantsi nemifanekiso yabo yonke imihla mfanekiso, ukudala i ekhoyo entsha ngokupheleleyo.

Nokuba uthelekiso kwabenzi mizobo "Las Meninas" yi Velazquez kunye uPicasso ityhila enye indlela eyahlukileyo ukuya coverage nobunzulu kweqonga njengendlela yokuthetha. Mu kuya kwa nshita umthombo yantlandlolo, leyo ibetheke ukuthembeka ukuhlela ukukhanya nasethunzini, kuba ingcaciso entsha umlinganiselo mba ngokucacileyo ngaphambili ebonakalayo kunye nezithuba wu- ikhuhliwe a studio enkulu. Kodwa xa wathulula ukhanyiso osecaleni egcinwe blinding umsinga emnyango emva Marshal, umgca ngaphantsi kwimilo silhouette kwinkundla laconic. Weqonga ekukhutshelwe le "ndoda black" - yinxalenye encinane imvakalelo ukuba yakha ngelaphu kuphela.

Uqaphele kwaye luvuleleke kuwo kwimbono kumboniseli siza kubona indlela uPicasso incedisana kwaye Kuchaza isiqulatho yokuqala. "Las Meninas" yi uPicasso ukubonisa umxholo imifanekiso ezintsha ukuluqonda. Lo mzobo wegcisa liyakhula libe isakhiwo elikhulu, akha ngelaphu isakhiwo phantse bokwakha. cross Hypertrophied kwi Velazquez yakhe esifubeni, ngokutsho ilivo eyabhalwa ukumkani emva kokufa mculi. Umkhonzazana ngodumo ukuthatha ngumkhinkqi efana ndlongo. Seven ne inja ngathi ikhathuni, kodwa kwinqakwana ayinayo umlinganiswa lula uburharha ecocekileyo.

Ukuthelekiswa izixhobo ezibonwayo

aphathe olubonakalayo "Las Meninas" ezahlukeneyo Too yi Velázquez ne uPicasso. Ukuthelekiswa ubuchule ezintle kubonisa ngokucacileyo kwiinkulungwane ezintathu ixesha umahluko. UPicasso oyinhloko ezibonwayo - geometrization kunye nefomu nolahlo ngokubanzi. Indawo iba ngathi ngumfanekiso kwi yohambo zeglasi eyaphukileyo. I-eneji ozelwe impefumlelwano kwimigca moya, kunye nemifanekiso olusengqiqweni kufakwe neesimboli kunye iimaski.

Oku icaca xa sisincoko ezinombala athathelwa indawo yemizobo multi-elimbala. Umbala elicebisa ngayo ibali, enika isimilo uPicasso. Xa ngobuwena mnye, umbala omthubi kulo mzobo ka Infanta ulunika i ukukhanya ekuseni, uxhathise bume silwe. Kwenye - ubuso yomntwana iba unxantathu emhlophe nabomi, luphawu ukufa naziphi na iimvakalelo zabantu phakathi ephila izithethe engqongqo. Mizobo yi uPicasso, ngokunjalo, iziphumo ezahlukeneyo kuphela representational sokuqala, kodwa ukuba isiqulatho lwesemantiki mfanekiso likuvumela ukuba ukuthelekisa cala. Velazquez and uPicasso kaThixo "Las Meninas" itolikwa njenge isigcawu entsonkothileyo, luzele umxholo phantse zoncwadi.

enye ifilosofi

okuchithwa Virtuosic of Velazquez kunye uPicasso abalinganiswa ulwimi zeplastiki injongo enye - ukubonisa iimbono zehlabathi, ulungelelene kwiilwimi zesiNtu kubo. Ngoko ke kunzima ukubona umanyano lebyi ngokuthelekisa imifanekiso. "Las Meninas" yi Velazquez kunye uPicasso lilungu kwawo amaphakade, kaninzi okwahlukileyo. Umbuzo umelane umculi abasemagunyeni amasiko kunye ngezigaba, umhla kwinkulungwane XVII, aguqulwe kwinkulungwane XX, ingxaki indima yobugcisa kwihlabathi lanamhlanje.

Xa umsebenzi uPicasso nokusombulula iinjongo jikelele ethile. Nezilinganiso indawo isimo esitsha igcisa usapho ukuba lo mthombo uphambili wokukhanya ngumshumayeli. I-mbini ubume boluntu, a zobulumko efanelekileyo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX, uPicasso ichazwe ngokucacileyo. umkhonzazana wakhe isenokuba iintshukumisa ngumsindo kunye ndlongo, Marshal ubonakala silhouette okubi emnyama, uphawu ukubandezeleka zamaKristu. Nkqu inja xa omnye nekhupha kokusebenziseka lihlekisayo omnye uba ezoyikekayo ingcuka-like gongqongqo.

Kodwa le yinxalenye nje imiba bulumko, ezo zahlalutywa iinkosi. Iindidi imiba ephakanyiswe, ukuba umbukeli isigqibo ngokwayo - ekumgangatho ophezulu, nto leyo eye umfanekiso "Las Meninas" yi Velazquez ne uPicasso. Le ipropati jikelele zonke kunye nobuchule buchopho ezimbini Spanish.

inkululeko yokusebenzisana

Kunjalo, umahluko kwindlela ukuya ngesisombululo uPicasso kunye Velazquez Imisebenzi okudala inkulu kakhulu. Ichazwe apha iba kudidi zingqondweni kwimizobo, yeSabelo ngendlela kolu indlela yokuphila kwinkulungwane XVII kunye uphendlo esibangela iinkokheli lwemizobo omtsha ngexesha zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Womzobo "Las Meninas" yi Velazquez kunye uPicasso ibethelela kakhulu ngokucacileyo. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo kubungqondi lokugqibela esa avant-garde kwinkulungwane XX nto idala kwihlabathi esekelwe unina, kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwi ienjini yakhe. Kunzima ukuba sikholwe ulwazi intshukumo nganye uPicasso nengqiqo ngokupheleleyo nayiphi na elementi ngelaphu. Malunga Velasquez le ndlela Kucacile ngakumbi.

Ebambelele na, eyona ingabalulekanga into yokuqala, uPicasso uza nemiphumela emangalisayo. Ukwenza ngaphandle kumgca lokuqala obhityileyo nkqo emva ezincinanana Nikolasito nokuzoba ingqalelo kwisikhundla engaqhelekanga yeminwe bakhe, nguye kwenye ngobuwena kudala umfanekiselo nopopi, idlala harpsichord.

Inkululeko yombutho kunye nomfanekiso olukhulu ke ingakumbi ukubabulala, xa uthelekisa umfanekiso. Velazquez and uPicasso kaThixo "Las Meninas 'izaliswe emininzi usingiselo ukwasikhombisa, kwaye ukhetho le wobugcisa njenge ukumangala wempembelelo ngokuphelele ngeke ngengozi. Nathi Imizobo ezimbini ukutyhubela iminyaka ibonakala. Amaqhina, linegama wobugcisa senkulungwane XVII, ngendlela yaso sesiyifumene ngelaphu enkulu avant-garde. Ngelo xesha ezininzi iingxaki ezibangelwe uPicasso phambi abaphulaphuli, lixesha.

"Las Meninas", Velázquez kunye uPicasso: Ukuthelekiswa

Yintoni umahluko omkhulu phakathi obukhulu ezimbini?

• Le mizobo bangamalungu izimbo ezahlukeneyo wobugcisa. Velasquez - inkosi ezimbejembeje, uPicasso - inkokeli lobugcisa jiang-garde
• Umfanekiso yokuqala ngobambana ngokoqobo, abalinganiswa uPicasso kwemiqathango.
• Main uPicasso wadala uthotho ezinombala, Velazquez wasebenzisa umbala a palette sisityebi.

Baye into efana:

• Abstract ngokulwa Umfuziselo we uPicasso, ngathi yakuqala, unalo ibali ethile ibali ukuzalana abalinganiswa.
• Iindidi imiba ephakanyiswe, isixa esininzi - indima wegcisa kunye nobugcisa ehlabathini kunye noluntu.