Uhlalutyo ezinto igazi. ALT AST: zokucazulula ukusebenza

Alanine, okanye ALT aspartate aminotransferase, okanye AST, ngaba enzayim, leyo ziqulethwe iiseli zomzimba, kwaye bayabandakanyeka acid acid ukutya. Bona ebekwe kuphela kwiiseli izicwili omzimba kunye negazi ufake iiseli kwenzeka kuphela xa le ukubola ukulimala okanye ezimbi.

iintlobo zezifo

Amanqanaba ngokugqithiseleyo ALT kubonisa uphuhliso ezimbi sitho iiseli apho ayisekho lelona nani likhulu. Kukho izizathu bendyebo alanine aminotransferase zesibindi ngezifo. Ubuhlungu kunye neentlungu ikota yesangqa ephezulu ngasekunene, urhudo, amabala icteric ulusu kunye inwebu yangaphakathi, flatulence, belching krakra - ezi iimpawu ukwanda ALT. Xa zokwenza uvavanyo igazi ekukhuleni ALT kunye namanqanaba yibilirubin esinyusiweyo AST ejoyina, apho kukho uphuhliso kwesibindi. Kaninzi ukwanda ALT ibonisa ukuvela nezinye izifo. ALT xi luxhomekeke ngqo kwi iqondo ubungnqongqo sifo.

inkqubo Necrotic e umsipha kwentliziyo egazini kwenza ukukhululwa ezi enzymes. Ukwanda serum yabo uthetha malunga nokuphuhliswa kwezinye kardiopatology: ukungaphumeleli, ukudumba izihlunu zentliziyo. Ngaphezu koko, izizathu ukwanda serum boxinzelelo ALT kunokuba kubakho kwi nasemzimbeni ezo ezinxulumene umonakalo izihlunu kwezihlunu, kunye pancreatitis.

Uhlalutyo ezinto kwegazi ALT AST zinokubonisa isifo isibindi, injeke, intliziyo. Xa kardioinfarkte AST xi kwandisa izihlandlo eziliqela, kwaye ALT - kancinane.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba

Amalungu omzimba womntu ziqulethe izixa ezahlukeneyo enqanda ALT AST, ngoko ukwandisa uyondelelwano lwee- enzayim ethile ibonisa izitshanguba ilungu elithile:

• ALT kakhulu ibekwe esibindini, intliziyo, izintso kunye pancreatic iiseli. Kwimeko yokwaphuka la maqumrhu egazini uyakhululwa eninzi ALT. Ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuba uphethwe kuyimfuneko ukufunda kuyo aminotransferase alanine.

• AST ikakhulu ifumaneka luvo, izihlunu, isibindi nentliziyo iiseli, kunye nobungakanani amancinane kwiiseli zepancreas, wemiphunga kwizintso kwizihlunu. Ngoko ke, lo mzekelo kuxoxwa kwi aminotransferase aspartate.

Uvavanyo igazi ALT AST (okotshiweyo) ibonisa amalungu karhulumente. Ulwando ubungqina babo amalungu umonakalo zomzimba ekukho kuyo le enzymes. Kwaye, oko, kuncitshiswa ubungqina wokuphilisa. A ukunyuka okungephi kwi ALT kwi ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa, ivumelekile, kodwa kufuneka kwakhona asikhangele aminotransferase igazi, ukunqanda umonakalo esibindini.

Zengqo- Uhlalutyo igazi (indicators of ALT, AST) yabelwa xa kardioinfarkt umrhanelwa, bona umqondiso ekuqaleni kwesi sifo amanqam. Ingcaciso AST kwi uhlalutyo zengqo- kwenza kube lula ukufumanisa esweni nezinye utshintsho Dynamics intliziyo izihlunu, izifo zesibindi kunye zezifo musculature striated.

Ukulungiselela yokuqokelela igazi isifundo

Igazi uhlalutyo ngamachiza iyathathwa apho iphuma khona kusasa ungatyanga. Ngelo xesha zohlalutyo kufuneka uye 8:00. kusetyenziso lokugqibela ezityiwayo. 24 ngeyure. ukuba isampuli yegazi aluvumelekanga ukusetyenziswa kotywala eqhotsiweyo kunye nokutya okunamafutha. Kuyanconywa ukunciphisa fiznagruzki. Ngoko nangoko emva kokuba ultrasound X-ray, ukufunda fluorography, colonoscopy okanye igazi physiotherapy ayikhuthazwa ukukhetha localulo, kungenjalo kuya igqwethekile umbhalo ngamachiza ezinto eziphilayo. Kuba kwiiveki 1-2. izifundo kwemichiza kufuneka uyeke ukuthatha amayeza. Xa kunzima ukuhlangabezana nale meko, kwicala gqirha for analysis, iphepha elinomyalezo ulwamkelo iziyobisi kunye balawule zabo. Ngomhla ezinto uhlalutyo igazi (okotshiweyo of ALT, AST) unako zinokuphenjelelwa fiznagruzki enzima, kwakunye ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunye hemolysis ubambe.

Ziqonde uvavanyo lwegazi - ALT, AST: norm

Yintoni iqela le-enzayim kufuneka igcinwe igazi lomntu usempilweni? Ukuzoba chemistry igazi (okotshiweyo ALT, AST), izinga kwabasetyhini - ukusukela iiyunithi 31 ukuya 35 ngelitha igazi nganye. Kubantu besini ngokomelela, eli nani eyahlukileyo kancinci. ALT yesiqhelo egazini labantu (ezinto zokucazulula) - ukususela 41 ukuya 50 U / L. Kwiintsana (ukuya kuma kwinyanga 1.) Ingqinelana ukufunda okuqhelekileyo iiyunithi 75, ukususela nge-2 ukuya kwezili-12. - kungekho ngaphezulu iiyunithi kwama-60, yaye ukususela kunyaka omnye ukuya ku-14 iminyaka - ngaphantsi kwe iiyunithi 45. Uhlalutyo Blood (zokucazulula ALT, AST) kunye isalathiso phezulu ukubonisa ukwenzakala cirrhotic okanye etsolo isibindi nangokurhala, senyongo congestive okanye hemolytic, ezinye izifo zesibindi (kunye neoplasms r. H), angina kukwinqanam axhuzule, etsolo samathambo carditis, myopathy, enyongweni stasis , isifo thromboembolic Embolism yemiphunga nezengekho pancreatitis oyingozi. ALT AST uvavanyo lwegazi (zokucazulula) kunye ukwandisa ezibonisa iqatshelwe ukulimala, utyando senhliziyo okanye angiokardiografii. Ukwandisa izinga AST izihlandlo 20-50 kwezinye iimeko, ubungqina izifo zesibindi, ephelekwa necrosis, ukuminxeka umyalezo wentsholongwane egazini. imigangatho ephakamileyo AST amaxesha 2-5 uyakwazi ukuthetha zizifo hemolysis, kwentlungu kwezihlunu, pancreatitis etsolo ukubola. Xa ngezenzeko sisiba mandundu kwi imisipha dermatomyositis baphawula ukwanda-8 oluphindwe-in ACT.

apaka Rytis

Ukuze ufumane uhlalutyo oluchanileyo iimpendulo ALT igazi AST (zokucazulula) ibonisa transferases izikhombisi ubudlelwane. Le ngokunxulumene ubonisa lomlingani de Ritis olwenziwa kwenye serum sifundo. Ukuba inani ngaphezu norm (N = 1,3), oko kubonisa ubukho kardioinfarkta, nangemini yento ngezantsi izikhombisi ezisemgangathweni - on hepatitis wentsholongwane egazini.

Ekubeni aminotransferases babe izihlunu emzimbeni, uhlalutyo igazi kubonisa zokucazulula AST engabalulekanga ngezifo kunye ALT - isibindi ngezifo, ngamanye phambi kobutyobo yeselula:

• Xa kukho agqithisile ka-2 okanye ngaphezulu, entliziyweni yokufumanisa isifo sentliziyo.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi ALT AST (okotshiweyo) wabonisa excess ebalulekileyo - bubungqina sohlobo ezosulelayo kwithuba elisuke.

• Ngokunciphisa izalathisi aminotransferase - ukungabikho lomzimba ngayo pyridoxine. Kukho kufuneka ukukhulelwa difdiagnostiki.

amacebo

Ngokwesiqhelo, le serum transferase zikhona imithamo ezincinane. Zonke iindlela zokuphucula indlela aminotransferase mandatory baye uphando.

Ukuqala uhlalutyo yesibini zengqo- igazi (okotshiweyo of ALT, AST) kufuneka kuqhutywe. Re-ukuhlola ezinye ngamnye (onikelayo) kwisinye kwisithathu amatyala olubonisa amanqanaba eziqhelekileyo.

Okulandelayo kufuneka uqokelele ngenyameko imbali kuqhuba uviwo olupheleleyo.

Indima Imbali ekuqhubeni le khowudi yasiwa kumbhalo

Imbali edlulileyo luquka ulwazi malunga ulwamkelo amayeza, ukutofelwa igazi, ubukho senyongo okanye ihepatitis syndrome, izifo edluliselwa kwesibindi okanye ubukho inkqubo cirrhotic kuye esiswini intlungu, umhlaza, isifo seswekile, ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo nokuba, icala, ngokukhawuleza umzimba.

izifo zesibindi Family - ukuba ukuxhomekeka etywaleni, isifo Wilson yakhe , kunye nabanye.

Ukuba ALT uvavanyo lwegazi AST (okotshiweyo) wabonisa ngentla amaxabiso eziqhelekileyo kumaxesha ngaphantsi kwesibini, kuyimfuneko ukuba balungelelanise kweliso kunye nokuhlolwa kwedlelo-2. Eli cebo kangangoko kwizigulane.

Uvavanyo igazi ALT AST - okotshiweyo kwezinye izifo

Ukwanda kancinane transferases lipid kubonisa nonalcoholic uhlobo zesibindi kukwenzakala, kuquka "isibindi ezinamanqatha", steatogepatoz nonalcoholic, ihepatitis wentsholongwane egazini kwifomu ezigulo ezondeleyo.

ukwanda Moderate sinokubakho wentsholongwane egazini okanye obunxilisayo ukudumba isibindi nezifo ezahlukeneyo sesibindi okanye ngaphandle umonakalo cirrhotic ngayo.

kumanqanaba angcono ngokuqhelekileyo sohlobo etsolo eziqatha, ityhefu okanye isiyobisi necrosis, ukothuka okanye ischemia hepatic.

Ezingeyomfuneko kumanqanaba aphezulu (mkhulu 2,000-3,000 U / L) ikhona overdosing acetaminophen yaye kusetyenziswa iindlela ngotywala-abaxhomekeke izigulane ukothuka kunye / okanye ischemia hepatic.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe, ekubeni ALT na iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthintela ukuwa yemini yokulungiselela serum ukwenzela uhlalutyo. ALT ukuze lincitshiswe xa igcinwe serum iintsuku eziliqela.

Indima bezixhobo zonyango, imifuno kunye nezinye izinto

Imbali ngenyameko ukungenisa kunye laboratory kokuhlaziya iziphumo zibalulekile ekuchongeni ukunyuka transferases-uqhutyelwe iziyobisi. ukonakala kwesibindi efanayo ibhaqe ngo-1-2% amatyala ukudumba engapheliyo kwifom kwesibindi le. Bona enxulumene ngokuthatha nemithi, antiepileptics, inhibitors of hydroxymethylglutaryl-onx reductase inhibitors, amachiza nonsteroidal anti-ezithintela ukosuleleka kunye imithi ukuba unyango lwesifo sephepha.

Eyona ndlela ilula ukufumanisa ukuxhomekeka songeniselo aminotransferases kunye nantoni - yokuphelisa kuyo, ukuba bagcine inqanaba enzyme. Akukho ukurhoxiswa kuthetha olu lwalamano ayikwazi ukucaciswa.