US Coins: photo kunye nembali

Umdla kwi US dollar, nto leyo eye ebilayo ixesha elide, ngenxa yezizathu zoqoqosho. Kodwa ukuthetha zemali ekhutshwe elo lizwe, hayi ngaphantsi. Imbali ibonisa ukuba kuzo urhulumente wayenolwalamano olukhethekileyo. Iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu malunga weza nendlela US walitshintsha ingqekembe, ufunde.

esizukulwaneni

Igama elithi "dollar" livela Czech. Ngaziphi koko eBohemia ukuze ngokuba iingqekembe zesiliva. Kamva kokuba uqambe mde. Kodwa xa ngo-1700 xa lobukoloniyali America nakwimikhwa yasasazwa eSpeyin, apho kwimilo kwaye ifuze iinkozo Bohemian, ezo zabizwa zeerandi okanye iipeso.

umthetho karhulumente

inkqubo yokuvelisa imali ilawulwa emibonweni ngurhulumente ukususela 1792. Emva koko yasungulwa Mint, nto leyo kwimbali yayo, benza zazinegama of lwemali hayi kuphela Melika kodwa Philadelphia, Denver, West Point, San Francisco.

umongameli US ngo 1792 umthetho apho $ 1 wayelingana 100 leesenti ezisayiniweyo. Ezi yamaphepha kusekho ezinkulu kweli lizwe. Kodwa isigama ngokungacwangciswanga kusetyenziswa amanye amagama: penny (cent omnye), nickel (5 cents), Dime (nickel ezimbini) Itanki = dollar enye (kungoko wabonakala igama elithi "buck").

Umthetho lwemithetho yenzelwe ukwazisa umba simahla eziinkozo kunye nitrogen ratio ecacileyo zegolide nezesilivere. Ngokwemiqathango ukujika xenga kwemarike athimba US iingqekembe, xabiso lazo elo ke linyuke ngenxa nokungazinzi kwamaxabiso metal. ratio Fixed kwaba 1:15. Kodwa release ngamnye itshintshe.

Emva ukwamkelwa koMgaqo-siseko we-United States Congress eye wavumela Bank ukuba akhuphe yamaphepha zokuzikhusela. Kodwa ukwenza okufanayo kunye namanye amaziko abolekisa ngemali. Ngenxa yoko, imali waba ngaphezu kwamawaka engamaphepha ezahlukeneyo. Nabakhohlisi ezi zemali, US iidola kusetyenziswa ngovuyo. Ekupheleni kwemfazwe yamakhaya, isinye kwisithathu engamaphepha enokusebenziseka iye ukuganga. ingxaki wagqiba ukuba iNkonzo Secret.

kwiminyaka elandelayo

"Gold Rush 'kwaqala ngo-1849. Coin "$ 1" wangena ejikeleza. Emva kwethuba kwakukho yamaphepha emahlelweni-3 no-20 zeerandi. Ukuze ukuxhasa imfazwe Confederation, Congress kwanyanzeleka kuNondyebo ukuze akhuphe yamaphepha zabo. Ezi "greenbacks" abazange banikwe amatye anqabileyo de-1878.

Act 1873 wazibhukuqa bimetallism nomgangatho igolide bayizisa. Silver sele yorhwebo kunye uphulukene iindleko zawo ezisisigxina. Le nkqubo yalandelwa deflation, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ngqesho. Iminyaka emininzi yobukho, le nkqubo yabangela ezininzi mpikiswano. Kodwa eyapheliswa kokufika Great Depression.

Iintloko okanye imisila

Umfanekiso lokuqala iinkozo US, iifoto enikwa kamva, oko wakhutshelwa ukusuka uAna Uthanda Binham, intombi umongameli First Bank. Xa uThomas Jefferson wayenza kuyilo Release Dzhon Rayh. Xa indima imodeli wenza intombazana kunye ikepusi waseFrigiya phezu kwentloko yakhe. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, uyilo iye yatshintsha izihlandlo eziliqela.

Le isiganeko ingenakulibaleka wakhululwa phantsi Theodore Roosevelt. Ngenxa imilo engaqhelekanga ukuba khaxa kunye eziinkozo US edandathekileyo ukwanda ezikhabhathini. Kweli thuba ukususela 1837 ukuya 1838 imali ziye zakhutshwa nge umfanekiso omtsha of Liberty. Kubo kubalwa intombazana ohleli phezu kwelitye, ephethe ngesandla sakhe ikhaka kunye «INKULULEKO» mazwi. Noko ke, impazamo yenziwa umculi. Isandla sokunene wakhangela ezinkulu kuno ekhohlo. Kodwa, le ngqekembe wayesele ejikelezayo iminyaka engama-50. Ngenxa nokwanda kwenani elikhulu leesampuli sverhstaryh ngo-1892 kwakukho reissue abaninzi engamaphepha.

Emva kokuphumelela yehlabathi yokuqala ukuvela "Uxolo Dollar" apha ngasemva. It baboniswa ukhozi kunye nesebe omnquma, ehleli phezu kwelitye kunye «UXOLO» mazwi.

iingongoma ezibalulekileyo

Okubaluleke kakhulu kukuba le ngqekembe "$ 1", apho wafumana igama layo ukusuka wokukrola - "Morganist". Ukususela 1873 it kubalwa ngegolide. Act 1873, nto leyo iyarhoxiswa bimetallism, abachaphazelekayo abanini kwimigodi zesilivere. Kodwa emva kokuba ukuthengwa omkhulu yeendleko iinkozo metal maxa wambi wagqithisa ixabiso ebusweni babo. Ngenxa yoko, amanqaku ibhanki kwakhona waqala zetyeleba zegolide (1878) kunye wemka ukususela ngo ihlelo 3 zesilivere 5 neesenti.

Emva le-Great Depression ngasemva kwakukho ingqekembe "US cents 25" (Quarter). Yaba yeyokuqala, apho Liberty - uphawu iphambili Melika - kubekwa eWashington. Lo mkhuba ke phindwa amaxesha amaninzi. Isampuli 1964 iyasetyenziswa kungoku nje. Kwakukho iisampulu ezintsha 10- kunye nesenti-50 yesilivere inani elikhulu zobuzwe. Ekuqaleni, bathi Dime "Mercury" Inkululeko abazotywe ngayo cap waseFrigiya ngamaphiko ukuba lwalubonisa revolution. On the reverse eyaboniswa blade usisixengxe kunye namasebe omnquma. Le miqondiso bebonakalisa ukukulungela ukukhusela nomnqweno uxolo. Iisampulu baba cents 50 "izikhwebu" ibe iflegi yesizwe. iisenti US (iingqekembe) ukususela ngo-2010 yaqala ukuvelisa nezinki, nobhedu nickel ingxubevange.

ekhethekile

Ukwanda umdla engamaphepha US abachaphazelekayo zazinegama uthotho zemali yokukhumbula. Series penny eyahlulelwe ukuba Abraham Lincoln. Oku kuquka iisampuli 4. Ngomhla elingemva ngalinye ukuboniswa izigaba ezibalulekileyo ebomini buka-Abraham. I obverse ubonisa iprofayile kaMongameli 16 US. WeNtlokoma uthotho eveliswa ngo-2009 kwenziwa ye zinc wawutyabeka ngobhedu. Uyilo kwisampula leyo ngasemva, ezichazwe Lincoln Memorial.

iisampuli ezizodwa nickel, nickels, wabonakala ngo-2004. Kwicala obverse umzobo Thomas Jefferson. Zonke iinkozo US imifanekiso eyahlukileyo ebonisa amanqanaba yophuhliso West:

• Imbasa "Ukufunyanwa Yehlabathi '', nto leyo inikwa nxaxheba hambo ukuya kuphuhliso West.
• Isikhephe kuyo Lewis Vilyam Klark wenjenjeya imimandla of America.
• Imboniselo yabucala inyathi imfuyo - isilwanyana sibaluleke kakhulu kwiinkcubeko abaninzi kwizizwana of America.
• Ngenxa emdeni Pacific Ocean.

Kodwa uninzi bonke abaqokeleli abanomdla imali eesenti 25 (Quarters). Sampula wokuqala isikhumbuzo yakhululwa ngo-1976. Ngomhla obverse ongumfanekiso George Washington. On the reverse - le obetha kunye nanjengezikhuni uloyiso, singqongwe iinkwenkwezi 13 (inani Eyokuqala ithi kweli lizwe).

Of akukho umdla ngaphantsi le ngqekembe "50 States", nto leyo ukukhululwa sidluliselwa iminyaka eli-10. Ngeli xesha, lona kwiisampuli-5 ngonyaka ngamnye. Le ngqekembe copper kunye nickel ingxubevange. Iparameters: ubukhulu - 24.3 mm; ubunzima - 5,67 g, ubukhulu - 1,75 mm. Quarters yokukhumbula ukuthobela ngokupheleleyo nomgangatho.

isiphelo

Zemali US zokuqala ejikeleza kwinkulungwane XVII. Baye zazenziwe isiliva kunye negolide. Njengento ebalulekileyo yoyilo sele bakhuthaza elide isimboli yelizwe - inkululeko. imifanekiso yalo zaye zacinywa kubafazi adumileyo kunye sihle ixesha. Uyilo mba nganye zatshintsha. Le obverse iisampuli mihla incwadi enemifanekiso yabantu oomongameli US, belawula kule minyaka. On the reverse - iisimboli yoxolo, amandla kukarhulumente kunye nokulungela yokuzithethelela.