Selenga River: ukufunda imijelo yoMnayile Russia and Mongolia

Bambalwa abantu bazi into malunga Selenga emlanjeni, zawo indawo, lo enezityalo nezilwanyana. Kodwa ke, yenye imijelo yamanzi ezinkulu ezikhuthaza Lake zamanzi.

Selenga River (iifoto ingakhangelwa kwinqaku) ithatha indawo emazweni eSiberia, ingakumbi, e Buryatia, inxalenye ephambili yale ubuhle ise Mongolia. Kungenxa kule meko kuyo kuphuma. Kodwa Russia kwamanzi aphuma echibini Afrika.Eli zamanzi. Ngenxa kule ndawo, burbot umlambo kumiwa. amanzi ayo ezinzima niwe olu hlobo yeentlanzi.

Imvelaphi yegama

Ngokutsho izazinzulu, uMlambo Selenga sele ekho iminyaka 500,000. ulwazi olusemthethweni apho umcimbi igama elihle kunjalo, akukho. Kukho ukuqashisela kuphela malunga kunokwenzeka imvelaphi hydronym. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi meko zimbini kakhulu iyavakala:

• Igama imfundo evela ilizwi abantu Buryat - "Sal", nto leyo iguqulelwe ngeendlela Russian "ichibi";
• Tunguska imvelaphi kwi uguqulelo Sele elithi - yentsimbi.

ingcaciso emfutshane

Imvelaphi Selenga zikufutshane Ider (esikhukulayo ogqobhozela kwi kummandla Mongolia). Umlambo elide kakhulu, ubude bayo imalunga 1024 km, ngoxa kummandla Russian Federation yabamba inxalenye yayo ezincinane (409 km). Kuye kwasekwa yi ngokudibana imisinga ezimbini yamanzi - Ider kunye Delgermörön.

Kuzo zonke amanzi angangeni Ichibi izimvu, uMlambo Selenga uthathwa ngokunzulu. Izazinzulu bathi ukuba ukuba becala unoxanduva ukucoceka umzimba ngamanzi. Ukuba sithathe ingqalelo ukungaphumeleli matheku zombini inokubhabha Cherkalovo ukuba emacaleni ogudle, ububanzi lomlambo kwezinye iindawo ukuya ayi-60.

Enamandla ehlokomayo stream Selenga ekunene kufuphi Lake izimvu kunciphisa "intloko" yayo kwaye aqukuqela kwimithombo emininzi, peremoev, Brooks.

iimpawu umfula

River Selenga kakhulu ngokukhawuleza, na ukumila tyaba, hlale linciphise ukuya 1-2 km. Kwezi ndawo, yahlulelwe kwii lamajelo, apho akhiwa ziqithi. Selenga Delta na indawo yamanzi, iingcongolo yene kunye nezityalo emanzini-befuna ngeenxa zonke. Phezu komlambo kukho iziqithi ixhaphakile ngamathuba athile.

Xa Selenga izilwanyana abazizityebi. Ngenxa ezahlukeneyo nezityalo, apho kufunyenwe inani elikhulu amadada, izinambuzane kunye emanzini. Kwakhona, amanzi emlanjeni ebalasele eninzi yeentlanzi. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi neentlobo ezinqabileyo - IDE, burbot, zeCARP, Roach yaseSiberia, izimvu whitefish, trout. Ukuloba apha kwabaxhamla ubomi, ngathi kokuloba intlanzi ezisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo.

Xa intlanganisela Lake izimvu, enkulu ngokwaneleyo nkanyamba. Selenga - zizityebi komlambo, nto leyo zisisiqingatha sawo onke amanzi echibini. Entlakohlaza kukho umkhukula, esemlanjeni iimvula ehlotyeni ekwindla kwakhona. Selenga ebusika, ngokuqhelekileyo nzulu.

Omlambo lomlambo zezi: Jida, Temnik, Orongo, Orkhon, Chika, Itantsa. Umlambo wamanzi yahlulwe amasebe, kanjalo bakha omanzi, nto leyo intle ezolimo.

isicelo industrial

Elunxwemeni Sør Cherkalovo zokuhlala - Istomin, Istok; Ukungaphumeleli Bay - Doolan, Oymur. Xa ogudle umlambo kuphela nje izindlu ezimbalwa, ziphantsi ababambisi beentlanzi, abazingeli.

Selenga River ezigudle unxweme omiweyo abambalwa kakhulu. Labantu bendawo engaganwanga kwezolimo, kuba ukunqongophala nokoyika umhlaba ochumileyo. imisebenzi yezoqoqosho aphuhliswe kuphela kufutshane matheku. labantu encinci intsimi ngenxa yokuba emva kwenyikima, owenzeka kwinkulungwane XIX, emathafeni yawa ngamandla, waba inqanaba elisezantsi kakhulu Lake izimvu, waza kwana. Ngoko ke, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba baphile apha.

Kunxweme ezintle kukho izixeko ezifana Sukhbaatar (Mongolia), Ulan-Ude, ilali Kabansk (intsimi Russian).

anika umdla

Selenga River kunye isixeko yayo ise ogudle, ziqukwe kuluhlu iziganeko ezizodwa zendalo, uze ufake nebala security of Lake zamanzi. Eli candelo ilawula umbutho UNESCO.

De kube sekupheleni zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, umlambo mpahla, yokudibanisa Lake izimvu kunye nesixeko Sukhbaatar. Kule 30 bacela ukuba kwakhiwe isikhululo samandla ngamanzi, ngezantsi nje isixeko Ulan-Ude. Noko ke, umsebenzi wokwakha akazange athabathe indawo, kuba kwagqitywa ukuba akulungile. Safika kwesi sigqibo ngenxa yokunqongophala inani elifunekayo abathengi abahlala kule ndawo. Kwaye njengoko isikhululo kwakufuneka ukuvelela kakhulu, kodwa bagqiba ekubeni bayeke ingcamango.

Eku sunguleni, imikhumbi iye yaphuhliswa apha. iinqanawa eyakhiwe wehla waya Lake zamanzi. Ukuba kuthe kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukulungisa emsebenzini, baye yaphakanyiswa misele kunawo.