Ukubhutyuza "ngeminwe" xa nokukhawulezisa; izinto eziphambili. Imithetho ukusombulula le ngxaki,

Naluphi na ingxolo esindayo kule abanini kwisithuthi badla ukuba bazive ahlale evule amehlo. Kwaye ukuba ezi zandi hayi ziboniswe kwi yokusebenza uqhuba, inkangeleko yabo kanye yenza umqhubi acinge uxilongo. On iimoto ezininzi enga iyagqabhuka 'iminwe' ngexesha ukukhawulezisa, kodwa ingxaki idla ngoyaba. Isandi kwenzeka xa imoto oqalwe isantya. Ukuba akahlawuli ixesha ingqalelo kuyo, kukho iingxaki emibi kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo, ukufumanisa izizathu inkqonkqoze, nokuba ukulungisa le ngxaki ngokwakho, abaqhubi beemoto abakwazi. Makhe sijonge ngoonobangela yomqhubi krakra okwakuyeyona izandi, kwakunye bafunde ukucombulula njani le ngxaki kunye injini.

ifikile iminwe

Ngenxa yokuba motor elisebenza phantsi komthwalo, unako ukufikelela iithowuni izandi zalo. Nyamalala xa ucofa ngesantya ethile. Ubuchwephetshe bokuba isikolo endala ziya kuthi oko enga iyagqabhuka "ngeminwe" ngexesha lunikezelo. Noko ke, umqhubi uya kumangaliswa kwaye uya kuba nelungelo ngokupheleleyo: kwi "ngeminwe", kuzinza ngoko Pistons, isandi akunanto yakwenza. Uhlobo ibibhutyuzwe Ungumlinganiswa eyahlukileyo. Ibizwa ngokuba detonation. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yesizathu esithile, amafutha ukuze zivutha kakuhle. Iliza udubulo lubonakala egumbini yokutsha ukusuka piston kwaye ukusuka eludongeni njengesilinda. Oku kudala inkqonkqoze metal sonorous kakhulu, apho iingcali ukuba uve isandi "ngeminwe".

Kutheni i 'iminwe'?

Inkqubo umxube yokutsha enokutsha kwi injini ziyalungiswa ngokupheleleyo series. Kufutshane ucinezelo ngelangatye isibane, yaye ngokuthe ngcembe balizalise lonke njengesilinda. Kodwa ke kukho enye indlela yokutsha - detonation. Ukudidiyela amafutha umxube egumbini yokutsha kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Oku kwandisa uxinzelelo neqondo lobushushu. Olu uqhushumbo wabiza detonation. Yiyo loo nto loo umqhubi uva ukubhutyuzwa kwebhola - avela ngokufutha. omlilo olufanelekileyo Isantya flame andise luthatha 30 m / s. uxinzelelo Gas kwandisa kancinci. Ekubeni onjalo nelangatye yokutsha lizele ngokuthe isilinda. Igesi phantsi koxinzelelo kwi impompo kuhle. Musa knock irhasi kwenzeka phezu kweendonga kwamagumbi yokutsha, ekubeni kungekho dubulo. Ukuba izinga isilonda mkhulu ngoko oku imfuneko detonation. Hi ndlela leyi, le meko luyingozi kakhulu ukuba injini.

Detonation - ntoni na?

Ukuba knock i "oobhontsi phezulu" kunisasaza, ngoko oku kubonisa detonation kwi injini. Loo maKristu abizwa ngokuba nangoko kwaye etshabalalisayo kakhulu amandla nayiphi dubulo kwezinto ezinokutsha okanye emva betha actuation yokuqhumisa. Le nkcazo-magama Ushakov. ezinokuvutha Detonation engines imoto - a imixube umtshiso ngokukhawuleza zepetroli kunye nomoya. Oku kwenzeka xa injini isebenza phantsi komthwalo kwi rpm eliphantsi amafutha esikumgangatho osezantsi. Le nkqubo kunye enkqonkqoza, ukungcangcazela, lobushushu avuke. Ngenxa yoko, ndinkqonkqoza 'iminwe' ngexesha lunikezelo (VAZ-2112 ingakumbi).

Kutheni kukho detonation?

Le octane Inani amafutha - ngomlinganiselo oluphawula lomlingani ukumelana kwanokubuyisela amanzi enokutsha ngexesha ucinezelo. Ngamanye amazwi, oku ukuxhathisa detonation. Ngokwendalo, iinjini, apho umlinganiselo ucinezelo kakhulu phezulu, oko diesel kunye nenombolo octane eliphezulu. Nayiphi injini wesimanje aye eliphezulu ratio ucinezelo. Ukuba ugcwalisa yakhe ezisezantsi-octane ipetroli, oko kakhulu kwandisa ubungozi detonation. Umphezulu ucinezelo - a self-ukutshiswa amafutha umxube kwi iziqulathi. Esinye isizathu sokuba le nto - umle unburnt okanye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu egumbini yokutsha. Esinye isizathu sokuba ndinkqonkqoza 'iminwe' le injini ngexesha unikezelo - engamafutha umxube olihlwempu. Ukuba ukwandisa umthamo womoya ngokunxulumene amafutha, ibangela sinkqonkqoza. Too umxube ezinqinileyo akwitankana ngalo mzuzu yempembelelo kuya kubangela detonation kungenzeka ngakumbi kunesiqhelo. Kwakhona, nemiphumo efanayo kwenzeka imithwalo eliphezulu. Ukubhutyuza "ngeminwe" ukuze lisasazwe ngenxa yeyunithi amandla overload. Xa uqala ukuya gear wesithathu endaweni yokuqala, kusenokubakho umsesane nje kuphela, kodwa into ebuntsimbi clang olwahlukileyo.

Omnye nezizathu enkqonkqoza

Xa imoto ukhetha isantya, injini a simo. Ingakumbi ukuba kufuneka ziye imoto ngesiquphe. Xa umqhubi ayicinezele namafutha ezinyovwayo ukuya phantsi uluhlu amagophe ezibukhali, umzekelo omnye amawaka amathandathu, ngoko umqhubi uva ingxolo 'iminwe' ebudeni lunikezelo ( "Ngaphambi" asinto ngaphandle). Oku Kuyinto eqhelekileyo. Ukuze ngokukhawuleza ukuvuka isantya, bombane ezinikwe amafutha isilinda ngakumbi umlinganiselo ofanayo womoya, nto leyo ngokucacileyo eya kukhokelela detonation. Kodwa njengoko imeko kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba ezigudileyo ekuqaleni. Umqhubi uza kuva isandi esasenza. Le meko ayikho eqhelekileyo ukuba iseti kakuhle ngesantya. Kule meko, kufuneka ukuchonga ngokukhawuleza utho- unobangela. Oku kuya kunceda kuhlelwa bububi.

ezibangela imifuziselo ikhalisa "ngeminwe" ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo itheyibhile ephindaphindayo

Ukuba knock i "oobhontsi phezulu" ukuze ziye kwi "Kalina", mhlawumbi ngenxa ukuze DFID. Ukuba akukho isebenza kakuhle, ngoko ke ECU ziya kufumana ulwazi ephosakeleyo, uze unike iqela engalunganga. Esinye isizathu - phosakeleyo baboniswa ucinezelo ixesha. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i indawo apho amafutha alitshise ubuninzi sekumbovu TDC. Oku kukhokelela ubunzima obungakumbi egumbini yokutsha. Ukuba knock i "oobhontsi phezulu 'ukuze lisasazwe ku" Ford zoJoliso ", ngoko isivamvo mhlawumbi eziphosakeleyo blanking detonation. Kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo khangela le nto. Ukuba ngaba luyayeka ukusebenza, kufuneka itshintshwe. amafutha Poor-umgangatho - oku unobangela zonke iingxaki kwenzeka iimoto. Oku sele kuchaziwe iinkcukacha ngasentla. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isandi iminwe - oku akusoloko ingxaki ethe yavela ngethuba usebenzisa imoto. Kukho iimeko xa imoto sele kunye isityalo engahambi kunye boluvo ezidityanisiweyo. Ngenxa yoko, oku kukhokelela detonation ndinkqonkqoza. Le ngxaki kuyingozi ngakumbi kuba injini ebezibaleka-in ndinkqonkqoza ingakumbi kuyingozi kuye. Oku kumele isuswe.

imiphumela

Detonation kunokubangela iziphumo noqhekeko ukuba injini. It burnouts nezinye umonakalo kwemithambo, ukusilela ring piston. Kweli nqanaba, i-injini uvakalelwa imithwalo emikhulu thermal nobomatshini. Pistons ukunyibilika edge ibhulorho phakathi amakhonkco baphuke up. Kwakhona eya connecting iibheringi ngentonga.

Indlela yokuphepha detonation?

Ngaphandle kokukhetha, zonke iimoto mihla zixhotyiswe nge zincwadi Womenzi ekhethekileyo kunye neyunithi, apho usabela kwaye zinqanda le meko etshabalalisayo. Xa kwenzeka le detonation, woluvo inwebu ibhaqa ombane, ixabiso elandelwayo exhomekeke kule rhoqo kunye namandla awo ukuba iliza kwi njengesilinda. Isigqeba esifumana i SIGILL uphawu ukusuka woluvo kwaye itshintsha algorithm kwenkqubo ucinezelo. Ukuba knock i "oobhontsi phezulu" xa nokukhawulezisa ( "Tavria"), izizathu le nto inokuba ipetroli, silungisa isiBeki,-engile ucinezelo. Indlela elula yokuphepha detonation - ukuthintela ucinezelo kwexesha. Unga kwakhona ukunyusa isantya enjinini. Xa ulawulo Kucetyiswa ukunyusa isantya kancinci. Ukuba ufuna isiqalo elibukhali, iingcali Siyaleza untwist-injini ukuqala, uze uqale ihamba. Nciphisa detonation ungakwazi ukuvutha xa Ukukhetha yekhandlela. Kulo mzekelo, sebenmzisa i yintlantsi shushu ngakumbi. Baya alitshise lonke umxube amafutha ngaphandle, azafunyanelwa ndawo, yaye akukho zamayo ngeke.

isiphelo

Detonation usoloko eyenzeka ngequbuliso kwaye babe abanini imoto soyikiso kakhulu. Xa evunyelwe "oobhontsi phezulu", kufuneka usebenzise ezi zincomo, yezizathu ezichazwe iinkcukacha. Ukuba le ngxaki ukuba kusonjululwe ngokwakho, ngoko ke kufuneka ucele uncedo kwi SRT.