Ulawulo mthetho Russian Federation

imithetho Complex elawula ubudlelwane yezolawulo, yenza umthetho eponymous. Iqulethe iindidi ezahlukeneyo amaxwebhu asemthethweni. . Khawuve iinkcukacha ngakumbi, yintoni umthetho yolawulo Russian Federation.

isakhiwo

включает в себя: Nayiphi - civil, lolwaphulo-mthetho, ezolawulo - mthetho kubandakanya:

1. izinto ezisisiseko. Ezi ikakhulu ziquka i-siseko kunye namaxwebhu federal (iKhowudi Administrative, uMthetho Federal "On kwinkonzo karhulumente", FKZ "Ngomhla Government" njalo njalo.).
2. Izenzo ezinxibelelene namasebe asemthethweni ezahlukeneyo, kodwa isakhiwo yalo nemimiselo elawula kunye nolwalamano zolawulo. Ezi ziquka, ingakumbi, iquka ehlathini, irhafu kunye neekhowudi namasiko.
3. izixhobo International ziya kusebenza kule ndawo zobudlelwane.

imithombo Faka

, ученые констатируют их значительную подвижность. Ukuhlaziya umthetho kwezolawulo nomthetho zolawulo, izazinzulu ziye zagqiba ukuhamba wabo omkhulu. Oku kubangelwa ikakhulu tshintsho luza kwenzeka kwi zomthetho lombutho isakhiwo ombuso. Le mithombo, malunga apho izazinzulu akukho umanyano uluvo, iquka izibonelo zomthetho. Bona, ngokukodwa, ngesigqibo CC kunye BC Bureau. Bona banikwa umlinganiswa emisiweyo. Noko ke, abanalo ixabiso ozimeleyo kwaye senze kangangoko babe izenzo force nokutolikwa ebandakanya kufumaneka. imimiselo COP abantu ngokubanzi iyabophelela kwindalo. Bona asetyenziswa rhoqo kwaye ngokuzimeleyo, kuquka iimeko apho amalungelo afanayo. Ezi zigqibo zezokugqibela, asikwazi koyiswa isiqinisekiso kwakhona imvume akukho isibonelelo esithile kuchasene-siseko. Sinaye ukusebenza ngoko nangoko yaye ziya kupapashwa iincwadi ezisemthethweni.

Xa siqwalasela isigqibo COP njengoko abathwali iinkcukacha ezisemthethweni, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba enxulumene inkululeko kunye nomdla nxaxheba ezahlukeneyo nobudlelwane noluntu. Bona uqulunqe kwindawo entsha intsingiselo yalo, leyo kuxhomekeke kubhaliso inyanzelekile kunye ukuphunyezwa kwezifundo isikhundla sakhe. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zenzo emisiweyo kufuneka yahlukile ukuqonda yesithethe intsingiselo. Ukusuka konke oku siya baphethe elandelayo. imimiselo COP ke imithombo umthetho, yolawulo, kuquka ukuba iimpawu normativity. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukufakwa kwazo elinegunya ekhoyo jikelele kwamaxwebhu isakhiwo yomthetho karhulumente.

Kwinqanaba lobuchule joint

, на которую распространяется действие государственной и региональной власти. umthetho Administrative - inkalo apho ixhomekeke amagunya karhulumente yengingqi. Esi sikhundla isetelwe into. 72 loMgaqo-siseko. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yomtshato ngumthetho wolawulo. Ngengqiqo ebanzi, oko a izixhobo ezinzima apho asebenza kwi likarhulumente, ulawulo kunye ummiselo. Ngamanye amazwi, imithetho yolawulo kunye esemthethweni ubonelela ekuphunyezweni kwemisebenzi kunye imisebenzi-siseko azibeka kwizifundo amandla. Noko ke, abasakwazi eziphathekayo. Ngawo la maziko kwamandla olawulo.

Ezona zinto zifuneka kuqala ukuze kwakhiwe kunye nophuhliso

Ngokuqhelekileyo bahlule iindidi 4 ka-siseko, kukho ulawulo lomthetho orientation ngokukhawuleza. Iqela lokuqala luquka izenzo ukukhusela inkululeko ezingundoqo, imisebenzi abemi, leyo ziyaphunyezwa kwinkalo yolawulo loluntu. конкретизирует их по двум направлениям. imithetho yolawulo Russian Federation licacisa ngeendlela ezimbini. Eyokuqala kukulawula inkululeko kunye amathuba zomthetho womntu nommi. Kwicala lwesibini amanyathelo ejolise ekuqinisekiseni ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo yenziwe.

Imigaqo ngokubanzi ulawulo kunye nokulawulwa

Baya kwenza ibloko yesibini yemithetho zibe uphawu yolawulo. Zikhona kumanqaku ngaphezu kwe-10 loMgaqo-siseko. конкретизирует их в огромном количестве документов. umthetho yolawulo Russian ikhankanya nabo yanikwa lwamaxwebhu. Zakha amaziko azimeleyo kunye amacandelwana. очень тесно связано с конституционными положениями. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba malunga le imimiselo yomthetho zolawulo ngokusondeleyo kakhulu enxibelelene kumalungiselelo siseko. Oku kungenxa ilandelayo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukulawulwa nokusebenza igunya lolawulo baqhubeka kumda kunye nomthetho-siseko.

Kwemida of Subjects zombuso

Izenzo ubuchule self-lolawulo abasemagunyeni yase kanye zengingqi zenza kwibhloko yesithathu. Ezi ziquka Art. 71-73 no 76-78 loMgaqo-siseko. центральной и региональной властью. Enyanisweni, la manqaku zenza isiseko yokuqingqa neendawo apho ukusebenza komthetho yolawulo abasemagunyeni engundoqo nezemimandla. Zicwangcisa imida zikaRhulumente kunye namacandelo ekusombululeni imiba enxulumene ummiselo yonxulumano. Le migangatho ukudala na imiqathango ukuba ukwahlulwa-siseko kwiinkalo yokulawulwa kwempahla karhulumente, ulawulo lwenkonzo karhulumente, umbutho kunye nokusebenza amaziko alawulayo, ekuqinisekiseni amalungelo nenkululeko yomntu nommi.

etshisa ibunzi

Kuthiwa ukuba neyi inkqubo yomtshato yomthetho lwezolawulo abunjwe kuphela ngokusekelwe amalungiselelo siseko. indalo zalo ezifunekayo kunye nezenzo ezizodwa, apho echazwe ngobuchule koogunyaziwe engundoqo nezemimandla. Ababhali ezininzi ziye zaphawula ukuba ngeli xesha lakalokunje, le ngxaki ingasombululwa kuphela kwinqanaba le-Code Administrative. Inika i nkcazelo alupheli yegunya karhulumente kummandla uxanduva lolawulo (inqaku 1.3 le-Code). Kwiimeko ezininzi, izenzo ezinjalo okanye ayikho, okanye ukuba le miba hayi kulawulwa ngabo. Ngokomzekelo, inkonzo karhulumente ummiselo. Ngowe-1995 kwavunywa umthetho ekusekeni isiseko saso. Ngelo xesha, kwisakhono kukarhulumente kunye neengingqi nto leyo ibhaliswe. Ngenxa yoko, xa izenzo kwizifundo kukho ukutenxa ebalulekileyo ukusuka amalungiselelo omgaqo-siseko elawula inkonzo karhulumente.

inkunzi

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kutshanje ingxaki yokumisa impembelelo yolawulo komthetho wesizwe kunye emimandla wawunzima ngenxa yokuba izenzo angekhoyo amagama okotshiweyo "igunya", "into reference", "ubuchule". Namhlanje, le ngxaki sele isonjululwe yinxalenye zokwamkelwa inani Federal Umthetho 119. Le ichaza imigaqo kwisahlulo amagunya phakathi zezakhiwo koogunyaziwe benqila kunye karhulumente. Noko ke, iseti bezinto reference ezinxulumene ngqo kulawulo kwezolawulo zomthetho, yaye namhlanje baphathwe ngendlela ziphikisana.

Umzekelo, kwi-p. "Xa" amanqaku 71 loMgaqo-siseko, ukhuseleko kunye nokulawulwa nenkululeko yomntu nommi ke ayiloxanduva karhulumente. amagunya akwingingqi imiselwe ku n. "b" lwezobuGcisa. 72. Ngokutsho kwimimiselo, xa kwisakhono imimandla kukukhusela inkululeko namalungelo lwabemi abantu. Kulo mzekelo, kukho umbuzo esengqiqweni. nga njani umahluko phakathi kwala magunya ngaphandle ummiselo ngaxeshanye? должно определять свои гарантии. Apha kokuba kuthathwa ukuba lo mthetho yolawulo yommandla ukuchaza yesiqinisekiso sabo. Umzekelo, ukuba zenze imizimba ezikhethekileyo ukunceda uluntu ekukhuseleni inkululeko kunye nomdla.

inkqubo Basics

Bona zenziwe amalungiselelo siseko ezizodwa. Basics zijoliswe ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotyelwa kunye nemigangatho yesizwe yobulungisa yomthetho kwinkqubo karhulumente kunye nokwandiswa izikhuselo ngokwasemthethweni ngamnye. Ngokukodwa, libhekisela kwiSiqendu 46 somGaqo-siseko. Oku kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kubo bonke abemi enkundleni. Ukongeza, ukubaluleka yeSiqendu-118 128. Le mimiselo ifuna ukuba iwise umthetho umisela neengqikelelo ezingundoqo ezimalunga kwiinkqubo zolawulo, iinkqubo ezizodwa kwiingxoxo neengxabano ezivela intsebenziswano zomthetho zoluntu.

Iinkalo eziphambili zophuhliso

совершенствуется сегодня в двух аспектах. umthetho lwezolawulo ephuculweyo namhlanje iinkalo ezimbini. Ngokukodwa, iingxaki zisonjululwe:

1. Ukuphucula ukusebenza inkqubo yolawulo karhulumente.
2. Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokwenene amalungelo abantu kwicandelo kwesebe yesigqeba.

Isisombululo umbuzo wokuqala yimfuneko imvume iseti amanyathelo ezizodwa. . Kufuneka ajolise ekuphuculeni ulawulo kwamashishini ethile eyenza umthetho yezolawulo. Le milinganiselo, ingakumbi, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo nokulawulwa kwemeko kurhulumente, inkonzo yoluntu, iindlela kunye neentlobo kulawulo lukarhulumente. Kulo mzekelo, ukubaluleka iqhosha ukuphuhlisa imithetho enxulumene nezi ndidi yolwalamano lwentlalo, phantsi kwe siseko, kuya kulawulwa nguMthetho Federal.

Ukuphuculwa-sikhokelo esemthethweni

Isisombululo sale ngxaki kubandakanya ukusekwa kwamaziko, ukuqinisekisa inqanaba ubuninzi ukukhusela abemi kunye nemibutho yabo evela izigqibo kunye nezenzo mandla zoluntu kunye namagosa, kwakunye kamasipala kunye karhulumente nabasebenzi mthethweni. Ngamanye amazwi, kufuneka simiswe nakuphi na ukwaphulwa komthetho yolawulo. Ukuze wenze oku, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ukuba ukuphucula iziko zezibheno ezichasa izigqibo kunye nezenzo ngabasemagunyeni. Ukongeza, kufuneka bahlwayele umoya nefuthe elichanekileyo apho kuza kuphunyezwa yi ilungelo ukuziphendulela esemthethweni yabemi. Ngaxeshanye kufuneka ukomeleza indima yeenkundla sicinga unyango. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kule nkalo kukudala Institute of Administrative Justice. Kuyinto indlela yokusombulula iimbambano ziinkundla malunga sokhuseleko olungxamisekileyo inkululeko namalungelo abemi kunye nemibutho esemthethweni.

izakhi Institute

ubulungisa Administrative luquka amacandelo 2: procedural and substantive. Ukusuka lo mbono, ummiselo kufuneka aqinisekise:

1. Ukuqaliswa imithetho ezizodwa kwiinkqubo - enesisombululo kwimbambano esikhethekileyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimpawu zabo ezithile.
2. ukudityaniswa owiso ngokoMthetho yohlobo ngokwasemthethweni isakhiwo amalungu, ukwabiwa kwezinto of reference, inkqubo lwangaphakathi.

Phakathi kweengcali basekhaya buchopho, ingqikelelo kakhulu yenkohlakalo indlela ezizodwa inkqubo yombutho of Justice. Uninzi lwababhali kulo mzekelo kuvela imfuneko ukusombulula le ngxaki ngokuthe ngcembe. Ngokukodwa, oko yaphakanyiswa ukwenza kwiinkundla ngokubanzi phambi ezizodwa imiba yolawulo, uze ufake mandla ezifanelekileyo.

nenkqubo yolawulo

Okwangoku umthetho CAS. Noko ke, xa kusenziwa, isicelo yayo Nangoku ngokwaneleyo eqhelekileyo. Ngakumbi basebenzisa icandelo elichaphazelekayo Code Administrative. Kulo mzekelo ngokokutyhilwa ingcamango "inkqubo yolawulo" Ababhali ezahlukeneyo asondele evela kumacala ahlukeneyo. Ngokukodwa, oko ukuthini:

1. imisebenzi yolawulo Positive izakhiwo zegunya loluntu, ejolise ekuphunyezweni kwamalungelo kunye nemisebenzi yazo. Oku kuchazwe ezahlukeneyo neenkqubo.
2. umsebenzi lolawulo esemthethweni. kubume bayo siyifumana yesisombululo seempikiswano kunye nokusebenzisa amanyathelo zonyanzelo.
3. iinkqubo zolawulo.

isiphelo

Umi ngokusekelwe-siseko, umthetho yolawulo iye indlela ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuphunyezwa bemiqathango yawo. Ngelo xesha, ngalo mzuzwana kukho ezininzi miba ingasonjululwanga. Bona ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa imigangatho, kunye nokukhuselwa imibutho kunye nabemi nxamnye izigqibo kunye nezenzo nabasemagunyeni karhulumente mthethweni. Konke oku phambi enkulu ukusebenza ukuba abasemagunyeni nezemimandla. Okwangoku, amanyathelo ezithile ukusombulula imiba engxamisekileyo sele zenziwe. Ngokukodwa, njengoko sesitshilo ngasentla, esamkelwa CAS. Umsebenzi kuwo lwaqhutywa kwi iLanga Le Code of yeNkqubo yoLawulo useka isikhundla esibalulekileyo. Ingakumbi, umalunga, substantive iingxabano lwezobulungisa lwengingqi, instantsionnoy, ubume nxaxheba kwiinkqubo, iimpawu yobungqina kunye nesiseko ubungqina. Le Code ulungiselela zokwamkelwa imiqathango yethutyana, umisela inkqubo ukuba uthathelwe ingqalelo kwaye ngokutsha iimeko, kuqukwa nezo zinxulumene ngohlobo oluthile ubudlelwane-mthetho eluntwini.