Muscular dystrophy

muscular dystrophy libhekisela kwiqela izifo ukuba luphawulwa macala, yoma okuqhubekayo zonke izihlunu ezikhoyo skeletal. Isifo kwenzeka phantse nazimpawu, ekubeni akukho ntlungu ngokukhawuleza okanye ilahleko koluvo kwi eziphelweni uyabonakala.

Akukho mali yonyango kwezifo ezifana muscular dystrophy, okwangoku ziphuhlisiwe. Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezisisiseko kwesi sifo. Kodwa ixhaphakileyo muscular dystrophy, phantse-50% yabo bonke bayiqaphela le hlobo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, esi sifo uqala kukukhulisa ebuntwaneni, yaye iminyaka engama-20 ekhokelela ekufeni. Ezinye iintlobo muscular ukuphuhlisa ngokuthe ngaphantsi, kwaye izigulane ungaphila ukuya kwiminyaka engama-40. A iintlobo ezifana zamagxa phambi muscular nekhondo-nebhanti ngokubanzi akuthethi ngayo ubomi bakho.

Uphuhliso kwesi sifo unokubangwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo yemfuza. Hi xikombiso, le imbaxa kuphela umntu iintlobo egulayo. A isakhi kwezi ndidi chromosome ngesondo. iintlobo onomoya le sifo lilelokona abantu nje kuphela kodwa abafazi.

Nayiphi muscular okuqhubekayo dystrophy ibangela yoma kwezihlunu. Kodwa lo ngezifo kunamanqanaba ezahlukeneyo sandla kunye nexesha ezahlukeneyo nasisihlo.

Umzekelo, muscular dystrophy uqala azibonakalisa ebuntwaneni, kwindawo ethile phakathi kweminyaka emi-3 no-5. Xa abantwana, kukho iqinelwa luphawu zinyalasa ngezinyuko bakhwela ebunzimeni, njengoko umthetho, ngokufuthi ukuwa nje ayikwazi ukusebenza. Ukuba umntwana uphakamisa izandla zakhe, ngoko kukho isiphumo lag ye yabe emzimbeni, le uphawu kwathiwa "iincakuba iphiko-ezimile." Umntwana lowo sikuye isibetho, eneminyaka engama-9-11 uba kwisitulo sezigulana esinamavili. Muscular luchaphazela kwakhona kwi izihlunu intliziyo, leyo phantse ngaso ekufeni sisifo sentliziyo, nto leyo eyenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo ngesiquphe. Ukongeza, izigulane banokusweleka kulo naluphi na usuleleko okanye ukusilela sokuphefumla.

Muscular, nto leyo eye yaba iinkalo wentshabalalo, ephuhlisa kakhulu ngokucothayo. Iimpawu zokuqala angavela kuphela iminyaka emi-5, kodwa emva kokuba abantwana 15 bayakwazi ukuhamba yaye ngokufuthi kakhulu kamva. Iimpawu ukungondleki sinomoya, umzekelo, izifo ezifana: inkqubo nowanyayo ihlwempu, akazange ukuya walala phantsi imilebe yakhe umlozi, ukungakwazi ukuba baphakamise izandla zakhe phezu kwentloko yakhe. Ngokufuthi sifo okuvakaliswa amabinzana ezingaqhelekanga zobuso abantu amavila ngexesha ekhala okanye ukuhleka.

Ukuba kukho urhano esi sifo, kufuneka ngoko nangoko ukubonisa kugqirha, owathi yena, makamise uviwo ethile umntwana. Kaninzi apha kuhlalutyo sithathwa intwana esiqwini izihlunu - biopsy. Lidla ibonisa utshintsho ezikhoyo zeselula kunye nobukho ngamanqatha. Ekuhlalutyeni yonke idatha ugqirha ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi ukuqikelela ikhosi sifo.

Kumaziko onyango zikhethekileyo izixhobo ephambili, oogqirha ngokuchanileyo ukuba ngaba umntwana othile ubethwa esi sifo. Ukuze benze oku, ukuba isizalwane ziphandwa ubukho yofuzo zabo. Ukuba amalungu entsapho esi sifo, abo baza ukukhawula umntwana, kufuneka udibane phambi kumaziko yemfuza zonyango efanayo.

Kwimeko, ukuba umntwana ongekazalwa ibonakalisiwe sifo, ezifana muscular dystrophy, unyango kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwangoko. Upholisa akukho ndlela, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe, kodwa kukho ezinye izixhobo amathambo, imisebenzi kunye notyando, ekugqibeleni. Konke oku kuya ubuncinane kwixesha elithile ukugcina ukushukumiseka womntwana.