Umsebenzi odibeneyo kwiqela eliphakathi: isicwangciso sokuqhuba

Ngubani phakathi kwethu ongazange atyelele i-nursergart kwixesha elingaphambili? Kwaye akumangalisi, ngenxa yokuba umntwana ulungelelaniswa noluntu, ukunxibelelana nabaontanga kunye nabantu abadala, ukulungelelaniswa kwexesha elizayo kwisikolo ngokuxhomekeke kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukwenzela ukuba uphumelele, uhlalisane, unengqiqo engqondweni kwaye ube nako ukufumana izicombululo kunoma yimuphi umbandela onzima, kubalulekile ukuba umntwana aye kwi-kindergarten. Abantwana abaneminyaka engama-4 ukuya ku-5 ubudala badla ngokuba ngabantwana basenkulanga. Kule minyaka, abazali bahokela kwiqela eliphakathi le-DOW. Umsebenzi wootitshala ngeli xesha liza kukhulisa ubuchule babantwana, ukucebisa ulwazi oluqokelelwe phambi kwabo nokuzilungiselela ubomi besikolweni. Ukwenza oku, kwi-classergartens zokuqhuba iiklasi, ezibizwa ngokuba zidibeneyo. Ngokumalunga nento abameleyo kunye nendima abayidlala ngayo ekuphuculweni kwengqondo yabantwana, sifunda kweli nqaku.

Yintoni isifundo esihlangeneyo?

Ngamazwi alula, kunokuthiwa umsebenzi ohlangeneyo (kwinqanaba eliphakathi elibandakanya) alikho ngaphezu kweeteksi zezetyenzisiweyo ezisetyenziselwa ukucacisa intsingiselo yesihloko esacatshulwe ngabafundi, ukwakha umfanekiso opheleleyo wenkqutyana okanye inkqubo ehlaziywa ngayo. Umsebenzi onjalo uphambili kwaye uquka imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ngombulelo, inkqubo yokufunda ayibakhathazi abantwana, kodwa, ngokuchaseneyo, ibangela ukuba banomdla okwandayo ekufundeni kunye nomnqweno wokufunda ezintsha kunye ezingaziwa. Ukongezelela, iklasi edibeneyo kwiqela eliphakathi lifutshane, kwaye abafana banalo ixesha elaneleyo lokudlala kunye nokuhamba emoyeni omtsha.

Yintoni endiyifunayo xa ndiceba isifundo esihlangeneyo?

Ukufundisa abantwana besikolo esincinci yinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi efuna ukuba ootitshala bangabi nolwazi olufanelekileyo kuphela, kodwa banokukhuthazeka, umonde kunye nemigudu emikhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba xa uceba umsebenzi ngamnye odibeneyo kwiqela eliphakathi, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ezi ngongoma ezilandelayo:

1. Izinto ezifunekayo mazifakwe kwifom eqiniweyo, icacile kwaye icace.
2. Isifundo ngasinye sifanele sicingelwe ngokubhekiselele kwingcaciso encinci kwaye ihambisane nekharityhulam.
3. Kuzo zonke izigaba zesifundo, izinto ezifundiswayo ezifundiswayo kubantwana kufuneka zidibanisane kwaye zithelekelane.
4. Izinto ezifundiswayo kufuneka zenziwe ngefom eqondakalayo kubantwana.
5. Umsebenzi odibeneyo kwinqanaba eliphakathi kufuneka libe nolwazi, kodwa lucaciswe ngokwexesha elifanelekileyo.
6. Iiklasi kufuneka ziqhutywe ngendlela echanekileyo, ngokuphindaphinda kwezinto ezidlulileyo ngaphambili.

Isidingo soqeqesho oluhlangeneyo

Imfuno yeeklasi ezidibeneyo kwi-PRI ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, ezibaluleke kakhulu zezi:

1. Ihlabathi elikujikelezayo liyaziwa ngabantwana kwiindawo ezahlukileyo.
2. Umsebenzi odibeneyo kwiqela eliphakathi ligalela ekuphuhlisweni kwamandla engqondo ngamnye komntwana ngabanye, okwenza ukuba abe nomdla ekufundeni nasekwenzeni ukuqonda.
3. Kuye kwabonakaliswa ngokwesayensi ukuba ukuziphatha ngendlela echanekileyo yezifundo ezidibeneyo kunempembelelo entle ekuphuhlisweni kwamakhono okuthetha abafundi. Abantwana bafunda ukuvakalisa iingcamango zabo ngokuchanekileyo, ngokucacileyo nangokucacileyo ukuchaza imbono yabo.
4. Iiklasi ezidibeneyo zibanjelwe kwifom engekho emgangathweni kwaye inomdla, ukwenzela ukuba abantwana bangasebenzi ngokugqithiseleyo, banomoya ocolileyo, bayavuya ngokudibana kunye nokugcina ingxoxo.
5. Ukudibanisa kwimfundo kuchazwa ngumfuno wehlabathi lanamhlanje kwiingcali eziqeqeshwe kakhulu, ekulungiselelwa kwazo kufuneka ziqale kwasebuncinaneni, oko kukuthi, kwi-kindergarten.
6. Ngenxa yokuba iiklasi ezidibeneyo ziquka izifundo eziliqela kanye, abantwana banesikhathi esithile sokudlala, ukudibanisa kunye nokudala imisebenzi.
7. Abantwana bazinelisekisa, bazivakalise, ngoko bafumana ukholo kumandla abo kunye namakhono abo.

Umzekelo wesicwangciso sesifundo ngesihloko esithi "Ubusika"

Ngaphambi kokuqhuba isifundo esidibeneyo kwiqela eliphakathi "kwiHlabathi", utitshala wenza isicwangciso esicacisiweyo. Ngendlela ekhutshiwe, ingabonakala ngathi:

1. Injongo kukucebisa ulwazi lwabantwana malunga namaxesha kunye neziganeko zendalo.

2. Umsebenzi ukuhlanganisa ulwazi ngabantwana malunga noshintsho olwenziwa kwendalo ebusika.

3. Iziphumo ezicwangcisiweyo:

• Abantwana bayazi ukuba zeziphi izinto ezenzekayo ebusika;
• Ukucacisa ngokungabikho ebusika ngempawu zayo eziphambili;
• Ngaba unakho ngaphandle koncedo ukudweba umfanekiso kumxholo othi "Ubusika".

4. Izindlela: ibali, incoko, izixhobo ezibonakalayo, uhlalutyo, uvavanyo.

5. Ukulungiselela isifundo: ukuhamba kunye nabantwana, ngethuba apho ingqalelo yabo ijoliswe kwindlela edibana ngayo, indlela ehlala ngayo emhlabathini, emithini, ezindlini; Utitshala unikezela abantwana ukuba baveze i-snowman, badlale iinqwelo zebhola kunye nokwakha imifanekiso yeqhwa neqhwa.

6. Inkambo:

I) Inxalenye yentetho - utitshala ugqoke kwiingubo zasebusika, angena kwiqela kwaye wamkela abantwana.

II) Inxalenye ephambili:

- ngoncedo lweendidi ezahlukeneyo utitshala ufumanisa ukuba abantwana bayazi ubusika;

- usebenzisa i-visual aid, utitshala uzalisa iimpendulo zabantwana;

Ulwazi olutsha lucetywayo ukuba lunqunywe ngokuthe ngqo (uvavanyo oluthile lunomdla olwenziwa);

- Ukuphuka kwesithethe;

- ukuqhuba umdlalo we- didactic, ngexesha apho abantwana kufuneka baveze iimpawu zexesha lokufunda;

- Abantwana bamenywa ukuba bafake umfanekiso ngomxholo othi "Ubusika".

III) Isiphumo seseshoni edibeneyo: utitshala uyabonga ngabantwana ngenzala yabo, kubuza imibuzo ephakamisayo kunye neendumiso iimpendulo ezichanekileyo.

Umzekelo weseshoni (ehlangeneyo) kumxholo othi "Spring"

Isifundo esidibeneyo kwiqela eliphakathi kwi "Spring" linokucwangciswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Isimo sokujolisa ukuqhubela phambili ukukwazi ukuqala ukufundela abantwana abasesikolweni kunye noshintsho olwenziwa kwendalo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
2. Imisebenzi - ukuqinisa ulwazi lwezingane malunga nentwasahlobo.
3. Amasu asetyenzisiweyo: incoko, ukufunda iincwadi ngezihloko ezifanelekileyo, ukujonga, ukuhlalutya, ukuthelekisa, ukucula, ukudweba.
4. Umsebenzi wokulungelelanisa: hamba evulekile, ngethuba lo titshala ucela abantwana ukuba banake ingqalelo kwiinguqu ezenzeke kwindalo emva kwebusika (ikhephu elichithwe, iindlela zihamba ngemilambo, kukho uhlaza kunye neentyantyambo zokuqala, njl.).
5. Inkambo:

• Iimfadu kwi-"Spring".
• Ukufunda imbongo malunga nentwasahlobo, emva koko uthisha ubuza imibuzo yabantwana.
• Ukubamba umdlalo we-didactic, ngexesha apho abantwana kufuneka bafake ingcamango baze babonise indlela utshani obukhula ngayo, iintyatyambo ziyaqhakaza, ilanga likhanya ngokugqithiseleyo, imini ikhula kwaye ubusuku buyancipha;
• Ikhefu lomzimba, umdlalo wesinwe.
• Ukuthatha umdlalo "Uqagela iCub": utitshala uyabiza isilwanyana, kwaye umsebenzi wabantwana kukubiza ngokufanelekileyo i-cub yakhe.
• Ukufunda ingoma ngokusentwasahlobo.

Umzekelo wesicwangciso-esingabonakali sesifundo kumxholo othi "I-autumn"

Isifundo esidibeneyo kwiqela eliphakathi kwesihloko esithi "I-autumn" inokwenziwa ngokulandela isicwangciso esilandelayo:

1. Injongo kukudibanisa ulwazi lwezingane zasenkulisa malunga nokuwa kunye neziganeko zendalo ezenzeka kweli xesha.
2. ImiSebenzi: ukufundisa umntwana ngokunyamekela ukuphatha imvelo, ukuqinisa ulwazi ngolwazi malunga nokuwa.
3. Izindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo: intetho, intsebenziswano encinci yokubandakanya abantwana, iimbongo zokufunda nokuqaphela iipuzzle, izinto ezibonakalayo ngendlela yesilayidi.
4. Ukulungiselela isifundo: umbutho we-excursion ehlathini.
5. Inkambo:

• Utitshala ugqoke kwi-suit of spring, ubingelela abantwana kwaye ubacele ukuba bacinge iimbali ezimbalwa kwi-ekwindla.
• Utitshala ngegama lifunda 1-2 imibongo malunga nokuwa, emva koko abuza abantwana imibuzo.
• Kwinqanaba elidibeneyo kwiqela eliphakathi kwimixholo ethi "I-autumn" ukuba inomdla, utitshala unikela abafundi ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo encinci yezemidlalo. Ukwenza oku, ubapha iimpawu zezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo kwaye ubancede bafunde isicatshulwa esifutshane kwisigwebo se-1-2.
• Utitshala ucela abantwana ukuba baye kwikhompyutheni baze babonise i-slide show malunga nekwindla kunye neziganeko ezahlukeneyo zekwindla.

IsiCwangciso seSifundo seMathematika esiMzekelo

Unokuqhuba isifundo esidibeneyo kwiqela eliphakathi kwimathematika ebizwa ngokuba yi "Mathematical Trampoline". Akunzima ukuceba isifundo esinjalo. Umzekelo:

1. Injongo kukufundisa umntwana ukuba acwangcise ngokuchanekileyo amanani ejometri, kwaye ahlule phakathi kokusa nakusuku, ngokuhlwa ebusuku.
2. Umsebenzi ukuhlanganisa ulwazi lomntwana ngamanani ejometri.
3. Izindlela: incoko, ibali, ukubona, ukuthelekisa, izinto ezibonakalayo.
4. Ukulungiselela isifundo: utitshala ukhetha isethi yamanani ejometri yemibala eqaqambileyo yomsebenzi ozayo, uhlela ipensela, iibrashi, i-gouache, i-albhamu yokudweba, iincwadi zomsebenzi kwietafile, i-poster apho izingxenye zemihla ziboniswa zihlanganiswe eludongeni.
5. Inkambo:

• Umqeqeshi ungena kwigumbi, uyamkela abantwana kwaye uyabamema ukuba bahambe kwiindawo zokuhlala. Kulo hambo oluthakazelisayo, utitshala uya kufuneka abe ngumqhubi, kwaye abantwana baya kuba ngabagibeli.
• Abafundi besikolo kufuneka baqaphele indawo zabo kwiimoto ngokuhambelana namanani aphakanyiswayo (ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-5).
• Emva kokuba abantwana bathathe indawo zabo "kwiimoto", umqeqeshi uyazisa ngokucacileyo ukuba uloliwe luhamba.
• Ukubambelela komnye nomnye, abantwana bahamba bejikeleza kwigumbi de lo mfundisi uvakalise ukumisa.
• Ikhefu lokuqala libizwa ngokuba "Amabhola". Utitshala ubonisa abafundi kuqala ibhola enye, kwaye ke ezimbalwa. Iibhola kufuneka zibe nemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu. Abantwana bayamenywa ukuba baxelele umbala obani, imilo, nokubala inani labo.
• Ikhefu lesibini libizwa ngokuthi "Ingxenye yosuku". Utitshala ucela abafundi ukuba basondele kwiposter "Ingxenye Yosuku," niyiqwalasele ngenyameko kwaye nibhale ibali elifutshane kulo. Emva kokuba abantwana bejamelene nalo msebenzi, utitshala ubonisa ukuba bavula iincwadi zabo zokusebenza baze bahambe ngokuhlwa kunye nabazali babo.
• Ikhefu lesithathu libizwa ngokuba "amanani ejometri". Utitshala kunye nabantwana beza etafileni, apho kukho amanani ahlukahlukeneyo ejometri. Ngaphambi koonyana umsebenzi uhlelwe ukuba ukhethe lowo utitshala uya kubiza. Emva koko ulandela umsebenzi kwiincwadi zokubhala. Abafundi besikolo kufuneka badwebe zonke iifom zejometri abazifundileyo baze bazihlobise.
• Ikhefu lesine libizwa ngokuba yi "Iqela leNtandokazi". Utitshala uyazisa ukuba uhambo luye lwaphela, kwaye udumisa abantwana ngokuziphatha kwabo kakuhle kunye nomdla oboniswe ngabo.

Umzekelo wesicwangciso soqeqesho kwiFGT

Isifundo esihlangeneyo kwiqela eliphakathi kwi-FGT kumxholo othi "Ukuhamba ngokuvuya" kunokwenziwa, lukhokelwa yiplani elandelayo:

1. Injongo kukuziqonda abantwana ngemithetho yokhuseleko emele ibonwe kwisitalato.
2. Umsebenzi ukuvelisa izakhono zabantwana zokuziphatha ezikhuselekileyo nezenkcubeko kwisitalato.
3. Izindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo: iimoto zokudlala, izibane zendlela, iimpapu ezimhlophe zamaphepha (ukuhamba ngeenyawo).
4. Ukulungiselela isifundo: ukuhamba ngaphakathi kwesi sixeko, ukubukela iifoto kunye nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo, intetho, ukufunda amacatshulwa.
5. Inkambo:

• Utitshala uza kwiqela kwaye wamkela abantwana.
• Utitshala unikezela abantwana ukuba bathethe kwaye baxelele ukuba ngamnye wabo wafika njani enkulisa namhlanje. Ukuze kube lula ukwenza umsebenzi wabantwana, utitshala ubabuza imibuzo ehamba phambili kwaye ubonisa imifanekiso eyahlukileyo.
• Emva koko, utitshala ubonisa ukuba abafundi bafundela ukukhanya kweendlela kwaye bachaze intsingiselo yaloo mibala yayo. Emva koko, abantwana bayamenywa ukuba baliphulaphule ibali elincomekayo ukwenzela ukuba ngcono ikhumbule ulwazi olufunyenweyo.
• Umdlalo "Ndingumgibeli" ulandela. Umgca wenyani kukuba abantwana bakhela kwiidesi zabo idolophu encinci, apho kukho izitalato ezinkulu kunye ezincinci, iindlela, iindlela ezihamba phambili, abahamba ngeenyawo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zothutho. Abantwana bafanele bathabathe amanani ahamba ngeenxa zonke "kwisixeko" ngaphandle kokuphula imithetho yepasele yokhuseleko.
• Ekupheleni komdlalo utitshala ucela abafundi ukuba batye ukukhanya kwendlela kunye nokuyibala umbala, uze uchaze ukhetho lombala ngamnye.