UHenry Ford: A Biography kunye ibali impumelelo

injineli american, umsunguli, usomashishini uHenry Ford wazalwa ngoJulayi 1863. Waba wekratshi Ushishino lweemoto eUnited States, umseki Ford Motor Company, ngumququzeleli lowo wengcibi yokuluka imveliso kunye nomsonto-swa complex.

Car Genri Forda wadala njenge umsebenzi wobugcisa, akukho nto nesilima, ubuhle ezabiwayo bayo kunye nokusebenza. Yaye - hayi yokudlala zodidi. Le elula, isipho olufikelelekayo owenza avareji usapho Melika Henry Ford. Biography of abaqambi kunye nabayili - umzekelo omhle bonke.

Merit

abaxhasi Legend of the "American Dream", uHenry Ford akazange ceba nokuba imoto okanye yokuthutha njengoko Qiniseka abaninzi belizwe lakhe. I self-ngokwaso buyo kokusungulwa kakhulu ngaphambili ngabanye Intlawulelo ubudala kunye bekwilift kunye nezityalo nokupakisha inyama eChicago liye lasetyenziswa amabhanti okuhambisa.

Famous Henry Ford, ogama engobomi kukuba ekugqibeleni irhweba iinkcukacha ngakumbi kwamnandi ngakumbi, isibakala sokuba wakwazi ukudala msonto emsebenzini. Kwaye ke ishishini izithuthi - nayo ingcinga yakhe, kuthwelwe kuye ebomini. Kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - ulawulo. Ngokwezoqoqosho amashishini nemibutho kufuneka abaphathi, kwaye kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini wanika usomashishini ehlabathini-nomakhi. Lo somashishini intle kwinkulungwane, ngokutsho Fortune!

Bona wayakha imveliso enkulu ekhoyo ngelo xesha, lishishini wokwenene, apho Ford lokuqala billion yakhe (ngoku imali "na" ezingamashumi amathandathu billion). Imigaqo yolawulo bayo kusenokwenzeka babe negalelo elikhulu yonke uyakuthi US yoluntu. Ford wakwazi ukuba athengise elinesihlanu kunye nesiqingatha sesigidi "Ford T", kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuba imveliso kwi-line yokuthutha iye sakuqhela ibhayisikile esitratweni.

Umchasi kunye uMdali Management

Ukuba kwakungekho ngowelinye iqela siseko kulawulo uHenry Ford, kwincwadi engobomi bakhe babengayi kwakhona isihloko usomashishini kakhulu. Waba imigaqo bakhe: umsebenzi uhlawula kabini kangangoko nabanye abaqeshi, bethengisa iimoto ngamaxabiso ezinkulu isaphulelo. Ngaloo ndlela ke udale iklasi, solo obizwa ngokuba "blue-collar". Akazange ukuvusa imfuno iimveliso zabo. Ayikho! Wadala iimeko isidingo esinjalo.

Oku ngenene akazange kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo okhoyo mveliso idibana. theory Management wadalelwa yaye zakhiwe kwi imbalelwano kwimpikiswano kunye nkolelo Ford abo bangakwazanga kuphumelela automaker amanene de wabonakala Manager wayesenza Motors Jikelele, leyo ngamavithi Genri Forda kwimpikiswano lwangaphakathi. Ngoko yimpumelelo Ford, ogama biography ufanelwe lusiba Hollywood movie script umbhali, ngokuba ngusomashishini, ilalhekile ngo-1927.

Xa imveliso kubalulekile

Ngeli xesha, uHenry akabanga saba nako ukutshintsha iinkolelo zabo. Enyanisweni "zazvezdilsya", oko kukuthi, wayeqinisekile ngokupheleleyo nokulunga kwabo. Kodwa kufika amaxesha ezintsha, wenguqu, leyo yena akekho. ngoku kufuneka yolawulo lwemveliso nempumelelo, kunye uphawu entsha yolawulo, yaye eli xesha ayikwazanga ukuqonda Henry Ford. Ucaphula naye ngale emangalisayo "Gymnastics - bububhanxa abaphile ngayo abantu ukuba ngabantu luyalambatha abagulayo - ke contraindicated .." Sengqondo esifanayo yena kunye nolawulo.

Ford wayeqinisekile ukuba xa imveliso ulungile, ngokuqinisekileyo ndizizisele ingeniso, kwaye ukuba kubi, ngoko inkokheli kakhulu imimangaliso akumenzi iziphumo. Ford ulidele ubugcisa zokulawula, kuphathwe ezivenkileni, kuphononongo wakhangela manqaphanqapha, amaxwebhu zemali kwabonakala kuye ndibe nesicaphucaphu, awamthiya kubananisi wavuma imali kuphela. Bezimali, baba naye eminqamlezweni izihange, beyifuna, izitshabalalisi kunye abaphangi, kunye nabo banezabelo - gazi. Abanamakhono ngoko kuchaphulo olu Henry Ford wafefa ngalo mbandela! Kunjalo ulawulo nombulelo isebenzisa umzekelo yokuphulukana intuition kwishishini nje. Ngenye indlela, ukuba akufanelekanga, umthengi wayethembekile kakhulu.

imveliso ethembekile

Genri Forda ibabaza kwisifundo ezifanelekileyo onke amaxesha: "Umsebenzi Kuphela kudala ixabiso!" - I ze ndidiniwe ephindaphinda. Kwaye ngoko ke. Imveliso Mass kwisityalo akazange aqale kude imodeli sele bengekafiki efanelekileyo, jikelele ngokupheleleyo, kwi Ford bakholelwa ukuba urhulumente. kulungiswe Further mjikelo imveliso, kwaye isithuthi lufakwa kwi emfuleni. Abaphathi bakhangela isizukulwana iyonke, Ford ukhangela ukuba amasebe babesebenza kunye ngazwinye, uze inzuzo ngokwayo aqukuqela ngokukhululekileyo ukuya lweshishini.

Yonke le mibuzo ibalulekileyo intloko nkampani ukuba isigqibo. Theory Genri Forda ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ixabiso qhinga kwimakethi "amaxabiso umthondo". Minyaka umthamo ukunyuka zemveliso, iindleko kuyehla ngokusisigxina, ukuwa ixabiso imoto rhoqo - ngaloo ndlela kudala ukukhula ingeniso ezinzileyo, njengoko imfuno ukunyuka. Inzuzo ngokuyimfuneko wabuyela kwimveliso. Nangona imigaqo Genri Forda wayesebenzela impumelelo zorhwebo, waba entrepreneur-individualist - zabelo ezingahlawulwanga konke konke.

neenqobo ezisemgangathweni ezingundoqo

Nantsi ke, iphupha American: ukuba azalwe, ezifana uHenry Ford, kwintsapho nziswa, ukuze ube sisityebi aze adume. Bakhaya usenokulibala ngubani umongameli labo namhlanje, kodwa imoto Genri Forda uya kukhunjulwa kusoloko. Ford waba ingcamango eyodwa ubomi bakhe bonke, bahlulwa ngokupheleleyo, wanyamezela ukugculelwa ngokubanzi, owalwa kunye ngamayelenqe ephucukileyo. Kodwa abe ukufezekisile zabo: ukudala imoto waza wenza ezigidi.

Umfazi Genri Forda - uClara - wayengomnye ebomini. Yena bathembela kuye ngokupheleleyo, ebelixhasa ezinzima ngentliziyo. It wake wabuzwa ukuba uza kuphila ubomi bakhe, ukuba uthe wanikwa ithuba lesibini. Iingxelo Genri Forda basoloko bafanelwe Ngokukhumbula: "Mna uyavuma, kodwa komqathango omnye: ndiza ukutshata kwakhona kwi uClara."

ekuqaleni

Enyanisweni, ubomi uHenry waqalisa akulula kangako. Wazalwa kwifama Michigan, apho ukususela kwiminyaka yokuqala kwafuneka asebenze ukuze incede uyise yakhe endle. Ebekade ngokwenene lo msebenzi. Oku watsala iindlela kuphela. Yaye into awayibonayo eneminyaka elishumi umphunga Locomobile wanyikima umphefumlo waloo nkwenkwe kanye ezantsi. Ngoko ke waqalisa imbali Genri Forda.

Yonke imihla de kube ngorhatya, uHenry ubunzima kunye nokwakhiwa indlela siqhubela. Wayeka ukuba abe inkwenkwana eqhelekileyo: nepokotho ezipheleleyo weminoti, endaweni zokudlala - izixhobo. Abazali thaca kuqala clock ebomini bakhe, wazenza ngokuphuma loo mini kwaye sele iqokelelwe. kweminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu uyazulazula kwiifama ezikufutshane bahlaziye zonke naziphi na iindlela, kwaye isikolo, ngoko akazange isidanga. iingxelo kamva Genri Forda kule nkalo awuyitshintshanga ideologically. Wathi ukuba iincwadi musa ukufundisa nantoni na, yaye kuba oomatshini ngumgaqo eyona ibaluleke ngakumbi kuzo ke, njengokuba umbhali weencwadi, unokufumana zonke iingcinga ukwazi ukuzisebenzisa.

iinjini umphunga

Henry wayengazi lonke: ezingcanjini ukufuya waqhekeza ngokupheleleyo, wasebenza evenkileni kumatshini, yaye ebusuku kwakulungiswa iwotshi, imigudu le othengisa. Ekubeni wayesele wabonakala ingcinga, okuphela buyo self-ngokwaso Waqhuba yonke amaphupha akhe, kwi elinamithandathu wajoyina i "Westinghouse" indibano lobungcaphephe kunye nokulungiswa iinjini umphunga. Ezi yemoto izilwanyana multi-ton ukwenza iikhilomitha ezili-12 ngeyure kwaye amaxesha amaninzi asetyenziswa itrektara nganye. locomobiles iindlela bekunjalo ukuba asizizo zonke Umlimi athenge imoto enjalo.

Le nkampani yokuqala Genri Forda, nangona wayengekho umntwana wakhe, wamnika ithuba lokuba bakhule kulo msebenzi, ukuba izimvo ze uzame ukuphumeza kuzo. Lilinge lokuqala ukudala iinqwelo umphunga ukukhanya ukulinywa. Henry ekhumbula uyise, ngento emehleleyo iphupha uyise unyana-iqabane enyulu, yaye isazela sakhe, Kakade ke, unexhala. nto wayefuna ukuba akhulule umlinganiselo kakhulu abalimi ukuba bayeke ukuba umsebenzi omkhulu emagxeni kayise ehashini lentsimbi.

Injini ye design entsha

Itrektara - hayi imveliso abaninzi. Abantu bafuna emotweni, nto leyo ukuhamba kwiindlela, kunokuba isixhobo umsebenzi entsimini. Noko ke, truck, ndawonye ngu Henry, kwakuyingozi: kulula ngakumbi ukuba ahlale phezu ezabo ngaphezu kwibhoyila phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ford Young wafunda boilers zonke yoyilo yaye ndaqonda ukuba ukuze ikamva ukuba abasebenzi lula ukuba injini ukuze ezimbalwa akunakwenzeka. Emva kokuva injini esisi, Ford wazaliswa nethemba elitsha.

abantu Smart wamphulaphula ngomdla, kodwa impumelelo Genri Forda kulo mzekelo, ngokupheleleyo ukuholwa. Uye sahlangana umhlobo olunye ngabantu abafundileyo waqonda ukuba injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi ikamva loluntu. Ukususela mzuzu zonke iingcebiso "clever" uyazicekisa. Le injini Genri Ford yenzelwe ngo-1887. Kuba oku kwakufuneka ibattery injini igesi Filippa Lebona yaye siyaqonda ukuba akukho nto, ngoko ubuyele ifama ukuba kunjani apho.

Zenjneli mishini

UYise ukubuya happy unyana wakhe, wamnika yinxalenye ehlathini, ukuze ukuba yaphela kuphela ukuba zikhiwe iziqwenga yentsimbi. UHenry Ford, kancinane ngobuqili, wavuma, wakha, yokusebenzela indlu mveliso owenza amaplanga, waza watshata Clara. Kakade ke, lonke ixesha free elichithwa kwi workshop, funda iincwadi ukukhanda, niyenzelwe.

Njengoko yedwa efama kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba ukuhamba, wafudukela Detroit, apho yena wanikela iholo $ 45 ukuya kwinkampani yombane. Clara ebesoloko inkxaso indoda yakhe yonke nomsebenzi wakhe.

Xa oogxa ezintsha malunga novelwano yabo okubuhlungu akazange akwazi ukufumana ngokuba Qiniseka ukuba yonke into umbane malunga nekamva le-langa, kwaye apha ngokwam, "uyise umbane" UThomas Edison wayenomdla, asabela ngokuqonda kwaye enqwenela kum luck. Henry Ford ngeyona bavuya kakhulu.

Okokuqala ngumqhubi of America

Xa ngo-1893 Henry Ford ezityikitywe phezu naseDetroit yakhe imoto yokuqala kunye injini yokutsha, koko wathi Bikes esinamavili, ihashe zibuye, abadlulayo-by baba tarahtenie bamangaliswa elikhulu, ababehlangene ngeenxa zonke, imibuzo. Kodwa kwakungekho imithetho yendlela, ngoko kwafuneka ukufumana imvume evela emapoliseni. Ngoko ke waba lwe yokuqala evunyiweyo ngokusemthethweni Melika.

Ndikhwele iminyaka emithathu, uHenry wathengisa umntwana wokuqala ezimakhulu mabini dollar bawafaka ezizibeni ekudalweni imodeli entsha imoto okulula. Yena ke ngandlel 'wacinga ukuba izithuthi enzima akufuneki. Owu, ukuba uye wajonga indalo le nkampani - Ford uhambo, ngoko nje mna batshintsha ingqondo yam. Noko ke, ukuba ayekholelwa ukuba imveliso ubunzima kukukhanya kwaye ifikeleleka.

Ngelo xesha, inkampani yombane wenza injineli wayo wokuqala, elihlawula i $ 125 ngenyanga, kodwa amalinge izithuthi uvuse ubhavumo lobunkokheli. Bakholelwa kuphela umbane. Irhasi - akukho. Company predloozhila Henry Ford esiphezulu, kodwa ke kuphela ukuba ayeke le mbudede kwaye iya inxaxheba kwimeko langoku. Ford wacinga, banyula iphupha lakhe.

imoto racing

Ngokukhawuleza ndafumana abahlobo abaye imali kwi ntsha Detroit Automobile Inkampani ekuveliseni iimoto mdlalo. Ingcamango yemveliso mass uHenry Ford ongakwaziyo ukuyikhusela. Amaqabane kufuneka imali, nezinye izicelo ze imoto nje Andikubonanga. Nangona kunjalo, imali enkulu akukho ishishini omnye watsho phantsi. Ngowe-1902 wayishiya le nkampani, ungaze kweyela imo ukuxhomekeka. "Zonke yi ngokwam!" - Henry Ford wathi yena. Impumelelo aba endleleni.

Udayalo ongazange emotweni-ukuzithemba Ford, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ingqalelo zoluntu umdla kuphela uloyiso, waphupha ukulungisa iimoto ezimbini, yenzelwe ngesantya esiphezulu. "Kule siqinisekiso ongathembekanga ayikwazi kunikwa - Wathi kuye, - Kunokwenzeka ukuba kuwa eyayiseNiagara Falls kunye ipesenti enkulu luck."

Kodwa imishini ilungele ugqatso. Kwakukho kuphela lwe. Ngenxa mpepho engacimekiyo ekuvunyelwene umkhweli webhayisikile intsapho Oldfield, obefuna kube mnandi. Kodwa akazange wahlala ngasemva ivili le imoto. Yaba kwiveki phambi ugqatso. Umkhweli webhayisikile akazange ukudanisa. Ngaphezu koko, akazange wabhekabheka, akazange sijonga emva kwaye musa ukuzibambezela phantsi Akubuya: njengoko "vtopil" sihla ukuya metal ekuqaleni, yaye akazange ukunciphisa isantya ukuya kufika entanjeni. imoto Ford wafika kuqala. Abatyali ezinomdla, malunga neveki emva inkampani yasekwa, inzala ephambili Ford - Ford Motor.

Iinqwelo wonke

inkampani Own Genri Ford walungelelanisa sicwangciso sele eyakhe. Okona kuphambili yaba imveliso ethembakeleyo, kulula ukuba ukusebenza, cheap, kulula, ubunzima. Ford wayengafuni ukusebenza ngenxa isityebi, kodwa wayefuna ukuba wonke amanye onwabe. Akukho ubuncwane, uhombiso kakhulu ezilula esebenza. Kwaye ke ekukhuliseni lophawu, kakhulu, akazange akunamsebenzi. Nkqu amagama ezintle iimodeli bakhe babengekho, ngamnye omtsha wabiza unobumba olandelayo we-alfabhethi.

Ford wagcina umgaqo-mali ezintathu ezingundoqo: musa ukuthatha capital abanye abantu, yonke zingathengwa kuphela kunye nemali, yaye yonke inzuzo ngokuyimfuneko waya imveliso. Nezahlulo sithembele kuphela kwabo ababandakanyekayo ekudaleni imveliso. Zonke iingcinga, yonke imigudu wayalela Ford ukudala imoto iphela. Kuye singangumzekelo leta "T". Previous wayethengisa kakuhle kakhulu, kodwa ke, xa kuthelekiswa "T", babebonakala nje zovavanyo. zentengiso Ngoku eliphelele ithi: "mntwana ngamnye uya kuba nako ukulawula" Ford "!

isidalwa ephelele

Ngowe-1909, uHenry Ford wavakalisa ukuba ngoku uza kuvelisa imodeli kuphela "T" kunye kwisisu semoto efanayo. Futhi, njengesiqhelo, wenza wit saziso: - "Umntu ngamnye unako ukuthenga i" Ford-T "ngokupheleleyo nayiphi na umbala, kodwa phantsi kwelungiselelo elithi naziphina umbala ibe mnyama."

Ukuze siqonde isikali isiganeko sele uqalile intloko inkampani, baqala onokholo epheleleyo impumelelo, kubalulekile ukucinga ukuba umntu kumisa inkampani ukunika ngamnye wethu moya cheap yaye bekhululekile. Eli ngexesha yayinokuthanani yokuthenga imoto.

kwafuneka ukuba kakhulu enkulu ukuba kakuhle nako ukufumana yonke intsapho imoto. Genri Forda kwakhona bakhathazeka ukhetho izinto, ekufuneka ibe phambili. Idizayini kufuneka ibe lula kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwi segodyanshney ubuchule - wathi. A abasebenzi lokuqala-class awayekunye naye njalo.

Ford wathi ixabiso imoto ezantsi ukuze nawuphi na umntu osebenza baya kukwazi ukuthenga kuyo. Apha, kanye la mazwi kuye, abaninzi baye bayeka ukukholelwa. iinkonkxa Factory! - wakhwaza abachasi bakhe. A umfuziselo "T" ngokuthi "tin Lizzie." Kubonakala, yintoni umahluko, yintoni inja barking. Akukhathaliseki - ngelikhulu iya. Kodwa ukuze athengise lukhulu, amaxabiso aphantsi akuyi kunceda. Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa umgangatho.

ukunakekelwa Customer

Xa ingcambu ye Ushishino lweemoto, intengiso imoto i utyando elungileyo - kuphela. Wathengisa - ebilahlekile. Bayahlelwa ngakumbi imoto akukho namnye waba nomdla. Xa amalungu ukulungisa zibiza prohibitively eninzi, kuba umnini ndawo ukuya - kuthenga ebukeka. Ford wathengisa iinxalenye Kutshiphu kakhulu kwaye ukuthatha unonophelo ukulungiswa zimoto mveliso.

Okhuphisana yitile. Waqala ubuqili, ukuhleba, nkqu iinkundla patents. Ford akazange athandabuze kupapashwa kumaphephandaba wonke umthengi moto inokufunwa Ford Motor omanyanisayo yezigidi ezilishumi zeerandi baqinisekiswa imali kwimeko iingozi ezingemnandi. Wambuza ukuba bathenge iimoto umgangatho elidume libya kwinkampani aphezulu amaxabiso iintshaba Ford Motor. Kwaye kwasebenza! Ngowe-1927, yamasango mveliso ekhohlo elinesihlanu imoto ezizigidi "Ford T", nto leyo engazange kwatshintsha Ndandineminyaka eyishumi elinethoba. Indlela akazange atshintshe imigaqo bakhe kunye Henry Ford. Biography kuye lo alikapheli. De kwasekufeni kwakhe ngowe-1947, waba iqashiso: ukwenza iimoto kakuhle, bhala iincwadi ezimbalwa umdla yaye ndiyaqonda iphupha American.

Xa kubonakala ukuba ihlabathi liphela ngani, khumbula ukuba lo moya ibhabhe nxamnye nomoya! Wathi ke Henry Ford. Ubomi bakhe bonke balandela lo mthetho.