Vlad Kolosazhatel: engobomi, impumelelo, ibhodi umdla facts

Akukho imbali ephakathi eYurophu loo mlawuli, ubomi wakhe iya kuba yimimango iintsomi ezininzi, njengokuba vlad III, umlawuli Wallachia ezincinane kunye abangenagama. Noko ke, iindlela zayo ezizodwa zolawulo kwaza kwabulawa eneenkani amenza igama elibi, nditsho phakathi kwabantu bexesha lakhe, baqhele yonke into. Kuninzi sele singazihoyi, ezininzi kwemoto, kodwa vlad Kolosazhatel, ogama engobomi kakhulu engaqhelekanga, waza wahlala engqondweni yoluntu vampire semfene Bala.

Ukudideka iziteketiso

Kwazalelwa umlawuli Wallachia, wavele nje ngo-1430, umhla ngqo na ongaqinisekanga ngayo. Wayesazimisele enxibe igama elifutshane vlad III. Tepes - isiteketiso, leyo yanikezelwa kamva. In ngesiRomania lithetha "inani" yaye yanikezelwa kuwo ukuba umkhwa elimangalisayo ukwenza izaphuli ngale ndlela.

Ngelo xesha uyise, vlad II wahlala Tigishoare ukuba yayo. Unina waba Moldavian okweqanda Vasiliki.

Isiqhulo "Dracula," apho waziwa, i Tepes elandelayo ukuba ilifa kuyise. "Dracula" vlad II ngelika ngenxa yokuba lilungu Order of the Dragon, eyasekwa yi eyathatha neNgonyama Hungarian. Sele hospodar, waqala ukusebenzisa ngokubonakalayo umfanekiselo irhamncwa basentsomini kwi iinkozo, amakhaka imbali, neengubo iingalo. Emva koko wavuka isiteketiso Dracula.

ebuntwaneni

Ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka esixhenxe, i vlad Kolosazhatel elizayo, osapho kamva landa emva kokuzala enye indodana Radu, wayehlala nonina, uyise nabazalwana e Tigishoare ukuba yayo. Vlad II ngoko itrone ezingenamntu ukumkani, waya Wallachia.

Imeko yezopolitiko kule ngingqi kwakunzima gqitha ngaloo minyaka. Wallachia Little kuloo minyaka waba elungelelanisayo phakathi yamaKatolika Hungary kunye Muslim Turkey. Vlad II yakuthobela Turkey, kuba athe entolongweni irhuluneli entolongweni Hungarian Janos Hunyadi.

Emva uthotho iingxabano zomkhosi, vlad II wabuyela etroneni Wallachian kunye kwemvume baseTurkey, kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwabo, kwanyanzeleka ukuba angenise kwinkundla oonyana Sultan ezimbini - vlad kunye Radu.

abe Tepes

Ngoko ke, xa ndandineminyaka engama-14 ubudala vlad kunye umzalwana wakhe waya ungabaxeleli Sultan of Turkey, apho wachitha iminyaka emininzi. Ngokutsho chroniclers ngaloo minyaka, iye yatshintsha kakhulu ixesha elichithwa kude nekhaya. nobundlobongela kakhulu, ukungalingani ngokweemvakalelo - zonke isiphumo leeholide ngenkani kwibhotwe umthunyelwa मेसेजिंग, apho okufanayo akwazi bukela inani nokubulawa-mthetho ngendlela ephucukileyo. Mhlawumbi apho kwakukho ukuvela yamanani ezifana vlad Kolosazhatel. Ngubani na lo, ngoku ezaziwa phantse wonke.

Wathi esekude unyana kwi ubume uyise bathinjwa yaba etroneni uKumkani Wallachia eshushu. uyise Dracula kaThixo, vlad II ekuzimanyeni waqukumbela zomkhosi Hungarians, ngoko nangoko kubo. Yaphelela ukuba Yanosh Hunyadi ngo-1446 walungelelanisa ukubhukuqwa wayenguphum recalcitrant. Vlad II bamnqumla intloko, ke yona eyomninawa wakhe omdala Mircea Dracula wangcwatyelwa ephila.

Okokuqala iza amandla

Vlad Kolosazhatel, afikelele ebudaleni, wagqiba ekubeni athabathe revenge for ukufa kwabantu ababathandayo. Kunye nenkxaso ye-butho Turkish, wangena Wallachia waza wayindulula iphaphethi Hungarian Vladislav.

Ngoko nangoko yaqala uphando oonobangela ubhukuqiwe ngenxa apho utata wakhe wabulawa. Ngexesha elifutshane Akusondela ityala izinduna ezisixhenxe.

Noko ke, umnqweno ukuziphindezela elo xesha wahlala enerisekanga. Yibone Hungarian Yanosh Hunyadi Dracula evakalise mthethweni umlawuli Wallachia, yaye ngowe-1448 kwakhona amalungiselelo ukubhukuqwa okungafunekiyo ngaye Prince.

Ebhadula eMpumalanga Yurophu

umlawuli ngehlazo Kwanyanzeleka ukuba ushiye Wallachia. Vlad Kolosazhatel ezininzi ziye kwindlu ngendlu ngamanene ezahlukeneyo ezincinane. Yena wachitha iminyaka eliqela e Moldova. Apho wazakhela ubuhlobo nerhuluneli itrone aseMoldova Stefan. Emva koko, oko kuya kumnceda ukuba esihlalweni sobukhosi.

Vlad Dracula Impaler waqhubeka ngamandla kwi-luvo ye-lokumkani isiHungary, naxa ubume ekuthinjweni kunye sponger kumaphondo zingabalulekanga. Yanosh Hunyadi wathumela iileta ngumsindo efuna ukuba nanto yakwenza Dracula onke akhonze zakhe.

Le meko iye defused enye imfazwe ne Turkey. Ngowe-1456 Western Yurophu waqalisa ukuqokelela yenkolo nxamnye Ottoman ngenjongo bangabavumeli wabuyela eConstantinople. Ngelo xesha, ukumkani isiHungary uba ingxabano ezincinane kwizifundo zakhe zangaphambili, kunye vlad Kolosazhatel cwaka uyafika yayo.

Kanye ngeli xesha lendela Franciscan zifumene amavolontiye ukuba ahambe eConstantinople phakathi kwabantu basekuhlaleni. Ngenxa yezizathu eceleni, yavala indlela eya amarhamente akhe umkhosi Faith Orthodox. Vlad Tsepesh, njengoko amakholwa isiRomania Church Orthodox, wasebenzisa le nto waza wacebisa amajoni sokulahlwa ukujoyina squad, uye Wallachia.

Board Impaler

Ngowe-1456, vlad Dracula kwakhona ithumba itrone Wallachian nokuhlala kanye apha iminyaka emithandathu. Ukuba alawule womile wakhe ukuziphindezela, yena iyaqala uphando kokufa kukayise wakhe kunye nomntakwabo omdala. amanqaku amaninzi phendla i izinduna asekuhlaleni lamanga babe izinto zabo uphumezo ezoyikekayo.

Vlad Dracula Impaler waququzelela ukwamkelwa elikhulu kwibhotwe lakhe, nto leyo wamema bonke ngamanene kutshabalala. Ifunwa izinduna abangcatshi kunye noxolo lwengqondo beza esidlweni, apho wayebambe kulitshabalalisa ngobuninzi undesirables.

Kwaba kunyaka-ezintandathu nokulawula Wallachia ngeendlela ezininzi kwaye kwasekwa umfanekiso yeedemon Vlada Kolosazhatelya. Ezili eTurkey, nguye bangamakhoboka iindlela evuthiswe kukubulawa ngokuxhonywa kwaye asetyenziswe ngokusebenzayo ke ezintshabeni.

Ukuba hospodar Wallachia, Dracula aqubude bazisa ukunyaniseka neNgonyama Hungarian, kodwa oku akuzange kumthintele ukuba athathe behlasela ezininzi zibe yayo.

Ngexesha lolu hambo wathabatha kwempi enkulukazi kunye ngumlawuli Brasov Dan. Emva kokoyisa nempi yakhe, vlad ngaphandle ziimvakalelo encinane amalungiselelo ekubulaweni kwenqwaba wamajoni kuthinjwa. Ke kunye nabo, wabeka phezu esibondeni kwaye bonke abafazi ababehamba umkhosi. Ababephila enemibala lichaza ezi ziganeko, wongezelela ukuba amajoni Tepes wabopha iintsana ngoonina ngexesha lokubulawa.

Noko ke, kwiZigaba Aphakathi - ixesha impikiswano. Kunye amabali inkohlakalo ezintsonkothileyo ka Dracula, kunye nobungqina lasekhohlo kolawulo lwakhe lobulumko emhlabeni wabo. Le ngemizekeliso emininzi yesigqibo kaSolomon Dracula ekusonjululweni kweembambano, ukungabikho lobusela kwi Wallachia zabhalwa lesikhumbuzo samandulo iincwadi - "The Tale of Dracula-irhuluneli", ubunjwe unobhala nonozakuzaku Russian e Hungary Fedor Kuritsyn.

Kwemfazwe Turkey

Wallachia Little phantsi abalawuli ezahlukeneyo isalusa ngoko eTurkey, emva koko Hungary. Ekugqibeleni, vlad Tepes Impaler wenza isigqibo sakhe sokugqibela waza waqalisa neemeko nxamnye Ottoman. Oku inophawu umzabalazo lwangaphakathi kunye izinduna kunye nokomeleza amandla yayo epheleleyo. Vlad abalimi bexhobile, abantu, ekubabutheni kakhulu, enempi enkulu.

Ngowe-1461 Dracula wavakalisa ukwala wakhe ukuba ahlawule irhafu ukuya Sultan kwaye povyrezal lonke ulawulo Turkish phezu kweendonga weDanube.

Ukusabela Mehmet II laqalisa omkhulu 100 amawaka umkhosi ilifa Tsepesha. Ndimele ndithi ukulwa umlawuli okhohlakeleyo kungaba mnandi. Ibali ihlala ukuhlasela ebusuku odumileyo eyenziwa ngabo ngoJuni 1462. Ngumkhosi encinane nje-15 000 abantu kubethwa elihlazo ukuya armada ikhulu lamawaka Turks and kwanyanzeleka kokurhoxa. Ngexesha ekulweni, vlad wasebenza nzima kakhulu kwaye kabuhlungu. Zonke amabanjwa wathumela ukuba ubalayo; kwandule ke ukulwa umoya nebhongo Ottoman yaqala ukuna kakhulu.

Mehmed II Kwanyanzeleka ukuba siphumele, wasuka amajoni yalo Wallachia. Kodwa uloyiso wamajoni ibuye ibe kwachithwa vlad. Matthias Corvinus, uKumkani Hungary, bagqiba ekubeni ikheswa ngumlawuli onamandla kakhulu ezithile yaye wenza Tepes entolongweni ngezityholo mbumbulu-up umbuso.

Le minyaka yokugqibela Dracula

iminyaka elishumi elinesibini ayichitha entolongweni, vlad, kodwa zange kwaphula umoya wakhe ukuba alawule. Ngowe-1475 waphuma entolongweni, ngokungathi akukho nto yenzekileyo waya emfazweni njengenxalenye-mkhosi wokumkani isiHungary. Ukuba omnye nakubathetheli babantu, wathabatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi e Bosnia nxamnye Turks, wanceda umhlobo wakhe omdala Stephan Enkulu wathethelela Moldova.

Oku ne vlad yokugqibela wenza esinye ukubuyela Wallachia, apho Wabuya wabathabatha itrone ngokwakhe, relegating le phaphethi Turkish Loyotu Basarab.

Noko ke, emveni kokuphuma aseMoldova-namahlakani bashiya abantu abambalwa kakhulu abathembekileyo. Ngaphantsi konyaka njengoko alawule Loyota walungelelanisa ukubulawa uKumkani.

Bonakalisa Impaler esikweni

Umfanekiso eyimfihlakalo of Count Dracula, ikude kakhulu abakuso, kwasekwa phantse angamakhulu amahlanu eminyaka emva kokufa vlad kaThixo. Xa gqira emva kwenkulungwane XV yanyatheliswa isincoko ezinye Michael Martin Behaim - "The Story of avezwe", nto leyo ngokucacileyo kwaye ngokweenkcukacha ichaza "uqulukubhode" kunye nemizekelo Tepes zenkohlakalo.

Noko ke, de kwenkulungwane ye-19, waqhubeka ofayo nje, lo gama umbhali Bram Stoker akazange athathe umhlobo emfutshane kunye kwimbali eMpuma Yurophu. Phlegmatic waseBritani yandichukumisa inkanuko zamaxesha, kwaye ingakumbi umfanekiso Impaler imibala nge nickname ezimibalabala ngokulinganayo Dracula. Ngenxa umlawuli peni Stoker Wallachian ibuye ibe noquqela kwabafileyo emnyama kunye vampire kunye namandla kwemvelo.

ukuziqhelanisa umboniso kuphela inqwaba ukubethelela umfanekiso engqondweni yoluntu, kwaye Count Dracula namhlanje zifana mncinane kakhulu proto bokwenene-ubomi babo.