Ukuhlolwa komgangatho kwimveliso

Phantsi umgangatho iimveliso ngokwendlela GOST 15467-79 kufuneka ziqondwe zizo zonke iimpawu zayo ngenxa kuyo uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana, ngokungqinelana nenjongo yayo, iimfuno ezithile.

Igama elithi "imveliso" ngokutsho GOST P ISO 9000-08 (umhlathi 3.4.2) ithathwa apha ngenxa yale nkqubo, nto leyo yingqokelela iindidi ezahlukeneyo izinto ze amaqhina oqhagamshelwano kunye ekunxityelelwana nalo kunye ukuguqula izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza iimveliso (point 3.4.1 le undwendwe efanayo). Ngoko ke, ukumiselwa umgangatho weemveliso kufuneka yenziwe kwimimandla zovavanyo:

• ukuba uyazanelisa iimfuno (okulindelwe okanye iimfuno, ezibunjwe kwaye ziyabophelela okanye akrokrela kuphela - definition ukusuka kumhlathi 3.1.2 we GOST 9000-08);
• uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno, oko kukuthi ukuchaza iseti okanye inqanaba lentsebenzo ezifunekayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo.

Icandelo 4 GOST 15467-79 Ubonisa ukuba uvavanyo umgangatho weemveliso kufuneka kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• zahlula ngokusekelwe kwizibonakalisi umgangatho ngamnye, nganye olwahlula ipropati imveliso (umz, ngokuba lukhuni luphawu umxholo Ca kunye MG iityuwa ekwaziyo yokutshata iidipozithi okanye isikali kwizixhobo);
• complex - usebenzisa iimpawu umgangatho entsonkothileyo (umz; ngokuba 1 kwamanzi, 2, 3, 4 okanye umgangatho kwibakala 5 Singanixelela ukuba amanzi phantsi kwemiqathango acocekileyo, kancinane bangcolile uyosuleleka, elimdaka okanye dirty kakhulu);
• mixed - Uvavanyo lwenziwa usebenzisa i izalathisi abangatshatanga kunye comprehensive (kuba imithombo yamanzi komhlaba zilawulwa kwaye intsebenzo yomntu ngamnye, ezifana lukhuni, kunye nezintsonkothileyo - ezifana nomgangatho beklasi);
• Statistical - basebenzisa manani zemathematika (ngokolandelelwano ukusetyenziswa kolawulo umgangatho ulawula series GOST R 50779).

Ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana neemfuno ikhutshwa phandle ukuba Isalathisi umgangatho nganye phambi kokuthumela imveliso ukuya umthengi. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba ukwamkelwa yolawulo lwangaphandle okanye lwangaphakathi ezisebenzayo kubathengi.

ulawulo Volume, kuquka neendlela zokuhlola umgangatho weemveliso, njengoko zahlula-, enzima okanye oxutyiweyo, leyo waqhuba iimvavanyo emiselweyo iinkcukacha okanye ngemvumelwano (isivumelwano). Ukuba iinkcukacha ayibonisi iimfuno izinga, oko alunakuqinisekiswa. Umzekelo, ngokuba iinqanawa abasebenza phantsi kwemigaqo eliphezulu xi ukulawula nje kuphela umbandela apho icebo yenziwa, uyilo kunye nomlinganiselo, kodwa imisebenzi ezifana imveliso, Wahlanganisa ke, ukulungiswa, uphethwe ulondolozo, ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa. Oko kukuthi, zonke izinto ezifunekayo, ukuthotyelwa zomthetho kunye oqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko iimpahla abasebenza phantsi koxinzelelo.

Igunya (ngokuhambelana nenjongo yayo) ukwanelisa iimfuno ezithile kuqwalaselwa umzekelo iimfuno zomthetho ukuze umgangatho wamanzi iikhemikhali ndenziwe nyulu elungiselelwe ukuvelisa umphunga. manzi kule amaxwebhu yobugcisa ekubhekiselwe kuwo zihlanjululwe iikhemikhali (desalted) okanye zesondlo (anikiwe kwibhoyila amandla apho umphunga iveliswa).

Uvavanyo lomgangatho imveliso lwenziwa ngendlela ethile parameters: iimfuno ukuzicwangcisa ngokuxhomekeke sibini yemida (njengophantsi, njengophakathi okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu). Umzekelo, ukuba boilers kunye noxinzelelo zomsebenzi 9 kgf / cm², 18 kgf / cm² kunye 50 kgf / cm², yobulukhuni feedwater kufuneka kungabi ngaphezulu kwe-70 micromoles / kg, 15 mmol / kg kwaye 5 pmol / kg ngokulandelelanayo. Le iikhompawundi zobhedu, ibalwe njengoko Cu, kuba amatyala amabini sokuqala azilawulwa, kunye boilers kunye noxinzelelo olusebenza 50 kgf / cm² zesiqulatho emanzini feed akufuneki ngaphezu kwama-20 mg / kg.

Ukuvavanywa umgangatho weemveliso ikhutshwa phandle kweelebhu abanolwazi, iimfuno ngokubanzi ezibunjwe GOST R ISO / IEC 17025-09. Umgangatho lwezinto ezifunekayo 15 zolawulo lomgangatho kuvavanyo okanye umlinganiselo kwimibhobho Iilabhoratri kunye neemfuno 10 zobugcisa. Ngaphandle kokuba ezi laboratory wathengisa ngayo ukuze mazingqinisiswe phantsi ngoku iNkqubo yoLawulo loMgangatho kwi umbutho okanye elamkelweyo liqumrhu elizimeleyo. Le ndlela yokugqibela yeyona isiqinisekiso bolwazi oluphucukayo, Kakade ke, ebalulekileyo kakhulu.

Inkqubo yolawulo usebenza isakhiwo yombutho, kusetyenziswa ukulawula iinkqubo okanye imisebenzi kukuguqula izinto yobutyebi ibe imveliso okanye inkonzo ukuba ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zalo mbutho. Umzekelo, umgangatho iimfuno ngokwaneliseka, imigaqo yokhuseleko okanye iinjongo kokusingqongileyo.

Uvavanyo lomgangatho imveliso kwi mveliso amaninzi amazwe kwenzeka esekelwe kulawulo kwinkqubo-manani, ngokusekelwe indlela Six Sigma. Kuba elilawulwa kwezobalo iinkqubo okuba kukho ukusilela ezingalindelekanga ilinganiselwe ukuya amathandathu nokuphambuka eqhelekileyo ukusuka lonikezelo oluqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi, ngaphantsi kwe billionths ezine. Ukuqaliswa kwale ndlela yenza kube lula ukuqinisekisa iimveliso eliphezulu nelizinzileyo quality.