Yintoni isifundo pilot? Kuba yintoni injongo kuliwa? Ukuze enze nayiphi na imisebenzi waqondisa?
ulwazi jikelele
Okokuqala, makhe ukuchaza into isifundo pilot izipho. Kuleli gama lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela kwizilingo okanye search (ubukrelekrele) uvavanyo encinane status quo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufuna ukucacisa le ngxaki, wabeka ingxaki ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi yaye ubeke phambili hypothesis nengqiqo, uphononongo lokulinga ngulowo kakhulu oku. A imfuneko ekhethekileyo kunokuba xa kungekho uncwadi ngesihloko. Emva koko, isifundo elingwayo lwenziwa ukuvala isikhewu solwazi.
Kuthetha ntoni amele?
Pilot sifundo - olu hlobo hlahlelo kwabantu, apho uluhlu ngokubonakalayo eliqingqiweyo imisebenzi, inani labantu bayibona kukuthi, iinkcukacha kungamelwa amancinci kunye nezixhobo kunye Inkqubo lula kakhulu. Ngenxa yoku, eli umphandi ifumana kuphela ulwazi loqikelelo malunga yintoni na into uphando. Olu lwazi lusetyenziswa ukuqhelwaniswa jikelele. Eyona sesikwenzile wezifundo pilot - cheap, ngok ngayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba asetyenziswa kwiimeko apho kukho ingxaki okanye hayi kakuhle, okanye ulwazi ayinyamezeleki kakhulu.
Njani na?
Ngoko ke, sele siyazi ukuba isifundo pilot - a case study. Kodwa ke iqhutywa njani? Apha, zininzi iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Eyiyo kakhulu igqalwa udliwano-non-ngokusesikweni kunye abaphenduli ezinokubakho. Kodwa ke, yeha, ukujongwa yabantu ezinokuchaphazela iimpendulo zabo. Ukuze kulungiswe le idata isebenzisa yokucupha ziingcali. Oku ukwenza focus group. Kodwa ke kufuneka ekugqibeleni kugxininisa into ethile. zithandwa kakhulu kwaye uphando leengcali. Ezi ziquka ziingcali okanye abantu abaqhelekileyo, kodwa kufuneka babe ngokunxulumene ethile kummandla ngezifundo anomdla abaphandi. Njengoko isongezelelo banokufunda amaxwebhu kunye kwedatha yeenkcukacha-manani, apho zifumaneka khona ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa / ukuphikisa hypothesis okanye ingxaki ukusombulula. Zithandwa kakhulu kwaye bavakalise ngokweentloko. Liyinyaniso elokuba, bakholisa, nangona lokufunda nokubhala kwabo, musa ukuma isisombululo kwiingxaki zenzululwazi enzulu kunye nophuhliso inzululwazi esisiseko. Ekubeni selo ngokubaluleka okwexeshana into eluntwini uncedo lwabo. Ayinamsebenzi ngokwenene into elisebenza into: unyulo US Mongameli Trump, anti-isisu, okanye enye into. Nantoni na - ukufumana iinkcukacha yenziwa ukuba superimpose nabo kwi iinkqubo ezinkulu-scale.
ukuthembeka
uthemba njani yonke ingcaciso ayifumene? Njengoko isifundo pilot - isifundo pilot, le nto nje iyodwa ithetha inani aphezulu iingozi. Ukuba sithe sabuya kubanjwa hayi iingcali, kunye neqela abalandeli (apho umgangatho inokuba isebe abasebenzi, ulindixesha club, umnini we web site), kule meko nangona kukho inkcazelo entsha yaye kuyimfuneko, loo nto, kunjalo, kuyinto luntu, nokuthembeka kwayo na imibuzo. Ekuqaleni, kunokuba kakhulu ethembekileyo. Ke ukuba uthe weza esuka kwindawo imbono lwezenzululwazi - ngoko, kwaye iza kuvula iintsilelo zawo. Ngoko ke sebenzisa ilinga izifundo iyavakala kuphela xa akabekwa iimfuno phambili olungqongqo ngenxa ukuthembeka. Ekuqaleni isampuli kufuneka iqwalaselwe. Iimfuno ecacileyo methodological ayikho apha. Njengomgaqo, kukholelwa ukuba hlolisiso 3 elinesibini abaphenduli ziya kunika ingcaciso ezifunekayo. Kodwa kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba abameli zonke iindidi zabantu zixhomekeke uphando phakathi kwabo. Kufuneka sifune ukuba nkulu neyantlukwano. Ukongeza, ukhathalelo kufuneka uthathelwe phakathi Abaphenduli abantu ababhalelwayo sifundo ubuncinane ixabiso ezithile. Njengoko kokufaneleka zobumnini ngecala isini, imfundo, ubudala, amava emsebenzini kunye neminye imiqathango efanayo.
Ukubaluleka izifundo pilot
Ngokubanzi, kwaye ngokubanzi, lo mba sele ingqalelo ngaphambili. Ngoku makhe siqwalasele oku ulwazi olubanzi. Ukususela igama ngokwayo kucacile ukuba ilinge kwenziwa phambi kokuba isifundo esingundoqo. Kuyimfuneko ukukhangela wihi iinjongo kunye yeengcinga. Nangona kwakhona kusetyenziselwa zemigodi izixhobo methodological. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, isifundo pilot kunceda ukwenza utshintsho imodeli, nto leyo eya kuphucula umsebenzi wayo, inceda ukucacisa iimpawu, ngokuxhomekeke, ku hlamusela iindleko zemali kunye nemihla yokugqitywa. Ngapha koko, ukuba ikhutshwa phandle esweni ngokupheleleyo zengqondo eluntwini kunye impazamo kwindawo zakradotsya, ubukho sayo iya kuba nethala kunye sempi enkulu. Le ndlela lubanesiphumo luncedo izibonelelo Ukonga umbuzo. Ukuvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokwenzeka usebenzisa izixhobo ezikhoyo nako ukuba wenza uphando yasemoyeni. Bona zilufanele njenge yokuziqhelisa ilokhwe ukulungiselela isifundo esingundoqo. Kulo mzekelo, khangela impumelelo kwesigaba sokuqala kwaye zivavanywe iziphumo. Kwakhona, xa kukho into entsha isifundo ivumela ukuba ukuqokelela izinto zokufundisa. Ungene iimeko ngaxeshanye lombutho: sengqondo ukuba abamangalelwa kuphando olwenziwe, nokuba kukho onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko kwaye elivavanya umgangatho mbandela. Kunokuba log zonke iingxaki ezivelayo kule khosi kwetyala.
isiphelo
isifundo ezingeyomfuneko pilot ebanjwe, ngokuqhelekileyo bengamaqela. Umbuzo kuphela, big ukuba banjani na. Iinketho ezimbili ethandwa. Eyokuqala ibandakanya isimemo kubo bonke abaphendulayo kwigumbi elahlukileyo, apho ugcwalise le khweshine. Ngaphambi koku, abantu baziswe malunga aerobatics, ingxelo ze achaze iinjongo zalo kunye neenjongo, ukuhlola bokuqonda ikhweshine athi acelwe ukuba anikezele naziphi na izimvo. Le ukhetho yesibini isekelwe kumaqela amancinane ukuba yenziwa ngabantu 3-4. Utsho iinkangeleko kuxoxwa njengoko kufuneka. Of omkhulu umdla kubaphandi na umgangatho imibuzo ebuzwa. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, isinikezelo linomdla, njengoko umthetho, injongo methodological.