Science and Culture Ibhotwe e Warsaw: kwimbali, photo, ncomo

Ngokukhangela ngapha amakhadi, iincwadana kunye nezinye njengezikhumbuzo, yayithengwe ePoland, sinako ukubona ukuba yonke kukho umfanekiso lwesakhiwo elikhulu zokufuna phezulu spire wasezulwini. Oku grand eziphakamileyo phakathi izakhiwo ezilishumi ezinde kuzo zonke European Union. Science and Culture Ibhotwe e Warsaw yakhiwa ngo-1955 kwaye namhlanje okuluphawu hayi nje dolophu kodwa lonke elo lizwe.

ESoviet Union, isipho abantu abanobubele Polish

Ingcamango yokwakha izakhiwo ezinemigangatho kumbindi Warsaw ibaluleke yezepolitiki weza ngokobuqu I. V. Stalina. Ekuqaleni bekucingelwa ukuba Palace of Science and Culture uya kwakhiwa iimitha 120 ukuphakama. Le projekthi yavunywa yi ngurhulumente Polish, kodwa ke xa ukunyanzelisa womzobi Soviet Lva Rudneva kunye noogxa bakhe Dzhozefa Sigalina Warsaw kwagqitywa ukunyusa ubungakanani besakhiwo phantse isiqingatha. Ngenxa yoko, inzululwazi kunye nenkcubeko Palace wakhula kubude imigangatho-42, nto leyo kunye spire yayiziimitha 237.

Ekubeni sakhiwo isipho ePoland ukusuka eSoviet Union, ngemali le projekthi, kwakunye nomsebenzi wokwakha, ithathe icala eSoviet. Xa iyonke, iziza zokwakha Ukususela ngowe-1952, abantu 3.200 ababandakanyeka. Emva kokufa kukaStalin, ngokuthi isigqibo seBhunga of State kwaye iBhunga labaPhathiswa of the People Polish Republic Ibhotwe of Science and neNkcubeko wafumana igama inkokeli eSoviet kaThixo. Ingqalelo isindululo ukuseka isikwere ilitye ukuya Stalin, waze wamemezela ukhuphiswano ukuze mzobo intle lesikhumbuzo. Kodwa ke ingcamango wagqiba ukunikela up.

Iindibaniso ngokoqobo lwentlalo kunye nembali

Amalungiselelo ukwakhiwa izakhiwo ezinemigangatho yaqala ngo-1951. bezakhiwo Soviet elikhokelwa Lvom Rudnevym weza ePoland neqela loogxa basekuhlaleni watyelela ezininzi izixeko Polish kunye needolophana ukuba bahlole ngeendlela izakhiwo zembali kweli lizwe. Ngenxa yoko, i-project yathatyathwa eyakhiwa Moscow State University. Lomonosov, kodwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo specificities endawo. Kwagqitywa ukuba Palace of Science and Culture kufuneka ibe 'yali kwikhontenti kodwa kazwelonke ifomu. "

Isakhiwo yakhiwa kwindawo apho kanye ezixineneyo zidlakadlaka zihlala khona kooronta. Magnificent Palace waba uphawu sexesha elitsha, yinto eyodwa zokwakha mihla, eyenzelwe ukususa ikomkhulu iifom kuma izakhiwo. On the imigangatho ephezulu zinika iimbono omangalisayo ngobungqola kutshintshile kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo umzi. Ukumila isakhiwo igxininisa ubuhle engqonge iindawo ezindala ukuba izakhiwo kwigumbi eziphakamileyo, iipaki eluhlaza kunye amabala emidlalo. Science and Culture Palace uya kuba luphawu yali Poland. Malunga imixholo ncwadi kumaphephandaba asekuhlaleni zaye lixesha yokuvulwa kwezibonelelo ngo-1955.

"Sondo" Polish zizibakala kunye nezibalo

Science and Culture Ibhotwe e Warsaw, idilesi eye kungabi zatshintsha kule minyaka mithandathu idlulileyo, into kwindawo yembutho umbukiso, d. 1. Le yeyona nto iphezulu, hayi kuphela elikomkhulu kodwa yonke Poland. Esi sakhiwo kade imigangatho 42 ummandla bebonke 817 lamawaka. ^M2. yokwakha izakhiwo idibanisa iimpawu ngokoqobo zentlalo, Deco art kunye historicism Polish.

Kumgangatho 30 i kumgangatho akubonayo, nelinika siqonde Warsaw. Ukususela 1956 kule sayithi, zibekwe endaweni leemitha 100, inani abazibulalayo endaphathiswa, waza wamisela kocingo olwenziwe ngemethali okanye apha ngokohlobo gratings zokuzikhusela.

Ngowe-1989, emva kokuba Ukupholisa ubudlelwane phakathi eSoviet Union kunye Poland ukusuka kwiholo Central, ususe ukukrola personifying ubuhlobo phakathi kwezizwe. Kwi-90 kwakukho iminxeba zezinye iinkokheli zopolitiko Poland ukuba kudilizwe le ofisi isakhiwo luphawu "kobunganga Soviet phezu belizwe elikhululekileyo."

Ngo-2000, emva kodonga kumgangatho ophezulu baye kumisa ikloko yokucofa enkulu, benza Ibhotwe enyangweni ngexesha le wotshi inqaba ehlabathini.

Ngo-2007, isakhiwo idweliswe kwi-National kwiRejista ezikhumbuzo yokwakha ePoland.

Isakhiwo kunye nenjongo yokwakha

Namhlanje, i Palace of Science and Culture e Warsaw, iifoto apho unako ukubona kule ncwadi, iqhutywa yi kwiholo esixekweni. iinkampani namaziko ahlukeneyo wabeka isakhiwo, kuquka i-Polish Academy of Sciences.

Le ngaphakathi omkhulu ebhotwe eziqulathe eziliqela iziza ezintle, iimyuziyam, leyo izithengisayo, ii-ofisi kunye namaziko oshishino. It unika abahlali kunye ziindwendwe eziyinkunzi cinema zokusebenza, ithala leencwadi, iindawo zokuqubha,-ofisi yeposi.

Kukho kwakhona holo yekonsathi ngenxa 550 ababukeli kunye iholo kwinkongolo nezihlalo ukuya ku 2880. Qho ngonyaka ezindongeni Ibhotwe leenkomfa, iintlanganiso, imiboniso, iiforam kunye neminyhadala, kokubini kwinqanaba likazwelonke kunye ngamazwe.

Iimbambano malunga nokwenzeka kubukho izakhiwo

Nangona into yokuba Palace of Science and Culture kukade icangcisiwe njengophawu ePoland, kwaye ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi luncedo, ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha kuthe kwabambana kwizangqa kwezopolitiko malunga isakhiwo ethical isizathu esibangela phambi leSoviet kumhlaba Polish. Imibono zezifundo yahlulwe kakhulu, umntu okholelwa ukuba namhla akukho ukubaluleka Palace kwezopolitiko engenako, abanye kugxininisa ukudilizwa kwesakhiwo, abanye banikele ukuba ibe imyuziyam.

Kuyathenjwa ukuba ingqiqo uza koyisa kwaye wrangles ezopolitiko abe ngunobangela ngokutshatyalaliswa lesikhumbuzo zobungangamela izakhiwo, nto leyo ke House of Science and Culture e Warsaw. Izimvo zabantu abaqhelekileyo abaye batyelela esi sakhiwo, zange ukubamba imiba eceleni. Kwaye ke bendawo, kunye nabakhenkethi ezininzi ubuka isakhiwo enkulu, uzinzo kunye nesimbo unique bokwakha.

Ngebhayisekili kummandla komkhulu

Iindwendwe kwengqukuva Polish ikakhulu ezitsalwa kulwakhiwo ngokwawo, kunye namaqonga ukubukela apho ungabona wonke umzi nangaliphi na ixesha lemini. A uhamba imizuzu embalwa kwisikwere le lokuzihlaziya nokuzonwabisa.

Kufuphi liziko evenkileni "masimu Golden" - shopping mall likhulu Warsaw. Kufutshane kukho hotele. Ukususela iifestile amagumbi ezininzi ukhululekile elibheke izibane abengezelayo ye inqaba ende Palace of Science and Culture.