Njani intliziyo yomntu, yintoni na imisebenzi yayo?

Intliziyo emzimbeni womntu - ilungu elibalulekileyo. umsebenzi wakhe kunokufaniswa kwimpompo. Ngenxa intliziyo ezimpontshelwa igazi emithanjeni gqolo ehamba iimpahla. Imisebenzi ebizwa emzimbeni ubomi. Engama-70, yena wenza malunga 2-3 billion ngo amanxeba kwaye iimpompo ngaphezu kwezigidi 170 iilitha igazi. Ngoko ke isakhiwo zentliziyo? Yintoni imisebenzi yayo?

Indawo nobukhulu zentliziyo

Eyona lungu iphambili umzimba womntu ise embindini esifubeni. Uninzi intliziyo kubekwe kwicala lasekhohlo umzimba, kunye ezincinane - apha ekunene. pericardium umzimba elele. Kwakhona ngokuba pericardium. Le bag tight, enqatyiswe angabikho entliziyweni kunye namanye amalungu lwangaphakathi akakuvumeli ukuba ukuwusa kwaye pererastyagivatsya ngexesha imithambo.

Ubungakanani intliziyo encinane kakhulu. Umntu nganye malunga ngenqindi. Noko ke, zingatshintshwa ubungakanani kunye nomzimba ubunzima. Iparameters landa phantsi izigulo ezithile. Imilinganiselo kunye ubunzima intliziyo nayo yonyuswa abo bantu ixesha elide inxaxheba kwezemidlalo okanye yezandla ezikhathazayo.

Ubume umzimba

Makhe sibone isakhiwo kwentliziyo. Iindonga kulo mzimba siqulathe ngeengcamba ezintathu:

1. Epicardium. Le inwebu maleko ubhityileyo zangaphandle eludongeni kwentliziyo.
2. Myocardium. ukuqonda Le iingcali kota umaleko eliphakathi unoxanduva imisipha yindibanisela intliziyo.
3. Endocardium. Le inwebu, nto leyo ichaza inkqubo yangaphakathi kwentliziyo.

Eliquka eli lungu ebalulekileyo iinxalenye ezimbini, ezahlulwe isahlulelo - eludongeni zamafu dystrophy. isiqingatha nganye kuquka amagumbi amabini. Amacandelo aphezulu (ekunene kwaye ekhohlo) ibizwa ngokuba imithambo kwaye uphantsi - i ventricles. camera nganye indima ekhethekileyo inkqubo ejikeleza.

nomthambo

Ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuba isakhiwo kwentliziyo, kukuba ukuthetha imithambo - amagumbi ezingcakacileyo-enqatyisiweyo kwentliziyo. Bona ibekwe ngaphezu ventricles kwaye wabahlula kwezivalo atrioventricular. Bekela bucala ilungelo kunye nomthambo ekhohlo. umzimba Ekunene aphezulu bekhamera - yindawo ekudibaneni cava Vena kunye imithambo yentliziyo. Ngokusekelwe kule nkcazelo, sinokugqiba ukuba lo intendelezo ufumana igazi lwemithambo akanalo oksijini.

Ngasekhohlo umzimba aphezulu khamera kakhulu ngaphezu ngasekunene. Ekuvuleni kwakhe imingxuma ezine yegazi miphungeni. Kwezi, intendelezo ngasekhohlo wamkela igazi entsha, ioksijini eninzi kwaye zilungele ukusasazwa ngakumbi wonke umzimba womntu.

ventricles

Kulo mfanekiso, nto leyo ebonisa ubume intliziyo yomntu (iboniswe ngezantsi), ungabona unelungelo kunye ventricles ngasekhohlo. Bakha ephambili ubunzima izihlunu umzimba. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba egumbini ekhohlo kuthelekiswa lungelo okukhulu ngakumbi ezinamandla. Le ventricle Ilungelo ufumana igazi deoxygenated ukusuka intendelezo ekunene. Xa intliziyo izivumelwano iya emiphungeni nge ivalve miphungeni. Sokuphuma igazi waya egumbini eliphezulu kuthintela umba tricuspid, okwabizwa ngokuba tricuspid.

Le ventricle ekhohlo ukusuka intendelezo ekhohlo wamkela igazi, mpilo. It aqukuqela le mitral (bicuspid) vana. Xa zokurhwaqela kwezihlunu bottom kwigumbi igazi eliseleyo wangena aorta ngokusebenzisa ivalve aortic. Emva koko kwanwenwa wonke umzimba womntu.

inhliziyo isebenze

Ekuqwalaseleni isakhiwo wentliziyo, kufuneka bafunde umsebenzi umzimba. Le ventricles kunye imithambo ukuze babe nokuba iqalile (ukuzala) okanye incitshisiwe (iSystolic) karhulumente. Ukuphumla kunye nokuncipha wentliziyo kwenzeka ngokokulandelelana:

1. systole Atrial. Ukunciphisa umzimba ongentla ikhamera - ekuqaleni komjikelo intliziyo. Esi sigaba ihlala 0.1 yesibini. Ngexesha semigudu iphiko systole zivulwe. Lonke igazi imithambo ukuya ventricles ithunyelwe. Emva namagumbi aphezulu ukwehla lwenzeka kwisigaba lokuphumla.
2. systole Ventricular. Ukuncipha kutshona kwezisezantsi iindawo intliziyo ithatha imizuzwana 0.3. Semilunar (aortic kwaye pulmonic) kunye nephiko beziya evaliwe kwisigaba ekuqaleni. izihlunu Ventricular kunciphisa. Ngenxa yoku, uxinzelelo kwi kwandisa umgodi. Ngenxa yoko, igazi uthunyelwa imithambo. Apho, xi usezantsi. Noko ke, ukuhamba kwegazi kule ndawo unqandwe beziya kuba. amagqabi ayikwazi ijikwe ibe imithambo ngaphandle. Kweli nqanaba, wayityhila izivalo semilunar. Igazi iqala ukuba sihambe ngendlela pulmonary kunye aorta.
3. Diastole. Ventricles yokuphumula emva ukusikwa. Esi sigaba buhlala imizuzwana 0.4. Ngeli xesha lokuphumla, umzimba ubengena negazi ukusuka imithambo ukuya intendelezo ungena ngokungaphelelanga kungena ventricles. Xa umjikelo omtsha luqala, igazi eliyintsalela kumzimba ongentla bekhamera oludilikayo amaqela sayo.

Ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuba isakhiwo yentliziyo kunye nokuba isebenza njani, kangakanani ukuthetha malunga izangqa ejikeleza - ezinkulu nezincinane. Eyokuqala iqala aorta. Ivela ukusuka ventricle ekhohlo igazi nomoya. Of isitya inkulu ligazi aqukuqela imithambo, arterioles, emithanjeni, beninikela ioksijini zonke iiseli kwaye sibakhulule ukugeleza carbon dioxide. Ngenxa yokuba i-network capillary ushiya igazi lwemithambo. Okokuqala, ihamba phezu venules, uze - ngenxa yegazi ngemithambo holoholo. Ngenxa yoko, iwela intendelezo elungileyo, yaye ukusuka apho sithunyelwa ventricle ekunene.

ejikeleza pulmonary iqala pulmonary ephuma amagumbi ekunene asezantsi intliziyo. igazi lwemithambo engena imiphunga, ehamba kwemithambo, arterioles kunye emithanjeni lezinga ibekwe ngala mabhunga. Ngenxa yoko, oko uwela alveoli - amaqamza amancinane azele nomoya. Igazi ngokubamba oksijini, nyulu ukusuka carbon dioxide kunye engena emthanjeni. Ezi imithambo yegazi zezi intendelezo ekhohlo. igazi lakhe zityhalelwa kungena ventricle ekhohlo. Ke konke iyaphindwa kwakhona. Igazi iqala ukuba benze isangqa esikhulu nokuhamba kwegazi.

umsebenzi zomzimba

Kokuba ingqwalasela kubume wentliziyo, ungafowunela imisebenzi yayo. Omnye wabo - itanki. ilungu elibalulekileyo umzimba womntu ngexesha ukunyenyiswa imisipha intliziyo umngxuma ngenxa ukuqokelelana inxalenye elandelayo igazi ukusuka intendelezo ezityeni yegazi. Umsebenzi wesibini intliziyo - isitofu. Ekhululwe egazini kwizangqa ezincinane nezinkulu nokuhamba kwegazi ngelixa kuncitshiswa ventricles.

Njani intliziyo yomntu, wonke umntu kufuneka azi. Bonke kufuneka babe nolwazi malunga yintoni ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakhe, oqhubekekisa kuqhutywa ngayo. Ukususela umsebenzi intliziyo kuxhomekeke ngobume bempilo kunye nempilo yabantu. Ngokusebenzisa nokusebenza organ igazi kwaqhenqetha ngomzimba, ukunika onke amalungu kunye nezihlunu mpilo, izinto eziphila esebenzayo, amandla, aze kuthatha ukuba icarbon dioxide kunye neemveliso inkunkuma.