"Nikela kweli phondo": Uhlalutyo zamaqhawe Saltykov-Shchedrin

Sinikezela ukuba siqwalasele enye zamaqhawe Saltykov-Shchedrin - ". Bear kwiphondo" Uhlalutyo ibhalwa kweli nqaku liza kukunceda uqonde intsingiselo yalo msebenzi. Siya kuthetha ntoni na ingcamango Saltykov-Shchedrin, kubonakala kuyo. Ukongeza, uya kufunda abalinganiswa ezisisiseko iintsomi "Bear kweli phondo." uhlalutyo lwethu luya kuqala ibali emfutshane malunga neempawu ngokubanzi zamaqhawe Saltykov-Shchedrin. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ziqonde ngcono iimfuno zomsebenzi wethu.

iimpawu ngokubanzi iintsomi namabali Saltykov-Shchedrin

Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ezi imisebenzi zaye zabhalwa ngakumbi abantu abadala ngaphezu kwabantwana. Umbhali Isihlokwana kubo wabonisa ukuba "ngumntu wasentsomini abadala." Kodwa yintoni eyenza Michael Evgrafovich zibhekisela kulo uhlobo? Mhlawumbi Aesop ulwimi olusetyenziswa iintsomi, lolona hlobo efanelekileyo yokuthetha ngenxa amazwi akhe ngqwabalala kunye nezimvo thaca ngohlobo uvuthondaba.

Kule misebenzi Saltykov-Shchedrin gqolo ukuphuhlisa imixholo yakhe ayithandayo, kuthwelwe ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi wakhe 'History of a Town ". Luni izihloko? Kwelinye icala, ukuba ukugxeka kurhulumente Russian, a uvuthondaba kuyo, yaye kwelinye - kukho uvuthondaba abantu yonke Russian.

"Isingeniso" ku tale

"Beka kwiphondo" - ngumntu wasentsomini, wadala 1884, Oku kuquka amabali ezintathu ngokufutshane, bexelisa ingxelo zembali, a lumo kwayo. "Entry" Small landulelwa inkcazo kweenkonzo 3 uRhuluneli Bruins. Oku yakhethwa umxholo obophe komnye umzi kuloo kumabali iintsomi "Bear kweli phondo." Uhlalutyo irhuluneli Ibhodi nganye thaca ngezantsi.

Saltykov-Shchedrin wayekholelwa ukuba imbali siqulathe uthotho zenkohlakalo ezinkulu kwegazi nabalawuli ezenziwa phezu kwabantu bakhe. Umbhali, isigqebelo, uthi ulwaphulo nabancinane akandifanele ingqalelo imbali, ke ngoko, umkhumbuzi.

Toptygin kuqala

Xa inoveli yokuqala ichaza "campaigner-irhamncwa" wathumela "ukuya ehlathini kude" iphondo. Bear, ukubonakala kwi yokuzalwa, ngoko nangoko amalungiselelo kwegazi. Akwaziwa yintoni eyabangela irhuluneli ukuba wenze eso sigqibo. Ngapha koko, mayingabi sakhululwa ngokuba ububi. Waye "kangangokuba iinkomo." Umbhali uthetha ngale ndlela malunga uyilo obusezintongeni yonke vlastpriderzhaschih. Bengengabo villains, kodwa iinkomo baziphethe.

Kodwa ke izicwangciso umlawuli Toptygina lokuQala waqonda ukuba akukho ithetha ukuba. Awabatshabalalisayo igama lakhe kunye nomsebenzi kwiikota kakhulu. Ebuthongweni ngengozi wadla Siskin, wazithwala phezu "utshaba yangaphakathi". Siskin le "nephayiphu nzulu", nangona clever. Kwaye Toptygina zonakale le "ulwaphulo-mthetho". irhuluneli nganye baqala ukwalatha ukwenza njalo yakhe.

Kungani demoted Toptygina

Toptygina umngcikivileyo hayi zonakaliswa umphefumlo abamsulwa. Into embi yaba izityholo kweli bali. Kubonakala ukuba "akazange ukuhlangabezana nokulindelweyo" yabantu bakhe. Ngapha koko, "Abantu abalungileyo" babemlindile kwegazi kakhulu, waza wadla Siskin kuphela! Yilaa abantu indlela ezinxulumene amandla. Abantu baqhele kakhulu inkohlakalo abasemagunyeni ukuba kulindeleke ntoni na kubo. Ukuba umlawuli akayifumananga naziphi zenkohlakalo, nabantu, okanye badane kulo.

Ngoko ke ekugqibeleni wonakele umsebenzi Toptygina. Nokuba igazi ngabo emva kwesi siganeko, ukuze enze ukuba "unetyala", asakulungiselela. Abaqashi, idonki nengonyama, kwaye musa ukulibala "isono" Toptygina. Nantso ke into le nebhere iphondo elo. Uhlalutyo tale iyaqhubeka ukucwangcisa umsebenzi ilandelayo ngumlawuli inkcazelo.

Toptygin yesibini

Toptygin yesibini - le igama umlawuli omtsha. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba abaliqela banengqiqo yokuqala yaba yesibini ibhere kweli phondo. Uhlalutyo nemisebenzi yayo ukwazi kakhulu. Eli irhuluneli "iphulo" eyayikhona isicwangciso, nto leyo wagqiba ukuphumeza. Noko ke, kanye kuloo ndawo, i Toptygin yesibini waqonda ukuba yonke into utyunyuzwe phambi kwakhe. Nam eyunivesithi okanye umatshini wokushicilela wayengekho domain yakhe. Yintoni unobangela lerhuluneli amahlwempu? Njani yena lizukiswe, ukuba baveze izimvo zabo? Kwaye Toptygin wagqiba ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa ebonakalayo kwiiwadi zabo. Noko ke, abalimi akazange nje umqondo wakhe. Baya kohlwaywa Toptygina ngokususa isikhumba. Uhlalutyo iintsomi "Beka kwiPhondo" ibonisa ukuba umonde zabantu ilinganiselwe. Oku kuboniswa ibali yesibini lebhere.

"Umsebenzi" Toptygina Eyesithathu

Umbhali ngakumbi ucela ukuba uhlala ukwenza oomantyi. njani ukuba baveze izimvo zabo? Eyona ndlela iqinisekileyo yokufumana Toptygin wesithathu iintsomi "Bear kweli phondo." Wagqiba ukuba gazi 'yendalo' - ukutyeba kwayo konke. Oku Toptygin balala emhadini bonke ubomi bakhe, ohlisa ku ubomi ithuba babantu. Xa domain lwakhe ngeli xesha kwakukho iingozi kunye abafayo 'yendalo', kodwa komeleza kuphela nasegunyeni lerhuluneli. Lulele emhadini, wesithathu Toptygin wafumana ukhuthazo evela kwabasemagunyeni. Ukongeza, abantu, ngokwesiko, ithwalelwe "inkosi" isipho sakhe, enethemba zelo kuye.

Bayahlelwa Toptygina yesiThathu

Kwaye yonke into waya njengoko cwaka njengesiqhelo kunye ngoxolo. Ubomi kwadalelwa khona umntu kwiminyaka emininzi iza kuba engaguquguqukiyo lithemba. Nangona kunjalo, umbhali uphetha imveliso yakhe yesithathu inoveli "Bear kweli phondo," into yokuba, amadoda ULukasz baba kwi ematyotyombeni, kunye Toptygin kuvele ezikhundleni zabo entsimini. Umlawuli ekwabelwana okumiselwe "zonke izilwanyana ezinoboya-langa." Kungenzeka, kwesi sivakalisi waqukumbela kunokuba inyaniso, ndim inyaniso, ithemba zombhali. Oku nolangazelelo umbhali, kunye ikhwelo lokuba kusetyenzwe.

Yintoni na iminxeba umbhali

Saltykov-Shchedrin ( "Bear kweli phondo") likhuthaza abantu abaqhelekileyo ukuba ukulwela ubomi babo kunye namalungelo abo. Kakade ke, xa sentsomi esetyenziswa ukuchaza kunye kweenzingo ibonisa abantu Bruins. Umsebenzi ichaza iingxaki nemibandela wajamelana kuluntu Russian kwi kwenkulungwane ye-19. Bakhathazekile ukuba umbhali, owathi, ngenxa zokuthetha, isigqebelo, uvuthondaba izama ukuvula amehlo abantu kwiingxaki yangoku. Umbhali kwakhona inika indlela yokuphuma kule meko. Kufuneka kucingelwa ukuba i-revolution ubiza Saltykov-Shchedrin. "Beka kwiphondo" - umzekelo omhle uvuthondaba Mihaila Evgrafovicha, abo bangakwazanga ukuwafihla oku amehlo abo iingxaki zentlalo.