Ukucwangciswa yokugcina kunye nokugcinwa isithuba

Nje mzekelo, unako ukubala phezu ukusebenza inzuzo zenkampani xa imigca zemveliso kunye neendibano zocweyo ngalo naliphi na ixesha ayabonelelwa kusini na ngezixhobo ekrwada, yaye isebe intengiso - kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo. Kuphephe kwemitshini fail ukuba basondele elumkileyo yokugcina nokucwangcisa kwishishini. Le mba kwajongwana kwiindawo ezininzi lokucwangcisela, ingxaki ifundwa ngokweenkcukacha, ukuze, xa uhlolo ngokucokisekileyo lo mbandela, ungenza indawo yokugcina umfuziselo, ukuphelisa kwemitshini. Ndimele ndithi, ucwangciso yokugcina sizalwa kuzo zonke iinkampani ngempumelelo mihla.

Ingakumbi kwezicwangciso yokugcina

yempahla ucwangciso ngenyameko kuthathela ingqalelo zonke iinkalo zemisebenzi isithuba. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo unikwa ngamathuba evumelekileyo imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ngumsebenzi onzima phezu kwexesha ivumela isicwangciso imveliso kwi ukuya yokugcina yokubonelela zonke izinto eziyimfuneko, ukuthumela kuye impahla azikho nje kakuhle, kodwa bhetyebhetye ngokwaneleyo. Ngelo xesha enze umsebenzi yonke imiyalelo ziyafumaneka kwinkqubo ulwazi lwangaphakathi. Xa ucwangciso esichanekileyo zimpahla yokugcina kunye nokwamkelwa iimveliso ziyathandwa ixesha elincinane ngokwaneleyo, ngoko ke ebezingahambelani nemigangatho emiselwe kwangaphambili.

Eyona njongo ephambili lukho ukucwangciswa spare amalungu warehouse, iimveliso, iiseramikhi kuphela, okanye nantoni na - na inguqu mbutho zibe okhuphisana esiluqilima kwimarike, nto leyo kufikelelwe ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi esebenzayo nokungenisa inzuzo yezoqoqosho kwesi sifundo.

ukuqala phi?

Kungakhathaliseki nokuba isicwangciso yogcino ukuba ishishini Iyindawo okanye ukusebenza kuphela amanqaku yokugcina abathengisi, indlela uye imigangatho jikelele. Kuqala kunye novavanyo:

• imali;
• inqanaba lenkonzo;
• iindleko-inventri;
• umthamo izinto ezithengiweyo.

Ngubani ukuthemba?

Njengoko bathi Iingcali entsimini lokucwangcisela, ucwangciso kunye nendawo le warehouses oluncedisayo yokusebenza kungcono ukuya ngokukodwa kwasekwa iqela lomsebenzi. Ukuze benze oku, eli sebe abasebenzi lwenza iqela yoyilo, ingeniso kunye nesebe namaxwebhu uhlawula ingqalelo ekhethekileyo iinkqubo umsebenzi kwinkampani, okwangoku esebenzayo, kwaye ubhala ngazo.

Lidla iinkalo ukhuseleko umlilo kwezicwangciso yokugcina banyanzeleka nje ukuphonononga izicwangciso kwi ukubeka indlela isebe ngaphakathi, kodwa maxa onke ukuze ngokutsha yokugcina. Ukongeza, le nkqubo yenza kube lula ukuqoqosha isithuba, ukwenza kube ngakumbi ngokuhambelana nemigangatho ixesha lethu, ingakumbi kummandla lo mbutho. A mkhuba okucwangcisa ekugcinwa kuyo kulo maplanga, imizi-mveliso kunye nezinye amashishini zoshishino izixhobo yohlaziyo, oomatshini kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yogcino. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ixhaphakileyo ukhetho - ufakelo lweenkqubo automated ezinciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi kwaye inciphise amathuba yeempazamo ngenxa izinto zabantu.

Yintoni ufune?

Ukusuka ekucebeni yokugcina kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo, uluhlu, okanye ezinye izibonelelo eziyimfuneko ukuze sinikele ingqalelo imiba emininzi kwaye ebalulekileyo ye-jikelele. Ngokukodwa, ukuhamba iqala kuxatyiso yokubala, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe iqela elisebenzayo uyasebenza zonke iinkcukacha abangcono, ngoko isicwangciso lugubungela zonke mathuba zokusebenza.

Kufuneka sisebenze kakuhle kwi ucwangciso ekugcinwa kuyo, ngaphandle kokutyeshela nayiphi na imiba ebalulekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, iziphumo kufuneka zibe ngohlobo lokuba ekupheleni umsebenzi wabo nako ukusebenzisa lula. Ukuze isicwangciso ezinjalo iinkcukacha zibonakalisa imeko yokwenene yemicimbi kule nkampani, kufuneka ube ngokupheleleyo iinkcukacha ezigcinwayo efanelekileyo ebonisa into eyenzekayo ngaphakathi kuye.

Kwelinye icala, anike iinkcukacha

yempahla isicwangciso umsebenzi - uhlolo kunye nokunikezelwa iinketho ezahlukeneyo kwizakhiwo. Ngalinye leqela olucetywayo ukusebenza kweeprojekthi kuqikelelwa yi ingcali ekhethiweyo ukuze linikwe ulawulo nkampani. Oku kunceda ukuba kuxhamle izisombululo kakhulu yimpumelelo.

Ukuceba inkqubo namalungiselelo kwi yokugcina iqala ngaphakathi yaye ngokuthe ngcembe "ukuhamba" ngaphandle. Oku kuthetha ukuba iqela lokuqala ukusebenza lisebenza kwimiba inventri, ubugcisa, izisombululo zobugcisa isicelo ngaphakathi yokugcina, iiprojekthi ezihambayo imijelo izinto zolondolozo, uze kuphela ukhetha isakhiwo, apho konke oku kuphunyezwa kunye iindleko oluncinane kunye ngempumelelo enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuvulwa kwesicwangciso esitsha ekwakheni inkqubo namalungiselelo kwi yokugcina ayikagqitywa. Kuyimfuneko ukuba bafunde bonke abasebenzi kunye nenkqubo yolwazi eziphuhlileyo, ngokunjalo ukuxhasa ukuhamba ngexesha lenene. Oku kuthetha ukuba abaqulunqi iqela lokusebenza ukhethe iingcali ezimbalwa uxanduva. umsebenzi wabo uza kuba ukulawula imisebenzi phakathi yokugcina, imilinganiselo ubungakanani uphuculo nophuhliso lwentsebenzo iinketho kule projekthi ukusebenza, kwaye kwixesha elizayo - litsha ngokupheleleyo ukuphendula kwiimeko ukutshintsha.

Project: ntoni njani?

Ihlela yokugcina njalo ibandakanya isifundo iinkcukacha zale projekthi, equka:

• Ukuqulunqwa kweenjongo;
• umsebenzi inethiwekhi;
• Hlela uphuhliso;
• ukuqaliswa kwe ocwangcisiweyo;
• uqale ukusebenza.

Ihlela yokugcina: yonke into enxulumene

Inkqubo yesicwangciso sidla yahlulwe kumanqanaba aliqela, kodwa athathe ingqalelo ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo. Oku kuthetha ukuba amanyathelo azikho iyangqinelana kwaye ingqamene. Ngoko ke, xa ngexesha elinye iqela zokusebenza ujongene nemiba yokugcina, ihamba uluhlu, khetha iindawo kunye nobuchwephesha, oomatshini. Ngelo xesha ukupheliswa efanayo kuyimfuneko ukufumana ukulingana phakathi kwezi nkalo.

Onke amacandelo zidibene. Inoku engqondweni xa becwangcisa isifundo yokugcina, iingcali abanezakhono zisoloko zibekwe esweni njengoko kuboniswe ukutshintsha inkalo enye ukuya kwenye. Eyona ndlela isebenzayo kugqalwa i uniko xa ndzhendzheleko ukhandwa ngolandelelwano lwezinto ziphindwa xesha ngalinye inguqu ubuncinane umlinganiselo.

Planning: kwenzeka ntoni?

Umsebenzi luqala pre-ucwangciso, ngexesha leyo idala umfuziselo rough. Ngayo ukuphuhlisa, ugxininise uqikelelo mali, indlela projekthi. Idatha eyaziwayo kwesi sigaba, ukuvumela ukuba izixazululo, ezo zisekelwe iintshukumo ezilandelayo-up. Kodwa ulwazi noluchanekileyo ngakumbi ukuba kusetyenziswa.

Inqanaba elilandelayo - nentekelelo kwezibonelelo eziyimfuneko ukulungiselela ukusebenza oluchanekileyo lweshishini. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ukuba uqikelelo mali uze ube ingcamango echanileyo kwicala le projekthi. Wena ke ukuqhubeka nocwangciso eneenkcukacha.

Iinkcukacha kunye nezinto ezincinane

Xa iqela ukusebenza uza kwinyathelo yesicwangciso oluneenkcukacha, ngokuvisisana nemilinganiselo elamkeleke logichestike esebenza kunye okukhutshwa manqanaba alandelayo:

• Fumana indawo ekugcinwa kuyo;
• izicwangciso imimandla zangaphakathi nezangaphandle;
• amagumbi zokufunda ngaphakathi;
• Uhlalutyo uyakudinga ubugcisa, yokusungula;
• okubonisa amandla abasebenzi, impahla;
• izicwangciso imisebenzi ngamnye.

Njani ukuba bangashiyi

Ngokuba iqela ukusebenza kubalulekile ukulawula intshukumo phakathi isitokhwe ibiqikelelwe ye ulwazi kanye. Enye indlela Qiniseka ukuba ukuphoswa nantoni na ngaphandle ngundaba-- uxwebhu zonke iinkqubo zoshishino, ngokunjalo ukuze akwazi ukuhamba kolwazi kunye nazo zonke iinkqubo kwalapha kwinkampani. Ukongezelela, unako ukusebenza ngaphandle iinkcazelo zemisebenzi. Oku kakhulu ngempumelelo ngokusebenzisa zolwazi ezizodwa.

Kulo mzekelo, qala isicengcelezo okanye isizathu ayikhuthazwa. Ngokutsho iingcali, kufuneka kuqala ukubhala isicwangciso soshishino ngokwemiqathango angekho ngaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu, kodwa emininzi izazinzulu-kumgangatho wehlabathi bayavuma ukuba mveliso ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi esitalini isicwangciso kufanele ukuba lubandakanye elishumi ezayo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba nje kuphela kwi-akhawunti ezenzeka ngoku, kodwa kwakhona ukuqikelela utshintsho imfuno, kwicala nokuphuculwa lweshishini.

Trat kakhulu okanye kancinci?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, uyilo yokugcina Kudinga isuntswana Finance - hayi ngaphezulu kwe-15% yazo zonke iindleko ezinxulumene kunye nokudalwa indawo yokugcina entsha, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo nokuba ngaphantsi. Kodwa akukho sizathu ibukele kuye! Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuba ukuvuselelwa pre-ucwangciso isigaba - eli xesha, xa iqela yomsebenzi uqokelela inani eliphezulu kunokwenzeka lwe data. Ukuba awukwazi ukuqokelela imali efunekayo ulwazi, oko kuya kukhokelela ekubeni ukwehla umsebenzi nokwanda neendleko, kwakunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza yeqela bajongene nokucwangcisa.

Warehouses zihlukile

Ukuthetha kwezicwangciso indawo yokugcina, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ezi zinokwahluka kakhulu enye kwenye. Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Abathengisi, umzekelo, babe amanqanaba ahlukeneyo yezixhobo zobugcisa, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo lombutho kunye nendlela nobuchwepheshe. Oku kuthetha ukuba izibonelelo ezifana zicwangciswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, oko kukuthi, kusengqiqweni ukuba ukwazisa kucalulo yamaqela.

criteria Main:

• indawo kuthelekiswa flow izinto;
• imisebenzi eyabelwe yokugcina;
• Uluhlu lwemveliso;
• izinto zobugcisa;
• imishini;
• inani ndawo;
• ifomu ulawulo kwemibutho;
• izithuthi.

nemiba yeengcingane

Xa becwangcisa isifundo iqela ukusebenza kudala uyilo, apho ngobuwena ngqo, iimpahla zibe ukufikeleleka best umsebenzisi ozalanayo (Umthengi). Xa esi sicwangciso yahlulwe kabini: iqonga apho zolondolozo zigcinwa, kwakunye site ebekelwe ezinye iinjongo. Kukholelwa ukuba umlinganiselo isebenzayo phakathi kwezi sayithi - 2: 1, esetyenziswa ukugcina iinxalenye kufuneka kabini ilungiselelwe imisebenzi abancedisayo.

Xa becwangcisa USB, zama ukusebenzisa kuphela ezona ndlela eyiyo ngokubekwa, yokubeka oovimba, kwaye isikhundla xa kuthelekiswa namanye zicwangciswe ngendlela eya kunceda abanye neempembelelo kunye umonakalo kuye kwenzeka ngenxa ebumelwaneni ezingathandekiyo. Vala enye kwenye ukuzama ukubeka iimveliso ezifana ukufudukela apho usebenzise indlela efanayo.

yokugcina Obschetovarny

It linokuchazwa njengoko hlobo luqhelekileyo warehouses kwiinkampani norhwebo kwilizwe lethu (hayi kuphela). Okwangoku le ndawo imfuyo:

• imveliso, apho kukhethwa wenza ukusebenza ukusebenza;
• abangabancedani esetyenziselwa kwizikhongozeli umxholo, pallets, izikhongozeli;
• zobugcisa, nto leyo waseka ezahlukeneyo izixhobo kunye nonxibelelwano. Ziquka kwakhona ukugcinwa, nabalungisi yokusebenza;
• yezolawulo, indlu.

Iimpawu zenkqubo, kakade, iphenjelelwa ngamandla ngenxa yokuba uya kuba yintoni na indawo isicwangciso nedlela zokugcina. Kakade kwinqanaba yokuyila iqela esebenza esakha uluhlu olupheleleyo isithuba ethile yokugcina efunekayo, kwakunye neziphumo ngokomlinganiselo kwindawo umlinganiselo omnye komnye. Ngelo xesha efuna ukucwangcisa i ukuhamba eqhubekayo, yahlulwe angabi uphazamisana nabanye enabela nganye.

Warehouse: ukukhetha njani?

ezininzi Xa ukhetha igumbi, impendulo yalo mbuzo ulula: esiyihlolayo oko kwakufuneka ndawo, wazikrazula isakhiwo esifanelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha iinkampani sina ukubala elizayo, ingakumbi abo ezincinane. Kodwa kufuneka siqonde ukuba iimfuno nkampani zinokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngakumbi nangakumbi kukho amathuba yokugubungela iimarike ukuba azifumaneki omnye unyaka kwiminyaka okanye emibini edlulileyo, kodwa ke nalo olu khuphiswano banda, batshintsha iimeko zokusebenza. Le miba ibe nempembelelo shishino indawo yengqesho yokugcina. Ngoko ke, inkampani akathandi ukuchitha imali nto, azihlole ikamva uze kuphela wenze isigqibo bekekhetha ukhetho oluthile.

ndaba neempawu

Into yokuqala, lifanelwe ingqalelo kulo mba, - i indawo okuyo ye kummandla ochaphazelekayo. Mhlawumbi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthutha izinto phakathi izitora, ukuba inkampani iya kuba izakhiwo eziliqela, yaye ezi ndleko kufuneka kuqwalaselwe kwangaphambili. Kulungiselelo ezibiza kakhulu, kokukhona nkampani kuya kufuneka ukuba benze ithegi ixabiso yokuba ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekubeni into yokuba umthengi kho iya aye okhuphisanayo. Oku - inkuthazo ukunciphisa iindleko ezinxulumene logistics.

Kodwa ishishini yokugcina yemveliso kulula kancinci. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le nkampani eliqeqesha zonke warehouses e kwisityalo, mveliso, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa iindleko imali kunye nexesha kwindawo yothutho. Kodwa ke ingxaki ngqo ke kukhethwe ubukhulu kangangoko. Umceli-mngeni omkhulu igqalwa ucwangciso nosasazwayo, zokugcina ubonelelo. Xa nayiphi na kwezi ndlela, yeQela eliSebenzayo ulindele iindleko ezinxulumene ukuqwalasela ukuba kungenzeka, iingeniso zenkampani, ibala umlinganiselo phakathi kwabo, likuvumela ukuba siqonde indlela le yempahla kuya kuba luncedo ukuba inkampani.

Yintoni eyayiza kufuneka ukuze uchithe?

Iindleko Uqikelelo lokuqala ezinxulumene ne zothutho. Ezi tyalo zithathwa ukuba yokuqala, oku kubandakanya umsebenzi ukudala, nokulungiswa kweendlela, ekuthengeni izithuthi, ukwakhiwa kwamaziko ngenxa kwemitshini, nokulungiswa koomatshini. Ukongeza, le didi lubandakanya iindleko ezinxulumene kunye nezikhundla yokuthumela, ukunikezelwa.

Enye into yenkcitho enxulumene kucwangciso nokuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso zokugcina zifezeke - oko ngqo wokwakha. Kwakhona, iindleko pre-operating kulindeleke. Eli qela mali zibandakanya nemali, izixhobo ihambile. Musa ukulibala malunga ukulungiswa, imali yezinkonzo, payroll. Uvavanyo yezi ndleko kufuneka ilungiswe sele kukwinqanam locwangciso.

Okunye - ngcono. Okanye akunjalo?

Ngokubanzi, indawo yokugcina enkulu nenzuzo ngaphezu amancinci. Ithathwe ukuvavanya iindleko Specific yokugcina: ton kwempahla egcinwe nganye. Ekubeni ixabiso elincinane, ubukhulu igumbi, oko kuthathwa ukuba kwiivenkile ezinkulu basoloko akukhetha amancinci. Ngelo xesha linye komdibaniso eliqela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kweendawo zokugcina ezincinane owned yinkampani kwindawo yokugcina enkulu ndiya kunikhweletisa ukunyuka iindleko zothutho njengoko zokuthumela iya kuba kangako. Kodwa ubukho warehouses ezincinane - njengenyathelo umthengi, njengoko kuyacuthwa iindleko zokuhamba, lifinyele ixesha delivery. Kwelinye icala, bonganyelwe iindleko ezinxulumene nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo (unxibelelwano, abasebenzi).

Indlela yokufumana indawo ephakathi? Iingcali Siyaleza ukuvavanya le miba ilandelayo:

• mninzi Ukhuphiswano;
• kufuphi umthengi;
• kufuphi abanikezela zempahla ekrwada;
• nemigangatho kummandla ophilileyo;
• ithuba ukuze kuxhotyiswe abasebenzi yokugcina;
• kumanqanaba emivuzo ukuyifikelela;
• umthamo izithuthi;
• irhafu;
• inzuzo.

Ngaphezu koko kuhlalutywa nokuba yokugcina enokubakho ibekwe kufuphi kaloliwe, isixeko esikhulu, chaza ixabiso lomhlaba, kwakunzima lokufumana imvume. A kocazululo ngenyameko ezi zinto kunceda ukuchonga khetho kukulungele: nokudalwa elinye yokugcina enkulu okanye ezininzi ezincinane.