Pritzker Prize. Laureates of the Pritzker Prize for lonke ixesha

"Oscar" - kuba bhanya, ngeMbasa Nobel - eenzululwazi, owazuza Ibhaso - kuba iintatheli, iimvumi kunye nababhali. Abakhi ngawo onke amaxesha, wafumana amabhaso. Waba ophambili Pritzker Prize.

indaba

Le mbasa enkulu ehlabathini yeyona bungqina yokuphumelela womzobi. Ndanika oko yaqala ngowe-1979, kwaye umseki eli bhaso yaba ngusozigidi Jay A. Pritzker. Ekunye nomfazi wakhe, bafumana ukuba ukungabikho bezakhiwo phakathi abaphumelele Nobel Prize - a engenabulungisa. Kwagqitywa ukudala ibhaso jikelele, leyo baye bazama ukufumana nabayili kulo lonke ihlabathi.

Kuba abakhi 37 ezidlulileyo wafumana ibhaso zabo italente yakhe enkulu, isipho kunye neminqweno creative. Ngamnye kubo kumka izimiso zakhe obugcisa, ngaloo ndlela ekwenzeni igalelo engaqhelekanga ukuba ukwakhiwa ehlabathini, eshiya i ufakelo zobugcisa ecacileyo nekulula.

Lo mkhosi Award kunye

Laureates of the Pritzker Prize for ixesha wafumana medallions zokubhiyizela uMdyarho zezobhedu. Bona akrolwa amagama aphambili ekufuneka abonakalise umsebenzi winner: "Strength. Benefits. Beauty. " Ukongeza, ngamnye abaphumeleleyo bafumana ubungakanani mandatory umvuzo wemali ka ikhulu lamawaka eerandi.

umsitho ngasinye kusoloko uthatha indawo isithethe intle "Oscar" okanye amabhaso Nobel. Laureates of the Pritzker iBhaso babuthe kwiholo esindilisekileyo ilindele koyisa kwabo. Ngokubanzi nje utyunjwe eli bhaso libaluleke kangaka. Kwenza kumdlali ngamnye ukuthatha elinye inyathelo zoloyiso, aya kukhunjulwa ehlabathini lonke.

Pritzker ekhaya

labantu yaseMelika, elathi abakhi ehlabathini lonke ukuvakalisa ngokwabo kwaye eli bhaso, ngoku omnye kwiintsapho izityebi kwinkulungwane yama-20. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba phantse zonke ilungu losapho elikhulu ngoku kuluhlu lwe Forbes.

Ubomi iintsapho zabo alaziwa ukuba lithetha ukuthini. Legend na ukuba ngexesha ngunozala ubukhosi yabaleka Ukraine ngexesha kwamaJuda. E Melika, wafika ingahlawulelwanga mali. Zonke wakwazi ukufumana, oko ngokuyintloko imali kuqeqesho kwi-Faculty of Law, emva kokuba sele bakwazi nokuhlela ofisi umthetho.

Emva kokuba ezinyaweni zakhe, Pritzker benza ukuthenga indawo, kunye noonyana bakhe omdala waqhubeka nomsebenzi kayise. Ngoko, kwenzeka ukuba zibukeke kakhulu ebaluleke ngaphezu ityala uMthetho. Ke kaloku uTomas umongameli Pritzker Hyatt Foundation, nto leyo eye ishishini ihotele ehlabathini lonke.

laureates

Laureates of the Pritzker Prize for lonke ixesha lonyaka wonke wambetha ngenxa yomsebenzi yakhe endle izakhiwo. Baza baphakamisa izakhiwo zazo yimikhuba ukuba aba izakhiwo eziqhelekileyo: umlilo, amabala, izakhiwo zokuhlala okanye amaziko oshishino.

Ngalinye abatyunjwa kunye abaphumeleleyo wokudala nje isakhiwo wezakhiwo engaqhelekanga. Ngamnye kubo benza into zokusebenza, ukhululekile, ubanzi kakuhle. Minyaka le Pritzker Prize yanikwa labazobi ukusuka naphi na emhlabeni, nayiphi ideology, ubuzwe okanye izimvo ezopolitiko.

Eli nani liphezulu abaphumeleleyo yamabhaso yokwakha phakathi abemi US, eJapan, Great Britain. Ngowe-2012 waba wawongwa wezakhiwo yokuqala Chinese Van Shu. Ngo-2004, intshatsheli lokuqala umfazi Zaha Hadid.

2016

Ngokwesiqhelo, kwitheko lokunikezela amabhaso ebanjwe ngoMatshi. Ukukhetha izixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeke nakubugcisa ethile. Le mbasa Wawuthatha e Versailles, eYerusalem, Bilbao, Prague, eSt Petersburg kunye nezinye izixeko kwimizobo ngobugcisa.

Abatyunjelwe eli bhaso kulo nyaka baba nabayili owaziwayo Piter Ayzenman Berlin kaThixo 'Memorial kumaYuda wabulala yaseYurophu ", uDavide Chipperfield Museum" Folkwang "kunye nabanye. ophumeleleyo yaba Chilean Alejandro Aravena oneminyaka eli-48 ubudala.

Jurors sikhethwayo, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, into yokuba isebenza kwi nalo ilungelo akuzange kubekho isixa-mali. Eyona iphambili - kukukhathalela weendwendwe, ukusetyenziswa amandla, yaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kulula iintlekele zemvelo.

imisebenzi eyaziwa Aravena waye campus of the Catholic University. Masakhane ifomu cc, iye imigangatho 14 monolithically. Ngokuba zonke iintlobo zayo, ngaphakathi kulula kakhulu kwaye enobubele. Kuxhomekeke kuba Aravena abayinyamekelayo zivula olungaphambili, nto leyo eya kunciphisa iindleko zamandla ngu 2/3.

Iinzame Zaha Hadid

Kakade ke, yonke wezakhiwo, wafumana le mbasa ufanelwe ingqalelo. Kodwa lo mfazi wokuqala ukuba abe winner ngo-2004 yaba Zaha Hadid. Pritzker Prize yaba negalelo kwimpumelelo creative yabafazi. Phambi kokufumana umvuzo yena waba isixhobo yayo ezimbalwa iiprojekthi eqhelekileyo.

Usindiso izizathu ngokwenene kuye, nto leyo eyakhokelela ngokuqinileyo bokwakha ukuba imithamo omkhulu umsebenzi owenziwa. Emva ubhululu elishumi phantsi kobunkokheli Hadid wadalwa iiprojekthi 950. Bona phangalala lizwe 44th ehlabathini.

Le projekthi lokuqala akuphumelelanga Zaha wawamisa 1982 waza waphumelela kuye kukhuphiswano lwakhe lokuqala. club Sports encotsheni yentaba banomdla ziingcali ezininzi. Kodwa ke isizathu sasinda baba ngezikhondo kwezopolitiko, nezithe zanegalelo bayahlelwa yabafazi. Wabuya waya eLondon yaye wavula i-ofisi.

nokuzama ukuba abuyele sokuyilwa kwakunzima nibasekele akunakuqinisekiswa. Station Fire, Opera eCardiff, engazange kwakhiwa, i Rosenthal Centre for Contemporary Art. Esi sakhiwo iprojekthi yokugqibela, phambi mbasa, ezo ubomi bakhe zibe 'ngaphambi nasemva ". Kwathabatha beka ntetho ibhaso Pritzker e Hermitage. E St. Petersburg, lo mfazi wafumana imbasa yobhedu siwazise, kunye nenkxaso-mali kwiiprojekthi elizayo.

Ngoko ke, ngo-2014, Zaha wavula isakhiwo sayo esitsha e-Hong Kong, nto leyo efana nokuba iliwa, okanye isiphekepheke. Le nqaba Technical University Innovation Siye saba "ilizwi" ngekamva. Iqhekeza ukuba basuka elizakufakwa apha, kweli hlabathi abangafezekanga. Nangona isibakala sokuba Hong Kong waye umbhuqi italente yakhe kude 1980, ngoku yena fan ngaye kunye nendawo izisombululo. Matshi 31, 2016 Hadid wabamba ndamelwa yintliziyo, nto leyo kuye isigwebo sokufa.

kwiiprojekthi ezizayo

Ihlabathi kufuneka ibhaso bokwakha. Pritzker ndondo ukuba abaninzi nje ukuqaphela italente yakhe, kodwa izizathu ngcono ukudala iiprojekthi ezinkulu. Norman Foster of the UK waphumelela imbasa ngo-1999. Waba odumileyo iLondon neboskrebu- "cucumber". Ngoku, ngo-2014, waqonda ngeprojekthi yakhe Pennsylvania. Ngo-2017, kufuneka wakha kubude ende yeemitha 336 kunye nemigangatho-60.

Ngo-2008, umvuzo yanikezelwa womzobi French Zhan Nuvel. izisombululo zakhe engaqhelekanga kunye nokwandiswa amazinga kudala ayeze nabayili edumileyo, ngoko ke kwabonakala ukuba kunyuswe ntetho mbasa. Noko ke, musa umvuzo Nouvel Yayingekho. iiprojekthi zakhe umxhelo: izindlu, izakhiwo zoluntu, iindawo zentengiso, amaziko enkcubeko, amaziko ezentlalo awohlukeneyo kunye nangaphezulu. Nouvel emva kwakhe - inani elikhulu lezinto ubuchwepheshe abafezekileyo.

Ngoku Nouvel busebenza ulwakhiwo yeemyuziyam ezimbini eRio de Zheneyro kunye uTokyo phezu Louvre e Abu Dhabi, phezu amaziko lokonwabisa of Dubai kunye Kuwait kunye isibini izakhiwo eNew York no Paris.

Pritzker Prize for abaninzi iye sisixhobo kuphuhliso umsebenzi elizayo. Laureates abakhe bahlala ngaphambi kwexesha lethu, ngoku inxaxheba kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu-isikali, nto leyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo uya kukwazi ukoyisa umntu ngamnye.