Schizophrenia Childhood: iimpawu kunye nonyango

Isifo sengqondo kunzima kusoloko ukuphendula kunyango kwaye emfihlakalweni, ukuze izazinzulu. Nangona inkqubela ezininzi amayeza, esi sifo kuseyinto ukuba nobucukubhede izifo ayikwazi ingahlolwa ngokupheleleyo. Iimpawu zokugula ngengqondo zisenokuvela nanini na ubudala. Ngokufuthi, ke kwafunyaniswa ukuba abantwana, ulutsha kunye nabantu abadala. Enye izifo ixhaphakileyo nazo xa befundisa zengqondo, kukholelwa schizophrenia.

Ngelishwa, nangona isifundo elide kwesi sifo, kusenjalo nanamhlanje Awekho ingcaciso. Hayi ifomu abantwana ezinqabileyo ngayo ngesifo sengqondo. Ukuze ukulawula esi sifo, ubuncinane ngokuyinxenye, kubalulekile ukuba besiya kuba ngexesha yaye kubekwe esweni kwengqondo yobomi.

Ekuqaqambeni kubantwana: a inkcazelo ngezifo

schizophrenia ubuntwana ingqalelo ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo rhoqo. Kwi-avareji, kuchaphazela malunga ne-1% ye-izigulane abaselula. Le yezinga eliphezulu kunxulumene into yokuba uxilongo lwesifo phambi kuphuhliso umfanekiso yinto engenakwenzeka. Kwakhona, umntu akakwazi ithathe indawo okuvela ngesifo Esibelekweni, ingakumbi - kungekho imbali ebuhlungu yile ngezifo. Abanye kwexesha eyadlulayo, uxilongo yenziwa phantse na ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, imeko yangoku umntwana. Okwangoku, kukho imiqathango ecacileyo ukuba kwesi sifo. schizophrenia Childhood ibhekisa ezimbi yengqondo kakhulu ophawulwa ikhosi okungapheliyo kunye phambili. Ukuxhaphaka iimpawu zesifo: .. Ukuqhuba disorder kunye neengcinga, utshintsho ngasemva ngokweemvakalelo, hallucinatory syndrome, catatonia, iimfeketho zokufeketha, njl zesifo sengqondo ubuntwana zinokuba nomahluko. Okokuqala konke oko kuxhomekeke uhlobo ngezifo.

Izizathu ngesifo ebantwaneni

umsebenzi omninzi uphando iye yenziwa, injongo leyo ukuze ufumanise ukuba kutheni kukho schizophrenia. uhlobo eyoonyana sifo azahlukanga kuyaphi ukusuka uhlobo abadala yesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, oku sele ALS ihlwempu ngenxa kuphuhliso ekuqaleni. Phezu kwazo nje imisebenzi izazinzulu, akuzange kube lula ukubona ukuba ubulawe esi sifo. Noko ke, yengqondo alatha inani lemiba ukuba kwandisa umngcipheko ngesifo ebantwaneni. Ezi ziquka:

1. imbali Family kwesi sifo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubume iziguli abantu ndinesifo sengqondo. Umngcipheko sifo ukunyuka nasisihlo kungekuphela nje phambi sifo kubazali babo, kodwa phakathi namanye amalungu entsapho. Batyhilelwa ukuba isakhi eyodwa noxanduva lokuphuhlisa ngesifo sengqondo.
2. iziphumo ezibi umbungu kwisithuba Yabelana amalungu. Zimeko yonakalisa ziquka imithi, iziyobisi, utywala, imitha ionizing, imichiza. Ingakumbi esiyingozi ezi neziphumo kweli ezintathu yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Enyanisweni, kule mzuzu kukho ibhukmaki e-nervous system.
3. ukukhulelwa emva kwexesha. Ekhulelwe umntwana eneminyaka engama-35 kwandisa umngcipheko ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwi olungekazalwa.
4. izifo ezingapheliyo abafazi abakhulelweyo.
5. Hlala kwindawo noxinzelelo. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ukuxinezeleka novalo olu ngeli xesha enxibe umntwana kuchaphazela kuphela urhulumente yokukhulelwa, kodwa kuchaphazela kakubi olungekazalwa.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba unobangela ngqo lingenakuqinisekiswa, kuyimfuneko ukuba athathe amanyathelo okususa yonke imiba ingozi.

Le Pathogenesis ngesifo ebuntwaneni

Sisazi ukuba into etiological ngokuchanileyo ayifakwanga, indlela ngesifo ayaziwa, kakhulu. Kukho hypothesis, njengako leyo ngokuyinxenye achaze Pathogenesis yale igula ngengqondo. Ekuqaqambeni ebuntwaneni na ezi ndlela zilandelayo zophuhliso:

1. Iiseli zobuchopho Hypoxia ngexesha ekukhuleni inyama luvo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuswela ioksijini yasekuhlaleni. Kuwo kwafunyanwa ukuba hypoxia bayo iindawo cortical ye ikhweyitha lasekunene ingqondo, thalamus, ukusebenza iinkqubo zonyango izigulane ngesifo Amygdala, gyrus zexeshana kunye indawo prefrontal.
2. utshintsho Genetic. izazinzulu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba xa Pathogenesis ngesifo nobuntwana zidlala indima yemfuza ezichongiweyo kwingalo elifutshane chromosome 6. Ukongeza kukho ulwazi kunye nezinye ukunyhashwa ikhowudi yezofuzo kwi kwizigulane. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ayixhaswa yi izifundo ezinkulu-scale.
3. Ukutshintsha neurotransmitters umsebenzi. Ukuze a kakhulu oku kusebenza dopamine. Kukholelwa ukuba ukudluliselwa neemvakalelo phantsi kwempembelelo le kwezidodobalisi izigulane ngesifo kukhawuleziswa. Ukongeza, i ezichongiweyo ezinye utshintsho. Umzekelo, ukuncipha umsebenzi receptors glutamate okubangelwa ngokusebenzisa amachiza ( "Ketamine" iziyobisi), ebangela uphuhliso iimpawu sengqondo kubantu abasempilweni.

Ekukholelwa ukuba Pathogenesis esi sifo isekelwe kwindibaniselwano izinto ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze kubekho unxibelelwano ngqo phakathi umonakalo iiseli zemithambo-luvo, inguqu ungekabikho umsebenzi umlamli theory yemfuza.

Ekuqaqambeni kubantwana

Abantwana schizophrenia, njengomntu omdala, kungenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. uhlobo Pathology kufuneka zisekelwe ekubonakalisweni kwezonyango sifo. Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi ntlobo sifo kwenzeka abantwana:

1. schizophrenia naphezulu. Olu uhlobo clinical ithathwa ukuba ezingaginyisi mathe. main nokubonakalaliswa kwaLo - hebephrenic syndrome. Lubonakala yi imincili ungenangqiqo, affectation, negativism kunye noqhambuko fun 'etyeni. Abantwana abaphethwe kule fomu ngesifo sengqondo, kungekhona efanele kwimfundo noqeqesho. Iimpawu zokuqala izifo kuvela kwiminyaka 10-14.
2. schizophrenia Simple. Le fomu angase nanini na ubudala. Kwezinye iimeko, iimpawu yokuqala kwaphawuleka kule minyaka kwisikolo semfundo ephakamileyo. Oku umisela uxilongo: "schizophrenia yabantwana yasekuqaleni". Loo option is a ngezifo luphawulwa kukungabikho iimpawu ezintle (nemibono, iimfeketho zokufeketha). Wabonakala uphawu isifo - kuba apatiko-abulicheskimi syndrome kunye disinhibition ikhaliphe (ehleliyo, ukudla).
3. schizophrenia Catatonic. Esi sifo ithathwa ngokuba amabi. Senzeka ngo-1-3% kwizigulane. Ezi mpawu ezizodwa yale ngobuwena ziquka schizophrenia: mutism, negativism, disinhibition ikhaliphe zamandulo, ukuziphatha ukukopa (echopraxia). Iimpawu uphawu zezi: nomonde ukuma nemvelo, ukwanda kwezihlunu, uchulumanco catatonic kunye wobuthongo.

Enye indlela esi sifo a seSkitsofreniya usoyika. Lubonakala yi kuphuhliso iimfeketho zokufeketha persecutory, iingcinga overvalued, automatism izangoma (Kandinsky-Clerambault syndrome). Amaxesha amaninzi ezi mpawu izifo kwenzeka abadala (iminyaka 25-40). Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso yale fom izifo ebantwaneni akwenzeki.

Abantwana abanesifo sengqondo: iimpawu kunye iimpawu zokugula

ezibonisa kwezonyango sifo zenzeke esemncinane kunye elivisayo. Kukholelwa ukuba ukuya kwiminyaka-5, le ngezifo phantse akunakwenzeka ukuchonga. Noko ke, kwiminyaka elandelayo ayikwazi Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko, "ebuntwaneni schizophrenia". Iimpawu zesi sifo ukuba zihlolelwe ixesha elide. Kuphela emva koko xa kukho iimpawu ezininzi sisifo uphethwe: "schizophrenia", ebonisa ukwakheka kwalo. Iimpawu zesi sifo ziquka:

1. syndrome Apatiko-abulicheskimi. Kodwa ubonisa ukuphelelwa ngumdla kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo (yesikolo, izinto zokuzonwabisa, imidlalo), ukonqena, nabantu ngokoluvo yabazali.
2. syndrome Hallucinatory. Ukongeza bodwa ngcembe, umntwana akwazi ukuthetha yedwa kunye naye, ukuze aphumeze ezinye izenzo kuthetha ubukho lenkampani (udlala umhlobo ngengqondo, ukuthuka, kumnandi, njalo njalo. E.).
3. syndrome naphezulu.
4. Catatonia. Kule fomu iimpawu zesifo-ezithile kuvandlakanywa ezifana zesibeleko ukuma, "umoya ababetheki uphawu" - xa ukususa incwadi esongwayo evela ngaphantsi entanyeni kunye nentloko, indawo yomguli akawatshintshi. Oko kukuthi, ukuba uhlala kwindawo enye.

Iimpawu ngesifo yokuqala ingaquka: ekhala umntwana unmotivated, yelping, cinca-cinca, ukungafuni ukunxibelelana, etc ...

Iimpawu zokugula in abafikisayo

Iimpawu ngesifo ebuntwaneni intsha ngandlel ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza kwezi mpawu, izigulane waphawula disinhibition of ikhaliphe ezilula (kwanda, izinto ngokwesondo) angavela iimfeketho zokufeketha pseudohallucinations. Abantwana babedla ukulawula, bengafuni ukuthetha nabazali, benze izenzo lukhona. Izigulane ayisekho ukuya esikolweni, wavakalisa nabantu iziganeko ngoku, kukho ukuphazamiseka ingcamango.

Ziintoni iimpawu Autism ngexesha ngesifo nobuntwana?

Eku sunguleni, Autism yayigqalwa omnye iikhrayitheriya sengqondo ebuntwaneni. Okwangoku, esi sifo esabiwe sisifo esahlukileyo. Autism kuthiwa kophulwa umthetho umthamo lomntwana kwintsebenziswano yoluntu. Ukongeza, i ngezifo esibonakala ngokuncipha okanye ukunqongophala imvelaphi ngokweemvakalelo abasabela ngomlomo ukuya ezisingqongileyo. Abantwana schizophrenia soloko ilandelwa lutshintsho lwemithetho iimpawu autism. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nokubonakaliswa kuphela esi sifo, kwaye uphawu yi aqine eliphantsi.

Uxilongo ngesifo ebantwaneni

Uxilongo "schizophrenia" Akusoloko kulula, njengoko esi sifo ukudibanisa ezahlukahlukeneyo iimpawu uphawu lweminye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Guide ngezifo Ikhosi lihlangana (utshintsho exacerbations kunye Uxolelo). Uxilongo isekelwe kwiimvavanyo zeklinikhi ezikhethekileyo kwengqondo. Kubalulekile ukuba kupheliswe neziphumo eziyingozi emzimbeni komntwana (iityhefu ezingenabungozi, iziyobisi).

Indlela yokuphatha schizophrenia ubuntwana?

Unyango ngesifo yabasaqalayo ijolise ekwandiseni ixesha kuxolelwe, unyango syndromes ezibalulekileyo kwengqondo. Amachiza asetyenziswa evela kwiqela neuroleptics (amayeza "Eglonil", "thioridazine") kunye nootropics. Zonke izigulane babonisa Unyango, kwakunye esibhedlele zothintelo phononongo lweNyanga amaxesha ezi-2 ubuncinane ngonyaka. Yintoni ukuyeka hallucinatory syndrome ukumisela iziyobisi "Haloperidol" yaye "Triftazin".

I-ALS for sengqondo ebantwaneni

abantu abane kuncomekayo zibe kwifomu elula ngesifo sengqondo. Iimpawu avulekile, kwanciphisa nezihlandlo exacerbations. Noko ke, recovery ngokupheleleyo kwenzeka kunqabile. Xa catatonic kwaye gebefrenicheskoy ibe abane olihlwempu. Abantwana abaphethwe kwezi iinketho ngezifo, kufuneka unonophelo rhoqo, abelwe kwiqela 1 nokukhubazeka.

Indlela ukuziphatha umntwana onesifo sengqondo

Ukunxibelelana umntwana onesifo sengqondo, kuba nzima, ingakumbi kwixesha leengxaki ahlekise. Nangona umnqweno ukunceda, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba bandiqumbise ukuziphatha ezingafanelekanga, ndlongo, okanye ngokuchasene - bodwa ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, kungakuhle ukuba ityala umntwana, yaye musa amxelele ukuba wayesifa. Iinkcukacha kunye nabantwana kufuneka ibe ngokufanayo nabantu esempilweni, abaziva kunjani njalo. Ngexesha i exacerbation kucetyiswa ukuba hospitalize umntwana esibhedlele.

Uthintelo ngesifo ebantwaneni

Thintela ebuntwaneni schizophrenia akwenzeki, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukwenza yonke into umntwana onempilo. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka uphephe iimeko ezibangela kunye neziphumo engentle yokusingqongileyo. Phambi sifo emizalwaneni kufuneka umana yi-Psychologist sezakhi omabini amaqabane phambi kwesisu yomntwana.