Polytrauma - ntoni na? uncedo lokuqala xa polytrauma

Amaninzi kwimbali kwezifo yabantu, eziwa kubude onesidima, okanye wakhwela kwingozi yemoto, kunokwenzeka ukuba bagcine elide ezifana polytrauma. Yintoni na yaye kutheni kubalulekile ukubonelela uncedo lokuqala ukuya umguli? Oku yintoni eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku. Kwakhona siza kufunda indlela umntu odlulayo ungagcina ubomi amaxhoba ingozi, kwakunye ezinye iindlela zokuxilonga kunye nonyango zisetyenziswe kule meko.

incazelo

Ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu amanxeba ebuhlungu ezininzi zomzimba zibizwa ngokuba polytrauma. Yintoni na kwaye yintoni iimpawu uphawu le meko? Polytrauma - a enzima polysystemic kunye ezininzi nokwenzakala kwelungu apho kukho inkqubo yezifo. Oku kusekelwe phezu kophulwa kweenkqubo lithathelwe ekuhlaleni ngokubanzi, homeostasis.

Loo imeko kuyingozi kuba akukho nto ukuzibonakalisa ngokupheleleyo. Kucacile ukuba kuphela umonakalo zangaphandle:

• yashiya ebuhlungu;
• ukopha;
• ukubanjwa zemigudu;
• ukulahleka lokuqonda.

Ezinye iimpawu zenzeka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo polytrauma.

degrees

1. Le mothuko akukho ulandelwe. amaphaphu ezonakeleyo. umsebenzi zomzimba ebuyiselweyo ngokupheleleyo.
2. Kukho yothuse degrees 1 okanye 2. Ukonakala imizimba bekukubi medium of. umsebenzi kwimo ngamalungu angaphakathi kufuna ixesha elide.
3. Yothuse degrees-2 okanye ezi-3. umonakalo enzima. Kukho ukulahleka kwenxalenye okanye epheleleyo umsebenzi ochaphazelekayo amalungu.
4. Yothuse nezigaba-3 okanye ezi-4. Umonakalo sibi kakhulu, ubomi emngciphekweni, kwaye hayi kuphela kwisigaba ebukhali, kodwa ngexesha unyango.

imiphumela

Ezahlukeneyo ezininzi kwaye ezidityanisiweyo ngokwemiqathango umonakalo ubomi emngciphekweni inokwahluka ngaphakathi kwemida ububanzi, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba mabazihlele zigaba:

• ezisongela ubomi;
• nezhizneopasnaya;
• polytrauma ebulalayo.

Ntoni na kwaye umahluko phakathi uhlobo ngalunye?

Nezhizneopasnoe umonakalo akubangi ukunyhashwa ibubomi kumzimba, ubomi engozini.

Ezisongela ubomi kukwenzakala luchaphazela amalungu ezinkulu neenkqubo zinokunyangeka ngoncedo uncedo ngexesha abafanelekayo.

umonakalo sibulala - ukutshatyalaliswa enyama yangaphakathi, nto leyo esele ayikwazi kubuyiselwa nkqu uqhaqho.

lokuqala zoncedo

Umntu kude amayeza, akanako ukunika ukhathalelo lwezempilo ngokupheleleyo ixhoba othe wahlaselwa ngenxa kwingozi yemoto, ingozi emsebenzini, njalo njalo. N. Noko ke, uncedo lokuqala xa polytrauma kufuneka zenziwe. Ngoko nangoko iqela lezonyango ngaphambi kungekudala abagqitha okanye umntu esiqhelekileyo kufuneka enze zazo ezifana ezilula kunye amaxhoba, nto leyo eya lula ukuba athi:

• Misa ukopha usebenzisa tourniquet okanye naziphi na ezinye izixhobo ezikhoyo.
• Ukukhulula ixhoba impahla (ukuba kuyimfuneko).
• Nyusa umzimba kancinane kwixhoba.

Akukho ezinye zazo kuba zililize ekungekho nzuzo ukuchitha. Ngapha koko, umntu kude amayeza, bekuya kuba nzima ukuqonda ukuba uhlobo polytrauma ezifunyenweyo. Oku uyakwazi ukubona kuphela ugqirha, nalapho ke kuphela emva kokuba uviwo ngokucokisekileyo isigulane.

Ukwenziwa kweziganeko ezibalulekileyo

Emva kokuba sele ube iqela lezonyango tyelela isigulane inkxaso ndingungantweni njenge polytrauma. abongikazi Emergency Care kule meko ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• patency Ukufunyanwa kwe ngokuma eliphezulu. Iingcali isuswe yencindi yomlomo kunye emhlanzweni evela kwisisu yomlomo, okanye elawulwa ngayo imaski ityhubhu laryngeal bafakwa internal ecocekileyo egudileyo.
• Nokulahla hypoxia. Oogqirha babhenele umoya ngumntu.
• isingxi ukopha lwangaphandle.

Ukuze enze ezi zazo kufuneka ashiye akukho ngaphezu kwemizuzu-4.

ekutshintsheni ogulayo

unyango polytrauma kufuneka wenziwe phakathi kweendonga esibhedlele. Ngoko ke, ixhoba kufuneka zisiwe kwindawo yezempilo. Kwaye oku kubalulekile ukuba isigulana kwi lokukhwelisa, noomatrasi ekhethekileyo okanye iqela lenjongo (kuxhomekeke umnqonqo yayonakele kwinto ndawo yaye ngayiphi indlela).

Kudla kukho amaxesha xa polytrauma yayifunyenwe ngenxa kwingozi yemoto. Kulo mzekelo, emva kokuba ixhoba ingozi isiqaqa, okanye umzimba umatshini ska. Kulo mzekelo, phambi kokuba ixhoba liyasuswa gumbi umkhweli kuyimfuneko kukubonelela patency okuqhelekileyo ngokuma eliphezulu. Oku kungenziwa ngendlela ekhethekileyo ikhola Schanz, ukwazi ukulungisa kwalapho wesibeleko.

isicwangciso diagnostic

Kwi yokwamkelwa njengesigulane labagula kakhulu kwiwadi amanyathelo kwenziwa kuye:

1. iimviwo angxamisekileyo. iitshekhi Ingcaphephe nokuba umntu uzinzile okanye hayi, decompensated okanye uyafa. Kwakhona, ugqirha ngaxeshanye uphonononga ukuphefumla, uxinzelelo lwegazi.
2. Iqela leengcaphephe uzalisekisa imisebenzi abakwaziyo ukuxhasa yomguli ubomi: ufikelelo imithambo, ngokuma patency, kutsalwe kwisisu pleural, ahlangule ebomini.
3. Ukuhlobanisa isigulane unit ioksijini, normalizes yokuphefumla, iliso umoya.
4. Ndiqhuba isifo ngexesha likaxakeka:

• Uviwo lwe esifubeni, intloko, isisu, umqolo omzimba.
• Ukusetyenziswa koMgaqo-catheter ukuya lwesinye.
• Uxilongo lwe pulsations yoluvo.

5. Ukuhlolwa:

• Blood ekunqandeni.
• Hemogram.
• Iqela Blood ukuhambelana kwetyala.
• Kwisidumbu ukuhlolwa.

6. Sonography.
7. X-ray.
8. ngekhompyutha Itomography.

unyango e polytrauma esibhedlele

Xa ixhoba bazisa esibhedlele, ngoko nangoko kufuneka uqale abaqhuba kwiingcali. Emva uhlalutyo isigulane ilungiselelwe utyando ukunqanda ukopha kakhulu (umz, komsipha kwesibindi okanye udakada, umonakalo nemithambo kunye t. D.).

Ngaxeshanye utyando ukuncedisa polytrauma ephelekwa unyango olunzulu bothukile. Le isigulane lesitofu ucwangciso olukhethekileyo.

Kunokwenzeka operation polytrauma:

• Craniotomy belimele ebuchotsheni.
• unyango zoqhaqho manxeba ukopha kakhulu.
• Ukusikwa kwamalungu omzimba.
• Unyango lwe iintanda ezivulekileyo, amalunga, imithambo yegazi, imizwa.

Emva kotyando, isigulane olwenziwe unyango fluid, injongo yazo kukuba ukubuyisela ukusebenza iinkqubo sentliziyo zokuphefumla. Kweli nqanaba isigulane ukwenza izifundo ezifana:

• scan yokakayi;
• X-ray isinqe, isifuba, isisu, yesiqephu.

ukulungiswa engqondweni

Abantu abaye ubunzima lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba, ngokuba lithathelwe ngokupheleleyo kubomi ekuhlaleni kuyimfuneko ukuze udlulise nokubuyiselwa. Kwaye hayi kuphela emzimbeni kodwa kumgangatho engqondweni. lolo umele ubukelwe ngabantu abaye bancipha ubuchule functional, ubudlelwane ekuhlaleni, izakhono ezisisiseko self-care, njalo njalo. D. uncedo Psychological kwi polytrauma kufuneka kwiingcaphephe nakwizalamane yexhoba. Ithuba ekhaya kwimeko yesiqhelo kufuneka kunceda isigulane ukuba zikhona, kodwa akukho tyala musa ukuzama ukwenza yonke into ngenxa yakhe. Kuyenzeka ukuba emva kokuba isigulane polytrauma ezilahlekileyo izakhono ezisisiseko self-nkonzo. Ingxaki yentsapho - ukunceda ixhoba kwakhona ngokukhawuleza,-kwakhona lungisa ebomini.

ukuvuselelwa Psychological nezentlalo kufuneka ibandakanye izinto ezifana:

• Ukufundisa self-care nexhoba.
• Inkqubo yemfundo intsapho yesigulane.
• Umbutho yobomi isigulane kweli khaya (kukhubazeko nokulungiswa kwigumbi apho umntu ohlala, iimfuno zakhe).
• Ukufundisa izakhono zobomi.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubekeka neentlobano lwentlalo.
• esweni umsebenzi oluqhubekayo kunye zengqondo.

Iingcali ababandakanyeka yesiqhelo

Banike uncedo engqondweni nasemzimbeni kwi polytrauma babe oogqirha ezifana:

• Rehabilitator.
• Psychologist.
• ukuyifundisa specialist.
• Sezifo.
• Kugqirha wamehlo.
• Zengqondo.
• Luvo.
• Podiatrist.
• Social Worker.

Imithetho-siseko ye-nkqubo yonyango kwizigulana

1. Efficiency. Qhuba isifo ebanzi kufuneka zenzeke iyure-1 emva kweso sehlo.
2. Ukhuseleko. Akukho buqhinga salwenza kunye isigulane, kufuneka ukusongela ubomi bakhe.
3. Ngaxeshanye. Onke amanyathelo zokuxilonga nezinyangayo kufuneka wenziwe synchronously.

Okukodwa polytrauma

Oogqirha ekunzima ukujamelana nabantu abaye bahlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yengozi. Features polytrauma, kwaye kungoko iingxaki zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Kukunqongophala nokoyika ixesha.
• Ukucutha amathuba ixhoba zothutho eziqhelekileyo nkqu ngaphakathi esibhedlele.
• Ukucutha uluhlu iindlela zokuxilonga ngamayeza nokunyanga ngenxa yokuba isigulane usoloko kwindawo lisalele, akunakwenzeka ukuba babuye.
• Quick search esiswini ukonzakala, yaba lukakayi, isifuba, esiswini, uxilongo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokupheliswa iingxaki.

iziphumo

Kweli nqaku, uye wafunda imbambano ebalulekileyo kunye mlonyeni ezifana, njengoko uncedo lokuqala lokufunyaniswa "polytrauma". Yintoni na kwaye yintoni ngokomkhamo umonakalo zisasazwa, ikwafunyanwa. Siye saqonda ukuba izenzo ukusebenza, ukuchaneka kunye nokubhala abasebenzi bezonyango kuvumela umntu ukuze sisinde kuphela ingozi, kodwa angachacha ngokupheleleyo.