Valaam Island. Uphi na Nqabakazi Valaam

UBhileham - esikhulu, onamatye, Bathiwe wambu Nqabakazi eluhlaza e Lake Ladoga. Territory singene omnye 2 Russian "yalilizwe emishini." Inani labemi lencinibakazi - lendela, foresters kunye nabalobi.

Kweli nqaku, sihlolisise into ekhoyo kunye Valaam Valaam leziqithi.

General incazelo leziqithi

Valaam Archipelago - bethanda North Ladoga.

Ngokusemthethweni, le ndawo ibekwe kwidolophu Sortavala yokungeniswa (Republic of Karelia).

Iyonke ndawo - 36 ubude macala onke. km ubude lonxweme - ngaphezu kwe-150 km, esi siqithi ufikelela umphakamo we-70 eemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. zokupaka ngamandla lungqamane (okanye skerries) imithi kunxweme layigubungela (ikakhulu nompleyini), amathafa engca kunye namasimi.

Xa iyonke kukho iziqithi 50 (Crosspoint, Bayevye, eMoscow, Nikon, Skitsky, umBhaptizi, ukuzithethelela, Divny, wamzalela, Emel'yanov, lenyengane, Rocky, Zosimy, Irorho, oat, Onion, Nikolsky, njalo-njalo), Kubandakanya ubungakanani yabo ochukumisa ngakumbi umi imiphini (indawo ka-28 ubude macala onke. km). Yeyona zokusonjululwa igama elifanayo buvele Valaam yoTshintsho Monastery.

Kukho hermitages yaye kwezinye iziqithi: umBhaptizi, uNicholas Svyatoostrovsky kwi siqithi efanayo; ESmolensk kunye All Saints kwi ngayo. Skitsky; Avramiya Rostovskogo (Emelyanov island). Uninzi iziqithi ezidibene omnye nomnye kunye iibhulorho ezinkulu uBhileham.

Uphi na Nqabakazi Valaam?

Nqabakazi ise inxalenye esemntla omkhulu Lake Ladoga. Amaninzi, yonke ezibizwa uBhileham. I siqithi ibekwe 22 km ukusuka nezwe.

Le ndawo kuhle unique ngokwembali. Gorgeous kwezi ndawo kunye nemvelo: rocks ezintle moss ezigqunywe kunxweme Lake Ladoga, amahlathi evergreen coniferous kunye lwesakhiwo onobungangamsha oluhlaza main Kumbi Cathedral. Lo mmandla umdla kubakhenkethi abaninzi nje kuphela eRussia kodwa ngeenxa phesheya. Nature of Valaam leziqithi iyamangalisa.

imbali emfutshane

Settlement kwezi ziqithi baqalisa ukuba kwenzeka ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-10. Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-12 ngeyabo Novgorod.

Woonongendi ephambili waba inqaba ukuzithethelela, elasekwa ngenkulungwane ye-14. I balwa elidlavula siqithi 1611, bayonakalisa weemonki. Yathi yabuyiswa kuphela ngo-1715.

Njengenxalenye lencinibakazi Finnish wasebenza ukususela ngo-1918 ukuya 1940, ukususela ngo-1940, la mazwe abe eRashiya.

Valaam Nqabakazi, ingakumbi i Valaam Monastery, bema nelaye Orthodox Wazalwa ehlabathini lonke.

Kukho banentsomi yokuba isixelela ukuba Andrey Pervozvanny (umpostile) washumayela iindaba ezilungileyo zafikelela kude ngasemntla (malunga. UBhileham), apho Wamisa ilitye emnqamlezweni. Kwaye wabaseki nobuzalwane woonongendi eyaziwayo abangcwele uSergiyo kunye Herman - lendela ababeze kwilizwe Lake Ladoga ngenkulungwane ye-10 ukusuka kwi Greek.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uBhalam kanye kwelinye lamaziko nakubuchule inkulu eRashiya. maxesha anzima ubunzima eMonastri ukususela 1917 kunyaka yimbali.

Ngowe-1950 ekwakheni woonongendi kunye hermitages umiwe amagqala abakhubazekileyo, okhubazekileyo ngengqondo egula nesifo sephepha. Ngowe-1984, iye yavalwa abantu abakhubazekileyo House, kunye imi--90 woonongendi wabelwa kwiCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya. Ngoku yena - ilitye lesikhumbuzo ebalulekileyo yehlabathi.

Valaam Island: iindawo ezinika, iimpawu

Amanzi indlela kwisiqithi Ladoga evula ubungangamsha uhlobo lwendawo: amaza elithambileyo edikeni, impepho, ama ezininzi, inyengane unxweme kunye Ashera pine. Apha uyakwazi ukufumana yokusabela yokwenene ngokomoya.

Valaam Nqabakazi phantse zonke izinto ezimangalisayo nembali nezendalo. Uninzi abakhenkethi apha nabasemzini okanye amaqela yabakhenkethi. Kukho kwakhona abahambi ezizimeleyo.

Valaam abemi esisigxina abantu nje kwama-200, kunye inkoliso yabo - lendela.

Ukongeza woonongendi, kukho kwakhona kwilali kaBhileham kunye lolwesiseko esincinci emkhosini. Ngandlel 'ithile, ulwalamano phakathi iimonki kunye nezehlabathi siqithi ezintsonkothileyo njengoko Solovki. Kwisiqithi odolo esekwe yi ngoogunyaziwe ibandla.

Xa Cathedral kukho ithuba lokuva odumileyo VALAAM ibandla ukucula, ngenkuthalo uvuselela mva.

Eyona onomtsalane nezinomtsalane endala - A. Svirsky woonongendi kwi ngayo. iikhilomitha Oyingcwele 8 ukusuka weemonki. Phantse zonke yoonongendi kwiziqithi kutsala ingqalelo nazo zonke iintlobo zabakhenkethi.

Kukho kwakhona indawo abo banomdla kwimbali emkhosini. Xa ngasezantsi. UBhileham walondoloza iintsalela Ufakelo zomkhosi le Mannerheim Line.

Yekelela kwi Valaam Nqabakazi - omnye kakhulu entle, enoxolo yothando.

Ngemvelaphi igama siqithi

Kungenzeka, igama siqithi iphuma kwi Finno-Ugric "Valamo" ulwimi, gama elo elithetha "umhlaba omkhulu, weentaba." Kwaye oku ingqinelana inkangeleko iziqithi ezininzi lencinibakazi.

iimonki Russian Ndandicinga ukuba amaqabane kunye negama igama lomnye abaprofeti yebhayibhile kaBhileham.

isiphelo

Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, xa umnini kuphela eMonastri omnye, Valaam Nqabakazi ngokuthe ngcembe ibuye ibe single kwisakhiwo esikhulu bokwakha nezendalo.

Kwimbali yalo ecaweni zakhiwa apha, iicawa, yoonongendi kunye izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo. iindlela kwakulele, wakha kwo phakathi ziqithi, iigadi ezintle elinywayo watyala kunye nemithi.

Valaam - omnye 4 ekhoyo ehlabathini lonke "republic emishini" (2 kubo Meteora neNtaba iAthos eGrisi no-2 e-Russia - Solovki kunye Valaam). Kodwa ngokungafaniyo i Solovki, ogama umniniyo imyuziyam-Reserve, phezu ngayo. Valaam isiko emishini waphila phantse ngokupheleleyo.