Eziphathekayo ocoliweyo: iinkcukacha, GOST

eziphathekayo Fine kuyinto material zokwakha ngeenjongo ezizodwa. Lusetyenziswa kwiimeko apho ukusetyenziswa ngekhonkrithi aqhelekileyo enzima akunakwenzeka. Oku kufuneka kubandakanye kokuvala, zalisa ukwakhiwa gustoarmirovannyh kunye nelungiselelo amanzi. Kodwa ngaphambi kokwenza umxube kufuneka baziqhelanise nazo zonke iinkcukacha zayo kwakunye iimpawu.

iimpawu technical

Ichazwe ngentla apha a izinto eziphathekayo lwezakhiwo, wadala ngokusekelwe lwesamente. Njengoko izinto ezisisiseko benza raznofraktsionny ngesanti namanzi. Olu hlobo ikhonkrithi ukwabizwa ngokuba isanti, kwaye umahluko ophambili amanga neqiniso ukuba iqhezu amasuntswana eziphathekayo ekwakhiweni akufunekanga ibe ngaphezulu kwe-2.5 mm.

Ukuxinana kwezi ngekhonkrithi enzima yaye enzima zingaqala 2200 ukuya 2500 kg / m³. Iqondo lobushushu enganyangekiyo inokuba kulingana isiphelo +5 ukuya +30 ° C. Ukukwazi ukunyamezela uxinzelelo kugcinwa 25 MPA. amandla Compressive yi 18.5 MPA, malunga nendlela ekubalwa ngayo ukumelana, oko kulingana 14.5 MPA.

ukumelana uFrost usenokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke izithako ezisetyenziswe, kukuba uluhlu lemijikelo-50 ukuya ku-1000 yovalo kunye thawing. eziphathekayo Fine uba kwinqanaba elithile ukuxhathisa amanzi. Le eyesibini iparameter otyunjwe unobumba «W» kwaye ne iindidi ukususela-2 ukuya kuma-20.

Iimpawu ezongezelelweyo

ikhonkrithi enzima ocoliweyo-olungisiweyo kufuneka ubuchule ukubamba imilo kwangaphambili ngexesha elithile, oko bachatshazelwa yi-ratio zesamente nesanti ngokunjalo namanzi. Ukuba imixube okunamafutha, ukuba kwenziwa om-1 ukuya ku-1 okanye 1 ukuya kwisi-1.5. Xa izisombululo ezinjalo, iinkozo zicwangciswe ukuqhela omnye komnye.

Ukuba isixa Umatshini yancitshiswa, oko kuya kubangela ukuba vodopotreblyaemosti ukuhla nezokunyuka. injongo Fine eziphathekayo eyakhayo nibe senilungile lile ilandelayo: 1: 3.5 no-1: 4. Le ikhonkrithi iya kuba viscous ngakumbi, ukuba isiqulatho isanti iza kwandiswa. Plasticity ukuphucula kongezwe amanzi kunye plasticizers. Ukuba ukunciphisa isixa zesamente, oko kunokubangela ngokwahlukana.

ukuba irekhodi

Ukusebenzisa olinganise kangangoko wokuxuba eziphathekayo, uya kuqinisekisa loxinano eqhelekileyo ekusebenzeni ukuhamba. Ukuba umsebenzi iye yenziwa ngokuchanekileyo, i eziphathekayo ocoliweyo-olungisiweyo uya kuba ezixineneyo kakhulu, ukufana elungileyo, ukumelana nokufuma ukuqina ukugoba yezihlunu. Uxhathiso Neqabaka zokufunda banda, lo gama i-inxalenye sasekunene ukuhamba eqhelekileyo ukuba awabe umxube ukhawulezise kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Phakathi iimpawu ezintle imathiriyeli - ngendleko ephantsi, oluphazanyiswa kukungabikho aggregate irhabaxa. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba ukuthutha. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ikhonkrithi inika nsimbi.

Ububanzi bokusebenzisa

entle kakhulu eziphathekayo kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwiindawo apho imizila sentsilelo ezirhabaxa aggregate. Xa kusetyenziswa kuxutywa yokunyuka zesamente, ezinokuthi sikhatshwe ubunzima ekukhetheni nomlinganiselo lwezithako. Kodwa bobubi abo mababuyekezwe ukulondoloza kuthutho ilitye eyaphukileyo, luhlalu.

Iimpawu litye lesikhumbuzo nokuba ingaphuculwa ngokusebenzisa plasticizer ukunciphisa iindleko lokugqibela. Le lokufaka Polymer yenza ukuxhathisa izinto ukuya kwindawo ndlongondlongo namanzi kunye iqabaka. Concretes esindayo ecikizekileyo, amagama zezobugcisa ziye zikhankanywe ngentla zisetyenziswa kwezoyilo monolithic ngakumbi nezintsonkothileyo, umzekelo:

• izahlulelo ezingcakacileyo-enqatyisiweyo;
• nasemagumbini uphahla;
• ekwenziweni eqingqiweyo park;
• ukuyilwa lamajelo, amatanki kunye nemibhobho;
• xa ukuvelisa amatye ukupheyiva ,
• ehlahla Iizilebhu kunye esikuthintela;
• ekwenziweni kuthinjwe olungaphambili ujike kunye cap;
• ekwakheni izakhiwo hydraulic;
• xa kusenziwa Uphahla enhle.

Ekwakhiweni sisincoko enjalo ingaba indawo ulungelelwaniso. Ukuba usebenzisa B25 eziphathekayo kwibakala, ngoko kunokuba umgangatho yentsimbi-eziphathekayo, ukuba kutywinwe amalungu neentanda ezindongeni.

The main eziluncedo nezingeloncedo

ikhonkrithi Fine-olungisiweyo, ogama yokuqamba ekhankanywe kweli nqaku, ineendlela ezininzi, kubalulekile ukuba umahluko phakathi kwabo:

• amandla ratio High;
• ithuba ukwenza izinto kunye iipropati ezithile;
• ukumelana eliphezulu imithwalo lokungcangcazela;
• isakhiwo esifanayo;
• kungenzeka wokuguqula mxube.

Noko ke, loo nto iye ezingalunganga zayo, zibe kusetyenziso lwesamente ophakamileyo, a lukhuni aphezulu shrinkage kwiimveliso eyahlulayo. Xa kuziwa lukhuni, kusenokuba nzima unyango.

Yenziwe ngoobani kunye karhulumente nemigangatho

Ekuvelisweni umbandela ochazwe kusetyenziswa GOST, concretes enzima ecikizekileyo, iinkcukacha ezo ezikhankanywe kwinqaku eyenziweyo usebenzisa ngeekhomponenti asisiseko zesamente kunye namanzi. Kodwa ezi zinto zinokuba nesanti umlambo kunye luhlalu. Kwimeko yokuqala, iqhezu kufuneka ingadluli inqanaba 2.5 mm. Ekhathazekile ingongezwa ukuba ubukhulu balo yamasuntswana ayidluli-10 mm. Kwakhona, ukongeza koko, isakhiwo zithako kusenokubonisa imfuneko plasticizers. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuphumeza isakhiwo eyohlobo olulodwa.

Ukongeza isamente ngesixa esikhulu kunokuba kuyimfuneko, uba sengozini ukufumana isisombululo ukuba iya kuba kugula kwi wamatye. Ukuba le nto ithe ongezwe e-mali yaneleyo, ngoko emva kokuba ephilisa umbandela uya kuba amandla aphantsi. Eziphathekayo nzima yaye ngokuhle kakhulu-olungisiweyo (GOST 7473-2010) unako kuveliswa tide eliphantsi. Le iteknoloji kunxulumene ukwakha imida, nezingqameko, ngokunjalo ukupheyiva nemàbhula. Kwimeko kwezakhiwo ezingcakacileyo-onodonga, usebenzisa indlela zamafu abangakumbi. Le nto idla lwenza isiseko kumphezulu wendlela, njengoko enokumelana eliphezulu lamanzi kunye nokumelana ebandayo.

Ubandakanya lokufaka

components eziphathekayo Fine kufuneka zikhethwe kuthathelwa ingqalelo imigangatho. Isisombululo kufuneka ibe ngamacandelo ukuba babe neempawu ezahlukeneyo. Imimiselo elawula ukusetyenziswa intlabathi, kubungakanani uqhekeko. Okokuqala, intlabathi wayigocagoca kwekhusi, kubuzwa 2.5 mm. Oku kukuvumela ukuba iqhezu kuqala. Ngoko ke igridi isetyenziswa ne ubukhulu enemingxuma ka-1.2 mm.

Emva iseli lifinyele, kufuneka zihambelane ubungakanani 0,135 mm. Konke oko uya kucanda umnatha ngexesha lokugqibela, ziya kusetyenziswa lokufaka. ikhonkrithi Fine-olungisiweyo kufuneka ilungiswe usebenzisa iqela lokuqala isanti zibe ngumqulu we-20 ukuya kuma-50% ye-ubunzima iyonke. Umqulu lentsalela iya kuba iqhekeza encinane yesibini.