Umthetho yokwahlukana ibe iimpawu urhangqo igama

Xa umntu eqala ukufunda ukufunda okanye ukufunda ulwimi olutsha, ekuqaleni kuyimfuneko ukuba bafunde oonobumba. Wandula ke wafunda oonobumba iisilabhili zakhelwe, amagama kamva, izivakalisi, njalo-njalo. Nangona kubonakala ukuba lwegama elinye inyathelo nje omncinane endleleni eya isifundo eemfihlelo ulwimi ukuba incinane kakhulu, yaye yenza indima minor, ukukwazi ukwahlula ngokuchanekileyo ilizwi uyise kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Ngoko ke, ukuze ukwazi ulawulo ukwahlulwa ngokwamalungu alo kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba ngaphandle kwalo umntu akakwazi kakuhle ngokupheleleyo idiploma.

Zamagama - yintoni

, Ingaba ukuqonda ukuba yintoni phambi kokuba ufunde uwahlule njani amagama. Zamagama - yenziwe phezulu enye okanye ngaphezulu izandi wenza unit ubuncinane zentetho. Ngamanye amazwi, umntu lwegama ukuze kuchazwe indibaniselwano izandi, nto leyo libizwa ingumphunga nganye.

Kwiilwimi Russian kwaye IsiNgesi ukukwazi ukwenza lwegama babe izikhamiso kuphela (ekuthiwa syllabic), ngoko ke inani elo gama linani samalunga. Umzekelo, egameni "Ma-ri-i" izikhamiso 3, ngoko ke ilizwi wahlulwe iisilabhili ezintathu.

Kutheni Kufuneka I style

Nangona elula ibonakale, isifundo kwesimbo iminyaka emininzi zabanjwa oosonzululwazi ngeelwimi abadumileyo. Abanye babo wavakalisa ingcamango yokuba lwegama akuthethi nto. Kodwa bona engalunganga. Ngokungafaniyo amagama ngokucandeka sokudluliselwa, nto leyo inceda ukubhala ngokuchanekileyo, ukwahlulwa amazwi alo nto kubaluleke kangaka ukupela. Kodwa kugqiba indlela echanileyo yokubiza ilizwi womntu, kwaye oko kubaluleke kakhulu ekufundeni ulwimi lwasemzini. Ngoko ke, e IsiNgesi, uhlobo lwegama luchaphazela pronunciation lwezikhamiso. Ngolwimi lweenkobe njengoko lukhuthaza intetho ezintle kwaye ukufunda nokubhala. Kwakhona, musa ukulibala malunga nendima enkulu le iisilabhili kwimibongo. Emva kokuba zonke iindlela versification zixhomekeke kwiimpawu ezithile.

Iintlobo samalunga Russian kwi indawo kunye nesakhiwo

Ukuba bagqwese umthetho kwisahlulo ngokwamalungu alo, kufuneka uyazi into akhona iimbono zakhe ngolwimi oluthile ekujoliswe. Kwiintlobo ulwimi Russian samalunga kweli gama elabiwe indawo, yi isakhiwo lwegama, ngokuphathelele ulimi kunye sonority (tone).

Ngoko ke, ngokutsho kwindawo iisilabhili zahlulwe: lokuqala, medial kunye yokugqibela.

Ngokutsho isakhiwo samalunga zohlulwa ngokwendidi:

1) Vula - eziphela ngesikhamiso. Ngokomzekelo, igama elithi "Ka-te-ri-na" libunjwa samalunga ezine, bonke isiphelo ntl, ngoko zonke ezo amalungu avulekileyo.

2) Valiwe - uphela isandi esingunombini. Ngokomzekelo, igama elithi "Matshi-ha-ri-ta" izikhamiso ezine, yaye le iisilabhili ezine. Iziphelo lokuqala "r" yamaqabane ivaliwe, bonke abanye - phezu izikhamiso zivulekile.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngolwimi Russian kwenza isabelo yengonyama samalunga ezivulekileyo, eyenza ibe isandi mnandi kakhulu. Ngelo efanayo ixesha ivaliwe ngolwimi Russian eninzi.

Kuxhomekeka ekubeni le ncwadi umi ekuqaleni lwegama, emajukujukwini wambu (ngonobumba) kunye ezikwekwayo (ngesikhamiso) eziphilayo. Ngokomzekelo, igama elithi "ar-kaBhuzi", kulo mzekelo, yegama lokuqala undisguised kwaye isiciko yesibini.

Iintlobo samalunga Russian ngokunxulumene aksenti kunye sonority

Ngokutsho iisilabhili aksenti ulwimi Russian kwakunye kuninzi ezinye zahlulwe zibe ndixinezelekile kwaye unstressed. Unako kwakhona ukukhetha pretonic kunye zaudarnye.

Ngokutsho ukukhululwa sonority:

1) sonority esisigxina - kula iisilabhili unobumba omnye kuphela: "A xia".

2) Ukunyuka sonority - a zamagama ubunjwe iileta ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwandisa degree ngayo sonority ukusuka ezingoonombini ukuya izikhamiso. Ku efanayo umzekelo "A-inkampu" kwi kwandisa lwegama sonority yesibini ukusuka "a" ukuya "a".

3) Le sonority phantsi - kule sonority zamagama sehlile amaqabane ukuya noonone. Olu phawu afanelekile kakhulu iisilabhili ezivaliweyo. Igama "Ba-HTI-ingqayi", la iisilabhili zokuqala ezimbini sonority ukufukuka, kwaye yokugqibela - kunye phantsi.

4) elinyukayo yokwehla - ukunyuka sonority yokuqala kunye isiphelo lwegama iba kwehlisa, "Spar-ta."

5) ukuwa-ukufukuka - ekuqaleni a sonority zamagama uyawa aze avuke kwakhona: "eka".

Iintlobo eziphambili samalunga e IsiNgesi

Ke ulwimi Russian, kuba IsiNgesi luphawulwa kukwahlukana samalunga (zamagama) kwi amagubu (i-aksenti iwela) kunye unstressed (hayi wagxininisa). Noko ke, ulwimi yaseBritani kubaluleke ngakumbi bethu, ngenxa yokuba zonke izikhamiso amathandathu IsiNgesi kudlula ngenxa ezingamashumi amabini anesine izandi - unobumba ngamnye ineenketho ezine kuze kufundwa okanye kuze oko uhlobo lwegama kandziyise ichaza ukuba izakuba ngowuphi isandi uya kuthumela ileta kule meko.

Amalungu e IsiNgesi ziye zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezintandathu:

1) Ivaliwe (closed) - uphela ngezandi (ngaphandle «r»).

Le lwesikhamiso lwegama ufunde ebetha ngokufutshane Umzekelo igama ezaziwayo-kakuhle «inja», kuqulethe yegama evaliweyo.

2) Vula (open) - kwakunye in Russian, ezingaphezu uphela ngesikhamiso, kwaye ukufunda ngendlela efanayo njengoko kubonisiwe kwi alphabet. Ngokomzekelo, igama «ze-ro» iqulathe samalunga ezimbini ezivuliweyo.

3) Ekubeni unpronounceable «e» (cwaka-e) - le ncwadi ithe sasingachazwa, nangona idala a yegama. qhaza Its - Unika amagama eziphambili lwesikhamiso elide ephilileyo: «smi-le» - iisilabhili ababini, omnye wathandaza noonone. Ezinye iingcali ngeelwimi abanalo olu hlobo edityaniswe wangaphambili.

4) kandziyise bezikhamiso kunye «r» (r-elawulwa) - ezingoonombini kwi «r» zamagama na ukufunda, kodwa imiyalezo izikhamiso phambi kokuba kuya kuba elide: «yafudumala».

5) Xa iqela lwezikhamiso (team noonone) - a zamagama iquka izikhamiso embalwa, adla kugqame njengenye beep elide kwaye abonisa lwegama ( «ecocekileyo»), ngamanye amaxesha nje elifutshane ( «isonka»), kwaye maxa wambi nkqu izandi ezibini ( «boy»). Olu hlobo ibangelwa awohluke ngolwimi IsiNgesi kwaye akukho analogue in Russian.

6) C ngonobumba kwaye «le» (lwamaqabane + le) - olu hlobo zamagama zinakho bodwa kuphela ngamazwi polysyllabic, umzekelo, «encinane». Yokubiza «e» uba abangevayo, ngoko ngamanye amaxesha olu hlobo akemi kuphuma njengomntu ngamnye, ize idityaniswe cwaka-e.

ukusebenzisa igama mnemonic «clover» okugcina zonke iintlobo samalunga IsiNgesi.

iintlobo ezongeziweyo samalunga e IsiNgesi

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ukongeza iintlobo eziphambili samalunga, maxa wambi ngo IsiNgesi ezongezelelweyo. Ezi zinto ukuba yesixhenxe uhlobo lwegama - kunye «r» unpronounceable emva kokuba bezikhamiso ndixinezelekile kwaye phambi «e» (bezikhamiso + kwakhona), apho «r» akukho zomlomo, umzekelo, ngo «ngomlilo».

Kwakhona ngamanye amaxesha uhlobo iqela zezikhamiso ezahlulwe sisithuba umbono izandi ezibini, isi «khangela».

Imigaqo yokwahlukana ngokwamalungu alo in Russian

Xa ulwimi amagama ethu umsantsa ngokwamalungu alo kulula kakhulu ngaphezu IsiNgesi, ngenxa yokuba akukho noonone unpronounceable. Umgaqo eziphambili: indlela izikhamiso ezininzi ilizwi - iisilabhili ezininzi kangaka. Umzekelo, ukuba ukwahlulwa ibe 'kulwimi' amalungu, ngoko kukho "ulwimi lwekhompyutha" ngelizwi samalunga ezimbini, kodwa ke ikhonkco uya kuba yegama ezingenakwahlulwa, kwaye awuyi adluliselwe.

A zamagama kusenokuquka omnye (ukuba a bezikhamiso) kunye neeleta ngaphezulu. Ukuba kukho ileta ngaphezu kwesinye, ngoko ukuqala kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba uyavuma, apho uya wazifihla. Ngokomzekelo, igama "UJulia" yahlulwe "U-Do-I" endaweni "weKrismesi-and-I."

Xa amaqabane eziliqela (zange bafundelane ngezibini okanye hayi) eme igama kumqolo, baya kusebenza lwegama elilandelayo - iza kudala ezingaphezu nesigqubuthelo. Umzekelo, "kwi-Bray-Th-nny ', incwadi yokuqala" e "watsala ukuhlanganiswa yakhe" br ", kodwa kulandela" e "Wakwazi ukubatsalela ngokwalo" h' ukuba legqunyiwe lwegama, kwaye 's "got ukuhlanganiswa entsha koonobumba "nn".

Noko ke, ukuba udibaniso lwe iileta uqala sonorant (AYIKHO, m, l, l, HB, n, pi, p, d), oku kubhekiselele isandi noonone odlulileyo ( "wa-ler-yang-ka"). Ngaphandle kwimeko a twin sonorous ( 'ca-pi-llyar "), nto leyo, njengaye nawuphi na iperi consonants, akahlulwa.

Ukuba igama liphela izayamaniso consonants oku kuvakala isandi (umzekelo, "TC" / "kuba", nto leyo libizwa ngokuba [n] okanye "zzh" - elide [x]), ke ngoko, abahlule akunakwenzeka, ukuba kungayanyaniswa ngokupheleleyo kwezi zinto zilandelayo zamagama: "we-tsya." Kodwa kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kule meko ukwahlulwa ngokwamalungu alo kunye nemithetho ikhonkco bohluke. Kwakuloo mzekelo, "uhlambe" xa yahlulwa kuba ukutshintshwa iza kukhangeleka ngolu hlobo 'ukuhlamba. "

In Russian, uninzi samalunga ezivulekileyo, yaye, njengoko umthetho, baba phakathi igama ( "Ma-ri-na"). iisilabhili ezivaliweyo phantse lonke ekupheleni ( "Vla Di Yehlabathi"). Ngaphandle zivaliwe, eziphela odd isandi sonorous ( "I-kwangathi-ka"), ukuze babe phakathi yegama.

Imigaqo yokwahlukana ngokwamalungu alo e IsiNgesi

Isimanga kuba IsiNgesi, ulwimi phezu iisilabhili kukho imithetho ecacileyo.

Kanye ulwimi Russian, inani lwezikhamiso lilingana nenani samalunga. Ngoko ke, igama elithi "-car" yenye ezingaphezu, kwakunye elithi "like", nangona «i» kulo mzekelo kuthetha izandi ezibini, yaye "e" kwi ekupheleni ilizwi kuwo onke cwaka. Lo mzekelo ubonisa ulawulo yesibini sisahlula ngokwamalungu alo - izikhamiso unpronounceable azinako ukuba amalungu, kwakunye bezikhamiso enye njengenxenye ezizalanayo ( "intetho" - le ezizalanayo "yakhe" libizwa njengenye sound elide [i], yaye ngoko, igama lonke kolulodwa ).

Mu kuya kwa nshita ulwimi Russian, nakweyiphi amaqabane IsiNgesi, kuquka isibini, usoloko ezahlulwe: «din-kwesi-». Ngaphandle ke kute (ukudibanisa amaqabane eziliqela ukuba kugqame njengesandi esinye) «ch», «sh», «th», «uw», «ph».

Lwamaqabane phakathi ababili lisoloko libhekisela izikhamiso ilandelayo ( «e-vil»), ngaphandle xa ezingoonombini lifutshane kakhulu ( «cab-in»).

Zimisele «le» ([l]) ezitsala yamaqabane wangaphambili: «i-inokukoyisa», ngaphandle lwendibaniso «ck» - «nokutsha komphathi wokukhusela-le».

Ke amagama anzima, apha ukwahlulwa amazwi alo (idla efanayo ulwimi Russian) kuthatha indawo kwi ezisisiseko ( «indlu-boad»). Kungenzeka kwakhona ukuba kwahlula izimamva nezimaphambili ( «kwakhona bhala-», «bafundise-er»). Xa consonants nesithandwa ezenzeka umda ingcambu kunye isimamva «mba» ngenxa kongezwe isimamva ( «stop-ping»), ukuba bahlukane.

Imigaqo ukudluliswa amazwi ulwimi Russian

Kubonakala ukuba imithetho kwi kwisahlulo iimpawu ukudlulisela kufuneka ngokufanayo, kodwa kakhulu akunjalo. Inyaniso kukuba, iyantlukwano sokunikezela isekelwe phezu neminye imigaqo, nangona uninzi lwabo ezifanayo nemigaqo ikhonkco.

Umahluko eziphambili kukwaphula "inani lwezikhamiso = inani samalunga" mgaqo, ekubeni icandelo kwamagama ukudlulisa, akunakwenzeka ukuba zirhwiqilize unobumba omnye, kuquka 's "," d "," b "okanye noonone. Umzekelo, xa wohlula iisilabhili elithi "Na-ta-Lia", le iisilabhili ezine, kodwa ukuba ujika ukuthwala iisilabhili ezintathu kuphela "Na-ta-uLeya."

Xa ilizwi aba amaqabane eziliqela zilandelana, ungaba nabo ekhuhlangubeni lakho: ". Zobugcisa-ufundela-pa" ngokuthi "abo-kstu-ra" yaye

Amagama, transfer ngoonobumba ( "NIINUINU") engaqondanga, kodwa amagama ambaxa eziquka iziseko eziliqela enokwahlulwa kwi kwiziseko ( "ekhethekileyo-ode-Ida").

Xa kuqondana oonobumba ezimbini ezifanayo ibekwe phakathi izikhamiso ezibini, bahlukane ( "su-kuba-mjy-th"). Ukuba elinye iperi oonobumba - yinxalenye ingcambu, kunye nezinye - inxalenye isimamva, ngoko ke abaseleyo with "udidi-sy", kodwa "udidi-mo."

Lwamaqabane ekupheleni isimamva ingcambu akuyomfuneko ukuba ndiziqhawule, nangona lo mgaqo ayikho ngqongqo :. "Voronezh-isibhakabhaka"

consoles yokugqibela lwamaqabane evaliwe ukuba umtshato wakhe: "ngaphantsi-ngophatho". Kwimeko apho ingcambu iqala ngesikhamiso - kunithuthuzela ngokwayo siyahlukana ( "no-ukwala ') njengoko ingcambu ayikwazi lwahlulwe lwesikhamiso yokuqala' s 'ukuya ingcambu, emva isimaphambili (" SCAT-amaxesha ").

Imigaqo ikhonkco, ezingaphezu ngu kolulodwa in IsiNgesi

Njengoko yaziwa, iphambili kolu lwimi yinto yokuba uninzi lwamagama oko abhalwa ngoko imithetho engqongqo, kwaye ngokwesithethe. Ngoko ke, ukukhululwa badla ngaphezu imithetho ngokwabo. Lo mgaqo mnye uya kusetyenziswa kulawulo hlula ngokwamalungu alo. Ekubeni isikhokelo esemthethweni ngalo mba negrama yolwimi IsiNgesi akakho, bonke kukhokelwa imizekelo ikhonkco, abhalwe magama elidumileyo.

Uninzi izichazi yanamhlanje IsiNgesi ndiyinika ukuthwala igama ngokwimiselo phonetic, oko kukuthi, olusekelwe phezu ukwahlulwa amazwi alo. Lo mthetho ivumela utshintsho kwindawo ugqithiselo, kunye utshintsho pronunciation: «qho-o-LO-gi-cal», kodwa «bi-ol-o-ayibeke». hexa enjalo akavumi nokucacisa transfer umthetho ocacileyo izimaphambili kunye nezimamva IsiNgesi. Ngokukodwa, ezinye isimamva kwemininzi eqhelekileyo «wa-» kunye «ba», adla ukunyamezeleka, kodwa kwezinye iimeko ayikwazi zahlulwe. Ngenxa yale ukudideka kunye bokuqonda, ezininzi iinkonzo intanethi ningathwali amagama IsiNgesi.

Phezu kwayo yonke le nto, kukho imigaqo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo eziya kunceda Orient indlela yokukhuphela igama IsiNgesi elithile.

1) Ukuba indibanisela ngoonobumba zezikhamiso + zezikhamiso lwamaqabane + kuvakala ngathi lwegama, oko yaye iya kwenziwa phambili (ingakumbi lokwenyaniso cwaka "e»): «cake».

2) Ukuba, emva emfutshane izandi zezikhamiso izinto amaqabane embalwa, ukudluliswa senziwe emva wokuqala kubo: «bakhe torical».

3) Ukudlulisa «ing» Isimamva olwenziwe kumgaqo kwi ikhonkco.

4) Xa lwesikhamiso kunye izandi ezibini izikhamiso elide ekupheleni kwe lwegama, i-transfer senziwa kwangoko emva kwabo: «ulwandle-, unyana»

5) Ukutshintshelwa senziwe emva lwesikhamiso elifutshane (ukuba kukho omnye emva oonombini okanye «ch», «sh», «th», «uw», «ph»): «il-nganye».

6) Xa ezininzi Kwiimeko, izimaphambili kunye nezimamva izikhova IsiNgesi xa betshintsha ezahlulwe sisithuba: «nam-kuqhubeka».

7) amagama abolekiweyo zidluliselwa ngendlela efanayo njengoko zahlulwe iisilabhili - on apho zisekelwe.

8) Izikweko (amagama ezinexabiso ezahlukeneyo kodwa umbhalo ofana) badluliselwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeke ixabiso, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ingqalelo: «re-intambo», kodwa «REC-lamagama».

Ke Russian, kunye IsiNgesi iimpawu zolwimi zibaluleke kakhulu. Imigaqo yokwahlukana ngokwamalungu alo kunye ilizwi azisongele nabo ngeendlela ezininzi efana kakhulu omnye komnye, nangona inani lweeyantlukwano ezivela awohluke ngalinye. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukwazi imithetho esisiseko, ukuqonda indalo kunye neempawu zazo, kusenokwenzeka kwiimeko ezininzi, ngalo mfanekiso nodluliselo zweni ulwimi.