Museums (Veliky Novgorod): Ulwakhiwo ngomthi, yesicelo, yaye ngaphezulu

ERashiya, kukho iindawo imbali elide, ezikhumbuzo kakuhle agcinwe godlo kunye nezithethe zamandulo, ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba isixeko-myuziyam. Velikiy Novgorod - enye kwezo ndawo lenkundla. Imbali esi sixeko ngaphezu kweminyaka 1150, namhlanje kukho ngaphezu amahlanu ezikhumbuzo akwi iinkulungwane 9-17, abe ke onke yinxalenye yobomi mihla. Tours ukuba Novgorod zithandwa phakathi baseRashiya neendwendwe amazwe.

Novgorod yesicelo

Uqhekekile umzi ngokwayo ibekwe kwi ngasechwebeni emlanjeni Volkhov. Ibhanki lasekhohlo lomlambo ukususela 1044 uyasilinda Novgorod yesicelo, igama layo bamandulo - Detinets. In Ancient Russia Novgorod Omkhulu nendawo ethile ubulawuli enamandla. Detinets wakhonza umsebenzi ukuzithethelela, kwakunye wakhonza njengendawo apho intlanganiso esemthethweni, urhulumente wamkela isigqibo wayesiya kubantu Chamber.

Yesicelo - le ndawo yokuqala apho kufika abakhenkethi, wagqiba ekubeni atyelele imyuziyam e Veliky Novgorod. Territory ye zakhiwo singqongwe kweendonga inqaba elingqingqwa, elakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-15, ukuya kweli xesha iindonga yayingagawulelwa iinkuni. Ekuqaleni, ezinde ezisithoba wakha kujikelezo Detintsa, kodwa ezintathu yawo yatshatyalaliswa, kanye xa ayaziwa. Ngo-1045 kwi kummandla zakhiwo wokhuselo kwakhiwa St. Nozipho Cathedral, namhlanje yenye lokusinda amabandla zindala Orthodox Russian.

Ebonakalayo ngokutsha, ukwanda kunye nokomelezwa incwadi yesicelo wabandezeleka ebudeni bolawulo Prince Mstislav Vladimirovich, ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-12. Kude ekupheleni kwenkulungwane iicawa isango ezininzi zakhiwa, ukuhlanganiswa ngenkulungwane ye-15 yala maxesha ngokungqinelana kwizoyikiso ezitsha eziye zavela malunga ne "ekulweni lomlilo". Ngomnyaka ekubhiyozeleni Millennium of Russia (1862) kwi Novgorod yesicelo baqhuba ukubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo-isikali, sifakelwe lesikhumbuzo sisikhumbuzo ukuya kumhla enkulu.

Ibekwe ngaphakathi incwadi yesicelo, kubalulekile kutyelela amaninzi seSigqeba, ukwakha indawo esemthethweni, iziko lolondolozo lwembali waBantwana, ibandla Andreya Stratilata kunye nabanye. Namhlanje, kuloo mmandla wesakhiwo yamandulo zinginginya imiboniso, iziganeko weendawo, olondolozo lwembali. Velikiy Novgorod lwaqala Detintsa, yaye namhlanje umzi liziko enkulu mveliso, ngokwasengqondweni yembali Russia.

Vitoslavlitsy

Museum lwezakhiwo ngomthi Novgorod ukwakweli kwisiza Vitoslavlice lali endala ikhula kufuphi St George eyindoda eMonastri kwiinkulungwane ezadlulayo. Le zina- nentle kakhulu, kukho umlambo Volkhov, Lake Myachin, zonke izakhiwo jonga abakhenkethi ukuba kwixesha elidlulileyo, yaye ngamanye amaxesha kubonakala ngathi sentsomi - kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo bali liyinyaniso.

Edlula ezitratweni, uyakwazi ukubona iinkcukacha yezindlu kwilali abakubudala ezahlukeneyo, Izindlwana ezincinane kunye neetempile ngamaplanga. Yonke imiboniso nga lizakundwendwelwa, yiya ngaphakathi kwaye ubone ukuba amalungiselelo ngayo ubomi. Impahla, impahla elukiweyo, imizobo ezandleni ekwaziyo restorers abaziingcali baye bafumana ubomi yesibini. Vula Air Reserve waqalisa umsebenzi May 16, 1967 kwaye ibekwe km-4 ukusuka Novgorod Omkhulu.

reserve nemiboniso

Ngoku ke imyuziyam lwezakhiwo ngomthi kwi Novgorod ukho kule yokugcina ezine kweshumi ngaphezu ezikhumbuzo bokwakha ngamaplanga. Abaninzi kubo bangamalungu eli ngenkulungwane ye-16, inxalenye izakhiwo zokuhlala kunye noshishino - nexesha kwiinkulungwane 18-19. Avuleke ibalulekileyo:

• KwiCawa Yokuzalwa. Sasikho malunga nenkulungwane emva kwinkulungwane ye-16. It wachukumiseka ukusuka kwidolophana Peredki (District Borovichsky).
• Church of Kwingcingane lali Kuritsko (kummandla Novgorod). Tentatively ke yakhiwa ngo-1595.
• Emnye Church. Le tempile yakhiwa ngeminyaka 1672-1676 kunye ngaphambili yayimi entlango Rekonskoy (District Lyubytinsky).

Kukho umoya Russian ... It kunuka

Museum of Architecture e Novgorod ibizwa yesizwe. Le reserve ngenkcazo lukhona nge umboniso weendawo, ibekwe ooronta ze imyuziyam, ezifana:

• "Uqoqosho kunye nobomi abalimi."
• "Christening".
• "Wedding. Itafile Prince kaThixo."
• "Spring zasehlotyeni nangeeholide."
• "Ubomi Winter ye abalimi."

Apha zibanjwa rhoqo kwimithendeleko lwemveli kunye Ikonsathi kwamaqela esizwe, kwaye intsimbi ukukhala. imithendeleko ezinkulu ihlelwe kwi Pancake Day, iPentekoste, iKrismesi kunye neminye imihla ebalulekileyo. Ukususela ngo-2013, "kwefama" wavula umdla kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Njengenxalenye mboniso uqhelane kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya, ezo zibanjwa ngokwesithethe apha efama umlimi.

Vitoslavlitsy - complex eqaqambileyo ngenkcazo, eye umboniso siqu yayo, imiboniso kunye neemyuziyam. Veliky Novgorod esirhangqileyo zinika ithuba simazi kakuhle izithethe zakwaNtu, ukuba ingcwaliselwe amabali ixesha, zobugcisa ahlale kwisingqi ubomi mihla.

izinto

In line kwisixeko samandulo phakathi modernity kunye nembali imfiliba kakhulu. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo e onke amanyathelo, ngoko esiya kukhenketho indawo emfutshane, iyavakala na isigqibo ukubona ngeli xesha, ukuba ukutyelela iimyuziyam. Veliky Novgorod has uluhlu olude lwe excursions kunye neendawo lenkundla:

• Icawa neetempile. Ukongeza Hagia Sophia, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola iperile sesakhiwo Russia zamaxesha - Church of the Kumbi, iCawa of St. uFilipu kunye Nikoly Chudotvortsa, leyo eyakhelwe imali abarhwebi ngenkulungwane ye-17. Ngu ezikhumbuzo zokwakha ezibalulekileyo zibandakanya St Nicholas Cathedral (1113 ngonyaka kokwakhiwa), kude kube kumi ibandla St. Paraskeva. Ukususela 13 lungcwalisela ngenkulungwane ubomi Novgorod Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Novgorod. Esi sixeko kwakhona iitempile ezininzi zamandulo, ezinye zazo isebenze imyuziyam, kwaye abanye lilungu le yosisi kwaye zisetyenziselwa injongo ezenzelwe yona.
• iconography imyuziyam. Lokuqokelelelwa icon 300, owokuqala yabhalwa emva kwenkulungwane ye-11, yaye le yokugqibela zinxulumene esikolweni mihla. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwe isikolo ukupeyinta icon Novgorod.
• Kuba umculo abathanda ziya kuba nomdla Museum igama Musical wezinto Povetkina V. I. apho uqhelane kunye nezixhobo zomculo lesizwe, ukulandela zazivelela zabo.
• Museum of Culture Artistic ise isishumi weemonki. Lo mboniso canvases, umboniso china ubudala, zinginginya imisebenzi yenkcubeko kunye nezemfundo.

Olu luhlu short unako kumana ngeendawo ezininzi ezizodwa, kodwa behamba bejikeleza emizini, ungabona ngokweenkcukacha indlela wayephila ngemihla yamandulo. Qiniseka ingena emehlweni i ngomfanekiso yamandulo, esendleleni, ngokufulelwa indlela endala-lixesha, okanye eMonastri, iindonga zisekhona lokuhlasela ngaphezu kwesinye.