Uncedo lokuqala ukopha. Iintlobo ukopha kunye nokubonelela zoncedo lokuqala

uncedo lokuqala ukopha - iintshukumo ejoliswe ubanqandayo. Yiba nolwazi yaye bakwazi ukuvelisa wabo wonke: kwenzeka imeko eza kufuna amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuze lincede ixhoba kuzosa uncedo abaqeqeshiweyo. nawe kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka inyathelo ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo.

ukopha Uphawu: First Aid

Bona azakubalulwa uhlobo isitya yonakele. Kufuneka ube uyakwazi ukubona zonke iintlobo ukopha. uncedo kuqala kuxhomekeke koko yonakele emzimbeni. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ukopha zezi:

1. Capillary. Eyayiphazamisa isidima impahla encinane (okanye ngaphezulu).
2. Blood. Sibulawe kwemithambo esuka entliziyweni. Wopha kakhulu kwaye kusongela ukufa yexhoba ukusuka ukopha, ukuba akunjalo ngokukhawuleza athathe amanyathelo.
3. Lwemithambo. umthombo wegazi ayikho olunzulu njengoko lwemithambo, kodwa nazo.

Ukongeza ukopha ezicacileyo, yangaphandle, yaye ngaphakathi apho. Kufuneka bakwazi ukuqaphela: isibonelelo kwangethuba lokuqala zoncedo lokuqala ukuba ukopha em- lwangaphakathi iphucula kakhulu amathuba nexhoba (okanye isigulane) ukuze asinde.

capillary ukopha

Masiqalise kunye meko alula, sinokuthi, ngemihla. Umonakalo emithanjeni kuqhelekile, ingakumbi ebantwaneni kunye nezixhobo nokuba abangafezekanga vestibular. amadolo ezaphukileyo kunye iingalo ripoffs - njengoko ukonzakala njengesiqhelo ukuba abazali zinxulumene uzolile. uncedo lokuqala ukopha kubangelwa capillary ingqibelelo ukungathobeli, kakhulu ovele: iintsholongwane kwaye bandaging inxeba ukuthintela usulelo. Kwimeko umonakalo nzulu nokuhamba kwegazi yavele kufuneka ukuba enze umhlabelo, ngokucindezela. Dibana nogqirha wakho kulo mzekelo, kuphela xa isigulane na amahlwempu ekunqandeni igazi.

Wopha impumlo

Enye inguqulelo yabathengi eliqhelekileyo ukopha. Oku kunokubangelwa ukuwa embi, xa umntu akanayo ixesha ubeke izandla zakho, ngempama ebusweni okanye komsipha benqanawa (umzekelo, noxinzelelo aphezulu izigulane unesifo). Yenza ixhoba ukubuphakamisa ubuso - oku ke into yokuqala abantu abaninzi kakhulu nokopha. uncedo lokuqala kuba, nangona kunjalo, yeyona nomkhwezeli. Amalungelo kufuneka ahlale phantsi kunye kancane phambili ukubhitya imiso kangangokuba igazi alifikeleli umqala kunye amarhanana - oko kunokubangela ukugabha kunye ekhohlela. Ukuba impumlo ayenziwanga ungaphulwa, oko elungiselwe swab ethatheni tight zifakwe peroxide, bebanjwe nangomnwe lo. Ngomhla kwebhulorho impumlo ibekwe umkhuhlane - akayi kuphela kukhawuleziswe hemostasis, kodwa ukunqanda ukuvela nokudumba, ukuba umntu enqamlezeneyo. kwemizuzu engamashumi amabini kamva, igazi oyekayo. Ukujonga ukuba kuyimfuneko ukumema ixhoba ukumtshicela - ukuba amathe ayiqulathanga igazi, abantu baphile ngokukhuselekileyo. Utyelelo kugqirha iyafuneka kuphela xa ezinjengokwaphuka empumlweni okanye ukopha ezingalawulekiyo.

lwemithambo ukopha

Eyona nto iyingozi lweentlobo engaphandle (kwaye ngaphakathi). Ukuba unyango lokuqala zoncedo olungxamisekileyo ne owophayo ngenxa yegazi ukuba ukufunda nokubhala okanye emva kwexesha, loo mntu uya kufa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Iimpawu ze umonakalo kwemithambo ngu:

• umbala oqaqambileyo kakhulu obomvu igazi;
• wagaleleka laphola;
• igazi lichaphazela kwi kwisingqi ubume.

Ukuba abalimele naphakathi kwimithambo, yalityatya ngokwamathambo ukuyiqinisa ngasentla inxeba, ixhoba ngokukhawuleza zisiwe kwiziko lonyango (i-ambulensi okanye izithuthi zabo). Ukuba inqanawa enkulu yonakele, kwesebe uphakanyiselwa ngentla kwemithambo inxeba watshintshelwa yi nangomnwe (ngenqindi xa kwemithambo femoral) - kuyimfuneko ukuyeka i "umthombo". Emva koko wamisa tourniquet. Ngokuqhelekileyo, a lezempilo ngesandla akwenzeki, ukuze imisebenzi yayo yenziwa umtya, isiqwenga ngelaphu, itawuli, ibhanti, inja nivele - ekufuphi. Ukusiwa kufuneka esibhedlele, kwaye kakhulu ngokukhawuleza.

phleborrhagia

Lubonakala olunzulu, kodwa hayi yeoli enomlomo, kokuphela egudileyo igazi elimnyama, umbala obomvu. Okokuqala, ukubonelela uncedo lokuqala ukuba ukopha ukusuka apho iphuma khona kukuba ukubeka ezicinezelayo iqhiya kunokuba ngokubanzi. Ukuba ujika ube kuphumelele, sebenzisa i tourniquet, kodwa kusebenza kulandela amanxeba. Ingalo okanye umlenze, njengoko kunjalo kwemithambo, kuyimfuneko ekukhuliseni kancinci igazi ukugeleza imilenze buthathaka.

Indlela yokwenza isicelo i tourniquet

Xa bleedings kakhulu oko ufunwayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle ukusuka kwindawo apho kufuneka ilungiswe, kuyimfuneko ukwazi indlela yokuyenza.

1. omzimba isabelo isilonda ngelaphu elicocekileyo ngaphezu inxeba (kwimeko legazi lwemithambo - ngezantsi).
2. Umlenze (isandla) iphakamile sibekwe nayiphi na inkxaso.
3. Le yeflakisi usasolulile kancinane, Kakade ke, ukuba une irabha yonyango ekhoyo. amaxesha amabini okanye amathathu ngokuthi uyigqume ngeenxa kwesebe, kwindawo ekunene ukuba umxokelelwane kunye umlobothi wakho ziqhotyoshelwe. Ukuba yokubopha yenziwa ngezinto ezifumaneka lula, Iziphelo nje ibotshelelwe.
4. Phantsi ngebhandishi note olungisiweyo ebonisa ixesha (malunga elinye minute) tourniquet. Akukho iphepha - data ibhalwe ngqo eluswini kude inxeba (ubuncinane ebunzi). Yigcine iiyure ezinde kunye iiyure enesiqingatha ehlotyeni kwaye ubusika igcwele ekuqaleni iziganeko necrotic. Ukuba ngeli xesha na kungakhange kube ukuya esibhedlele, ukutsha imizuzu elishumi isusiwe, kwemithambo okanye Vienna ngeli xesha ska ngesandla, kwaye emva kokuba "ukuphumla", wabuya isicelo.
5. inxeba wawuqalekisa ligated.
6. Ixhoba nangoko ukuya esibhedlele.

Ukuba ngaba Ukudumba apho kunye cyanosis ulusu iba, ke ngoko, omnye tourniquet isicelo ngokungachanekanga. Wasuswa nangoko kwaye afake ngempumelelo.

izenzo vala

I zoncedo lokuqala ukopha kwaye kuquka kugcinwe umthetho yezonyango engundoqo: "Musani ukubaphatha kakubi". Sibala izinto aninako ukwenza ukuba akukho uqeqesho lonyango.

1. Isilonda ukuba angamchukumisi: ithuba losulelo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko - wothukile ibuhlungu.
2. Akuvunyelwe ngqo ukucoca inxeba. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe ugqirha kuphela kwigumbi yokusebenza. Ukuba inxeba enamathele into langaphandle, wabhala ngocoselelo ukuze xa buyo akukho eyandisiweyo umonakalo. Walisusa lisetyenziswa kulo mzekelo ngeenxa zonke kuye.
3. Akwenzeki ukutshintsha amabhandeji, nokuba bathe tixi ligazi.

Kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - ngakumbi esibhedlele. Ukuba akukho "yezigulane" - Zisa ixhoba ngokwabo.

yophela yangaphakathi

Akukho akanangozi ngaphezu igazi. izoyikiso ezithile kukuba ongenalwazi uyakwazi ukubona ngoko nangoko. Ngenxa yokuba kaninzi isigulane angacingi intlungu, kufuneka sithembele iimpawu eziziisekondari:

• ubuthathaka, ehamba pallor;
• ndandingcangcazela nge te ebandayo ;
• isiyezi, niphele kunokwenzeka;
• izifo zemiphunga: spasmodic, nzulu, amandla;
• fuku isisu Liqinisa, umntu uzama lokuzigoqa ibhola.

Isenzo kufuneka sikhawuleze kwaye izigqibo: le ufowuna ngexesha likaxakeka, ice ezifudumeleyo phezu esiswini sakhe, ukuthuthwa ehleli. Xa umcimbi kufuneka banikwe ukutya, isiselo, okanye iintlungu.

umlenze traumatic

Kwimeko yeengozi zendlela okanye ukwenzakala ezinxulumene nomsebenzi kunokwenzeka ukwahlula imilenze emzimbeni. uncedo lokuqala ukopha kubangelwa umlenze, kufuneka kuxhaswa kwakhona kugcinwe kwesebe, ukuba isandla yahlukana ngezantsi engqinibeni, kunye nomlenze - ezantsi kwedolo. Le finiteness zibekwe wayifaka kwiingxowa ezimbini, ukuba ice kunokwenzeka obkladyvaetsya wathumela kunye nexhoba. Ukuba zothutho ayiyi kuthabatha ngaphezu kweeyure ezintandathu, kukho amathuba kuthungelwe lomzimba kwindawo yalo efanelekileyo. E Moscow, umzekelo, kunokwenzeka kwizibhedlele № 1, 6, 7, 71, kwi-Science RAS kunye uqhaqho lwentliziyo GKB. Xa ubize inqwelo yezigulana, nceda ucacise ukuba ixhoba - a okwalandelwa esibuhlungu.